大学英语四级考试阅读理解难句解析(3)

　　1、 Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker s cough for a year.

　　主干：Gullotta saw a man...

　　1. who 引导的定语从句修饰a...man。

　　2.本句是肯定陈述句，却用了doing anything而不是doing something,语义上有所强调。

　　译文：两个月以前格洛塔为一位50岁的男士看病，这名男士吸烟可欧已有一年，但期间他没有采取任何措施，以至于延误了治疗。

　　2、The digital bread crumbs you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like.

　　主干：The crumbs make it easy to reconstruce...

　　you leave everywhere 是定语从句，省略了关系代词that，修饰crumbs; make it easy for...to do...结构中，it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式 to reconstruct...。easy是宾语补语，for引导出不定式的逻辑主语strangers。句末who, where和what引导的三个名词性从句都是reconstruct的宾语。

　　译文：你处处留下的数字面包碎屑很容易让陌生人推想出你是谁，你在哪里，你对什么感兴趣。

　　3、Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon .

　　主干：Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests...

　　Privacy economist 和 Alessandro Acquisti 是同位语。tests后的that从句作tests的定语，该从句的谓语动词reveal带有一个宾语从句people will surrender...。

　　译文：隐私经济学家Alessandro Acquisti 进行了一系列的测试，这些测试表明人们会透露像社保卡号这样的个人信息，就只是为了能拿到微不足道的便宜50美分的优惠券。

　　4.There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it s like to work in a field dominated by men.

　　主干：There was a time

　　本句是个存在句，主语a time由when引导的定语从句修饰。about+what引导的宾语从句构成介词短语，作stories的后置定语在该宾语从句中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式短语to work...是真正的主语。dominated...作a field的后置定语。

　　译文：我生活中有那么一段时间人们老是问我，供职于一个男性占主导地位的领域感觉如何。

　　5.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls free writing.

　　主干：The practice...is what...

　　定语从句that can...修饰主语The practice,从句中的介词短语 past your...habits作宾语you的补语，as you write引导的时间状语从句修饰trying to edite。what引导的表语从句中用了call+宾语+补语的结构，what是宾语，free writing是补语。

　　译文：这种可以帮助你克服在写作的同时就试图编辑的坏习惯的做法便是Elbow所称作的自由式写作。