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2017届高考英语(北师大版)一轮复习综合训练(课件):Module 8 Unit 22 Environmental Protection

发布时间:2017-02-27  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  2.I hate ________ if you don’t come to my birthday party.

  A.that

  B.it

  C.you

  D.her

  解析:it表指代,用来泛指某事,可用于Ilike/hate/appreciate

  it等类似的句子中,表示喜欢,讨厌某事,故选B。

  答案:B 3.He didn’t make ________ clear when and where the meeting

  would be held.

  A.thi s

  B.that

  C.it

  D.these

  解析:句意为:他没说清楚会议将于何时,何地举行。依题干句

  式结构,make后缺形式宾语,四个选项中只有C项it能在句子中

  作形式主语或形式宾语,故选C项。

  答案:C 4.Will you see to ________ that my children are taken good care

  of while I am away?

  A.it

  B.me

  C.Yourself

  D.them

  解析: see to 后面需先加上it作形式宾语,然后将真正的宾

  语that从句放于it之后,故选A项。

  答案:A 5.—Who is making such a noise?

  —________ must be the children.

  A.It

  B.He

  C.They

  D.That

  解析:it这里指说话者、听话者都知道的人、物。

  答案:A 6.Does ________ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?

  A.this

  B.that

  C.he

  D.it

  解析:matter作动词时,常用在疑问句和否定句中,构成

  It matters...句型,其中it 作形式主语,真正的主语位于谓

  语动词之后,故选D项。

  答案:D 7.To tell the truth,the accident and the damage ________

  resulted in frightened me so much that I almost gave up

  driving ever since.

  A.that

  B.it

  C./

  D.what

  解析:解此题的关键是要弄清句子的结构,此处的it作定

  语从句的主语;the accident and the damage为先行词作in

  的宾语,it前省去关系代词that或which。

  答案:B 8.________ felt funny watching myself on TV.

  A.One

  B.This

  C.It

  D.That

  解析:it作形式主语,代替后面的watching myself on TV。

  答案:C 9.—Do you think ________ worthwhile to go all the way to Los

  Angeles to buy that computer?

  —Well,I’m going to visit some relatives,too.

  A.it

  B./

  C.this

  D.that

  解析:此句是it is worthwhile to do something这一句式的变

  形,题干中it作形式宾语,后面的to go all the way...是真正的

  宾语。

  答案:A 10.—There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go

  and borrow ________?

  —No,I’d rather buy ________ in the bookstore.

  A.it;one

  B.one;one

  C.one;it

  D.it;it

  解析:it 就是a copy of the book本身,one 表示同类。

  答案:A 11.Spring is coming;________ gets warmer and warmer,

  and trees turn green.

  A.that

  B.it

  C.which

  D.as it

  解析:it可用来指代天气,时间,距离,自然现象,环

  境,婴儿,未知的人等。此处it指天气,由and trees turn

  green可知,前面必须是一个和trees turn green并列的句子

  才行;which只能用来引导定语从句或者名词性从句,此

  处很显然不是从句,所以排除。

  答案:B 12.Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting,

  addressed ________ to ________ and then posted it at the

  nearby post office.

  A.it;her

  B.it;herself

  C.herself;her

  D.herself;herself

  解析:address a post card to sb.在贺卡上写上地址寄给某

  人。这里表示Catherine在明信片上写上自己的地址并邮寄

  出去;address后接it作直接宾语代替上文中的postcard;to

  后接herself作间接宾语,表示把postcard寄给她自己,故

  选B项。

  答案:B 13.—Mum,have you seen my mobile phone?

  —________ you bought last week?I’m afraid I haven’t seen __.

  A.The one;it

  B.The one;one

  C.One;it

  D.One;one

  解析:由后面的定语从句you bought last week可知mobile

  phone是指上周买的那部,属于特指,所以用the one来代替;

  it用来代替前面的同一部手机。句意为:——妈妈,你看到我

  的手机了吗?——你上周买的那部?我恐怕是没看见。

  答案:A 14.If I can help ________,I don’t like working late into the night.

  A.so

  B.that

  C.it

  D.them

  解析:此处it指下文提到的不喜欢熬夜这件事情,can help

  it意为:能行的话。

  答案:C 15.I would appreciate ________,to be frank,if the goods could

  be delivered as soon as possible.

  A.you

  B.this

  C.it

  D.myself

  解析:句意为:坦白地说,如果这些货物能尽快发送的话,我

  将不胜感激。表示喜欢,憎恨等心理方面的动词,如love,

  like,appreciate,hate等,后加it作形式宾语,再加if/wh­从句

  作真正的宾语。

  答案:C 1.As a student,I’d prefer ________if I didn’t have to do so

  much homework.

  A.that

  B.this

  C.it

  D.what

  解析:I’d prefer it if...是一个句式,意为“我倒希望……”故

  选C。句意:作为学生,我倒希望不做如此多的作业。

  答案:C 2.—Will you see to________that my apartment is cleaned

  during my absence?

  —No problem.

  A.everything

  B.all

  C.yourself

  D.it

  解析:考查代词。句意:“你能保证在我不在时打扫我的房

  间吗?”“没问题。”see to it that...是固定句型,意为“确

  保,设法做到”。

  答案:D 拓展提升:英语中的固定搭配种类繁多,包括各种固定词组、习惯用法等,必须下工夫记住,做到脱口而出。如:It rained cats and dogs.大雨倾盆。be all ears倾听,洗耳恭听。解决此问题的最佳方法是做“有心人”,注意积累。 3 .—There’s somebody at the door,Ms.Green.

