词汇量不足的应急措施之（2）联想有关词汇

　　联想有关词汇

　　当遗忘产生时，或遇到未曾学过的词时，应采取放射性思维，发挥想象力，想出一切与之有关的单词，利用语言的内在联系，多层次，多角度地运用语言。一般情况下，联想可按下列思路进行：1联想同义词;2联想反义词。

　　英语语言中众多的同义词在许多情况下是可以通用的。利用这一规律，由于某个单词受阻而影响全篇写作的情况便不会出现。试看下列句子：

　　I had a nightmare last night. = I had a bad dream last night.

　　Nightmare 使用频率不太高，因此不太好记。而其同义词bad dream 却很容易记。以后者取代前者丝毫不影响原句的意义。再比如：I dont understand this word. 也可以说成 I dont know this word.

　　另外：

　　He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.

　　The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.

　　They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.

　　His temper is nasty. = His temper is terrible. = He has a bad temper.

　　英语语言中词与词之间是有联系的，词与词之间语义的共核现象即所谓的同义词。丰富的同义词给我们提供了极大的方便。

　　同样，用其反义词来取代某一遗忘了的词也是可行的，请看下面的例子：

　　He is stubborn. = He is not tame.

　　The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.

　　This is expensive. = This is not cheap.

　　She is talkative. = She is never quiet.