2017届高考英语一轮语法专题复习：2 冠词（新人教版）

　　语法专题2 冠词

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．(2015·浙江，2改编)Jane's grandmother had wanted to write ________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way.

　　答案：a；the　句意：简的祖母多年来一直想写一本儿童读物，但是一件接一件的事情总是妨碍她写书。children's book的中心词是单数可数名词且第一次出现，并且此处表泛指，故其前需加不定冠词；in the way为固定搭配，意为“挡道，碍事”。

　　2．(2017·新课标，63)Now, years later, this river is one of ________ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

　　答案：the　形容词最高级前用定冠词。句意：现在，数年之后，这条河是环境保护最典型的例子之一。空格后部分的中心词是名词examples，再由one of...可知，这里的most表示比较意义；形容词最高级前用定冠词the。

　　3．(2017·广东，23改编)She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on ________ top floor.

　　答案：the　top“顶端的，最高的”，只修饰名词，前面用定冠词。on the top floor “在顶楼”。

　　4．(2017·天津，8改编)Life is like ________ ocean: Only ________ strong­willed can reach the other shore.

　　答案：an；the　第一个空表示泛指，且ocean以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；形容词前用定冠词表示一类人，the strong­willed意为“意志坚强的人”。

　　5．(2017·浙江，2改编)The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ________ week, often long into________night.

　　答案：a；the　seven days a week意为“整个星期，一周七天”，long into the night意为“直到深夜”，是固定短语。

　　6．(2017·重庆，6改编)I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilson's because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.

　　答案：the；a　way后有介词短语作定语，表特指，所以第一空填定冠词the；泛指“一个名叫Wilson的人”，第二空填不定冠词a。

　　7．(2017·陕西，19改编)________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.

　　答案：The；a　village后有定语从句修饰，是特指，故第一空填定冠词；泛指“一座城镇”，故第二空填不定冠词a。

　　8．(2017·江西，22改编)They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team because they knew he was ________ smart leader.

　　答案：the；a　第一空后面的名词captain“队长”后面有介词短语of the team修饰，表示特指，所以使用定冠词the；第二空后的可数名词leader前面有形容词smart修饰，用a表示泛指。

　　9．(2017·新课标，13改编)Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and ________ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.

　　答案：a；a　句意：四个半小时的讨论让我们到了午夜，我们稍微休息了一下，吃了奶酪、巧克力并且喝了加糖的茶。两空前加不定冠词a，都为固定搭配。

　　10．(2017·浙江，15改编)People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning.

　　答案：a；an　第一空a preference表示“一种倾向性的喜好”，用不定冠词a表示“一个，一种”的概念，同时have/develop a preference for sth.也可以看作固定词组，表示“对某物偏好，喜爱”；而第二空at an early age是固定词组，意为“在幼年时期”，也表示“一个，一种”的概念。

　　11．(2015·天津六校联考改编)________ news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.

　　答案：The　句意为：市长来我们学校参观的资讯昨天通过收音机发布了。名词news后有介词短语修饰，起限定作用，表特指，故填the。

　　12．(2015·浙江杭州质检改编)In Germany, ________ successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”， has been running with a great success.

　　答案：a　句意为：在德国，一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。project为单数可数名词，此处意为“一个成功的项目”，表泛指。故填不定冠词a。

　　13．(2015·陕西宝鸡中学期中改编)—Mom, why can't I have ________ new bike？

　　—Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees.

　　答案：a　句意为：——妈妈，我为什么不能要一辆新自行车？——亲爱的，你要知道，赚钱可不是件容易的事。bike为单数可数名词，是首次提到，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。

　　14．(2015·安徽江淮十校联考改编)________ wish always remains unrealistic that you can come first in the final exam when you make no efforts at all.

　　答案：The　句意为：你不付出任何努力而想在期末考试中得第一名的愿望是不现实的。wish后有that引导的同位语从句修饰，表特指，故填定冠词The。

　　15．(2015·广东中山七校联考改编)Your son is in great danger and he needs ________ immediate operation which costs 48,000 yuan.

