大学英语四级词汇分层妙记-高频词汇(1)

　　abandon 　　vt ①丢弃;抛弃，遗弃 an abandoned car被抛弃的汽车 ②放弃,中止 abandon a project 放弃一项方案③~oneself使放纵;使听任 Those who abandon themselves to despair can not succeed.那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。

　　真题例句：Some pessimistic experts see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned.

　　译文：一些悲观的专家认为在不久的将来，所有的汽车都会被丢弃。

　　辨析abandon desert leave

　　四个单词都有抛弃的意思。

　　①abandon 抛弃，离弃。一般指完全和永久地舍弃某人或某物。可用于褒义，也可以用于贬义。书面语用的多。 The sailors abandoned the burning ship.船员们放弃了着火的船。

　　②desert遗弃，离弃。指某人或某物无人问津，或在困难时或困境中被人背弃。多用于贬义，有时可引申为失去的意思。 All his friends have deserted him when he is in difficulties.在他困难的时候，他所有的朋友都背弃了他。

　　③leave 舍弃，遗弃。着重离开、遗留下的意思。 常见用法：～sb./sth.; ～sb./sth.to sb.; ～sb./sth.with sb.;～sth.for sth.常用短语：be left with给留下，被剩下;leave alone 不管;leave aside 搁置;leave behind 留下，遗忘。 Did he leave any message for me? 他有话留给我么?

　　ability

　　n.①能力，本领 to the best of ones ability尽某人的最大努力 ②才能，才智The acting abilities of both are well-known.两人的表演才能都是众所周知的。

　　真题例句：The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.

　　译文：筹款能力主要是经验和迫切需要的产物。

　　able

　　a.①能够的，得以的 be able to do sth.能够做某事 ②有才干的，能力出众的，有能力的 an able lawyer一位能干的律师

　　真题例句：The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company.

　　译文：代理人能够充分利用其潜力和经验创立公司。

　　abolish

　　vt.彻底废除，废止 Bad customs and laws ought to be abolished.不良的习俗和法规应予以废除。

　　abrupt

　　a.①突然的，意外的 an abrupt rolling or pitching 突然的摇晃或坠落 ②唐突的，鲁莽的 She was offended by his abrupt manner.他粗率无礼的举止触怒了她。

　　absorb

　　vt.①吸收 Dry sand absorbs water.干沙吸收水分。②be~in sth./doing sth.吸引的注意，使全神贯注 The old man was utterly absorbed in the book.老人全神贯注地读这本书。

　　真题例句：The writer was so absorbed in her work that she didnt notice him enter the room.

　　译文：这位作家如此全神贯注地工作以至于都没有注意到他走进了房间。

　　abstract

　　a.①抽象的 in the abstract抽象地，在理论上 ②抽象派的 abstract art抽象派艺术 n.①摘要，梗概 Harper made an abstract of Prof.Hunters lecture.哈珀将亨特教授的讲座做了摘要。vt.①做的摘要 The author abstracted his book.作者为他的书写了内容提要。②提取，抽取 abstract metal from ore 从矿砂中提取金属

　　真题例句：I really like those abstract paintings we saw yesterday.

　　译文：我真的很喜欢我们昨天看的那些抽象画。

　　abuse

　　n.①滥用，妄用drug abuse 滥用麻醉药品②虐待，伤害child abuse虐待儿童 ③辱骂，毁谤She attacked him with a torrent of abuse.她用连珠炮似的谩骂来攻击他。 vt.①滥用，妄用abuse ones authority滥用权威 ②虐待，伤害All the children had been physically and emotionally abused.所有的孩子都受到过身体上和精神上的虐待。③辱骂，毁谤You are always abusing and offending people.你总是出言不逊得罪人。

　　真题例句：Lawyers can specialize in elder law, which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing?home abuse and age discrimination.

　　译文：律师可以专攻老年法，其中包括从信托和财产到疗养院虐待和年龄歧视等各方面。