　　答案：an　句意为：你的儿子很危险，他需要紧急手术，费用为48,000元。operation为单数可数名词，且immediate为元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。

　　16．(2015·河北名校联盟质检改编)I'd like to buy ________ computer. Could you please give me some advice？

　　答案：a　句意为：我想买一台电脑，你能给我一些建议吗？computer为单数可数名词，此处表不确定的事物，表泛指，故填不定冠词a。

　　17．(2015·浙江嘉兴五校联考改编)Zinio is ________ platform for digital magazines, with more than 5,500 magazines from a wide range of publishers.

　　答案：a　句意为：Zinio是一个电子杂志平台，拥有来自各出版商所提供的5,500多本杂志。platform是单数可数名词，此处指“一个平台”，表泛指，故填不定冠词a。

　　18．(2015·江西南昌高三一模)What if your first choice is wrong? If so, just give yourself ________ second chance.

　　答案：a　句意：如果你的第一次选择错误怎么办？如果是这样，要再给自己一次机会。序数词前加不定冠词表示“再一，又一”，所以填不定冠词a。

　　19．(2015·福建厦门模拟改编)—Would you mind giving me advice on how to improve my record？

　　—If you make ________ most of your potential, there will be a rise in your achievement.

　　答案：the　句意为：——给我一些建议使我提高记录好吗？——如果你充分利用自己的潜能，你的成绩就会提高。make the most of是固定短语，意为“充分利用”，故填定冠词the。

　　20．(2015·浙江温州十校联考改编)With the development of society, our country is badly in need of those with ________ better command of computer skills.

　　答案：a　句意为：随着社会的发展，我们国家非常需要那些可以进行电脑操作的人才。with a command of...为惯用搭配，意为“掌握……”，故填不定冠词a。

　　.语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　During our journey we came to __1__ bridge. As we were crossing __2__ bridge，we met __3__ old man and spoke to him. __4__ man refused to answer us at first. He could tell at a glance that we had escaped from __5__ prisoner­of­war camp and he was afraid of getting into trouble. We weren't __6__ first prisoners of war to have escaped from __7__ camp. As soon as Jim produced __8__ revolver, __9__ man proved very willing to answer our questions. He told us exactly where we were and directed us to __10__ farm where we might find food.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______

　　6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______

　　答案：1.a　2.the　3.an　4.The　5.a/the　6.the　7.the　

　　8．a　9.the　10.a

　　Ⅲ.单句改错

　　1．(2017·新课标，5)This custom soon became another meal of day.

　　答案：day前加the　day此处意为“时期，时代”，特指某一时期，故用定冠词the。

　　2．(2017·四川，7)The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the test.

　　答案：same前加the　same意为“相同的，同样的”，其前必须有定冠词the。

　　3．(2017·浙江，7)Tomorrow is first day of school.

　　答案：first前加the或my　表示顺序的序数词前要加定冠词或物主代词、名词所有格等限定词。

　　4．(2017·浙江，10)As a result, nobody knew truth.

　　答案：truth前加the　特指前面提到的事情的真相，因此用定冠词the。

　　5．(2017·新课标)As result, the plants are growing everywhere.

　　答案：As后加a　as a result意为“结果，因此”，是固定短语。

　　6．(2015·新课标)Now I'm living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.

　　答案：countryside前加the　in the countryside意为“在农村”，是固定短语。

　　7．(2015·云南昆明质检)I think it good habit that in our spare time we read more books of great use.

　　答案：good前加a　habit意为“习惯”，是可数名词，此处为泛指，故用不定冠词a修饰。

　　8．(2015·甘肃武威一模)Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student in a ordinary school.

　　答案：第二个a→an　ordinary是以元音音素开头的形容词，故其前应用不定冠词an。

　　9．(2015·辽宁葫芦岛一模)Last Sunday I saw a worst storm in years. It came suddenly and went on for over three hours.

　　答案：a→the　根据in years可知，此处表示“最严重的暴风雨”，形容词最高级前应加定冠词the。

　　10．(2017·河南开封二模)When children are ill, I try my best to take a good care of them.

　　答案：去掉good前的a　take good care of...为固定搭配，意为“精心照顾……”，care前不加冠词。