  —Tell________to come in.

  A.it

  B.him

  C.them

  D.somebody

  解析:考查代词。由于不知道对方的身份,所以用it代替。

  答案:A 4.—I saw no more than one motor car in that shop.Will you go

  and buy ________?

  —No,I’d rather find ________in other shops.

  A.one;one

  B.it;one

  C.one;it

  D.it;it

  解析:考查代词的用法。从第一句的no more than可知该店

  只剩一辆车,所以应用it指代同一事物;第二空的one表示泛

  指,意为“某些人/物中的一个”。

  答案:B 5.From parents’care,love and hardship,I

  have to come to

  understand what a huge responsibility ________is to raise a

  child.

  A.it

  B.that

  C.one

  D.what

  解析:分析句子结构可知,充当动词understand宾语的是一

  个感叹句,感叹句形式为what a huge responsibility it is to

  raise a child,这其中的it是形式主语,指代不定式短语to

  raise a child,故选项A正确。

  答案:A 【例1】 Most air pollution is caused by the burning of

  like

  coal,gas and oil.(2008·天津,11)

  A.fuels

  B.articles

  C.goods

  D.products 【解题方法指导】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:大多数空气污

  染是由燃烧像煤、天然气和油等燃料造成的。

  答案:A 教材原文对照 As a result of increased industry,agriculture,the cutting down of forests,the increase in transport and the burning of fuels,nearly 6 tons of carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere every year for every one of the Earth’s 6 billion people.

  (P6) 【例2】 —Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?

  —Because the old one has been damaged ________.

  (2008·江苏,28)

  A.beyond reach

  B.beyond repair

  C.beyond control

  D.beyond description 【解题方法指导】 句意:——你为什么建议我们买一台新的机

  器?——因为那台旧机器已经彻底坏了。beyond reach够不着;

  beyond repair无法修理;beyond control无法控制;beyond

  description无法形容,难以描绘。据题意选B。

  答案:B 教材原文对照 In the last few decades,scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate—something previously seen as beyond our control.(P6) 【例3】 Despite such a big difference in ________ towards what

  one eats,there is no doubt that people in the west regard the

  Chinese food as something special.

  (2007·湖北,23)

  A.point

  B.idea

  C.attitude

  D.sight 【解题方法指导】 考查名词辨析。下文提到:毫无疑问,

  西方人认为中国饮食很特殊。语境中的介词是towards,

  因此这里用one’s attitude towards sth./sb.表示“表对

  待某物/人的态度”。其他选项不符合语境。

  答案:C 教材原文对照 What is the attitude of the journalist towards the future?(P11) (1)当先行词表事物时,关系代词只可用which,不可用that。

  Jupiter,which has sixteen satellites,is the largest planet in the

  solar system.

  拥有16颗卫星的木星是太阳系中最大的行星。(单词Jupiter作先行词)

  The boy failed again in the exam,which made his father very angry.

  那个男孩考试又不及格,这使他爸爸非常生气。(主句The boy failed

  again in the exam作先行词) (2)当先行词表人时,非限制性定语从句的关系代词用who,不可用that。

  Einstein is a great scientist,who created the Theory of Relativity.

  爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家,他提出了相对论。 即学即用

  J.K.Rowling wrote Harry Potter,________ is very popular

  with teenagers.

  A.who

  B.Which

  C.what

  D.that

  解析:本题考查非限制性定语从句关系代词的用法。从该题结构来看,逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句,对Harry Potter作进一步说明,要求选关系代词。首先排除C、D项,因为what 不引导定语从句,that不引导非限制性定语从句;此处Harry

  Potter指作品,而非指人,排除A项。

  答案:B 23 Peter drove too fast,________ was dangerous.

  A.Who

  B.That

  C.Which

  D.why

  解析:句意:彼得开车很快,这是很危险的。which指代Peter

  drove too fast。

  答案:C 24 He changed his mind,________ made me very angry.

  A.Which

  B.what

  C.that

  D.what

  解析:句意:他改变了主意,这使我很生气。which指整个主

  句He changed his mind。

  答案:A 25 Her father,________ has a lot of money,wishes her to

  study abroad.

  A.what

  B.which

  C.That

  D.who

  解析:句意:她父亲很有钱,希望她出国学习。非限制性

  定语从句,her father 是人,所以用who。

  答案:D 名师原创 1.—I wouldn’t like to go out with you,I’m so tired.

  —________.You promised to go out for a drive.

  A.Really

  B.Not at all

  C.Come on

  D.No matter

  解析: come on主要用于祈使语气,常用来制止一种不合适

  的行为或用来指责对方刚说过的话,意为“算了吧,得了

  吧,别再装了”。really用来表示对对方所说的话感到惊

  讶;B、D两项意思与语境不符,故C正确。

  答案:C 2.He ________ his voice so that everybody in the room

  could hear him.

  A.Lifted

  B.held

  C.rose

  D.raised

  解析:此题考查词义辨析lift和hold显然不合题意。因

  rise是不及物动词,故不能选,而raise是及物动词,

  其后直接加宾语his voice。句意为:他提高声音以便

  屋里的每个人都能听到他说话。

  答案:D 3.It was foolish of him to ________ his notes during that

  important test,and as a result,he got punished.

  A.stick to

  B.refer to

  C.keep to

  D.point to

  解析:句意为:在那次重要的考试中他竟参考他的笔

  记,真是愚蠢,结果,他受到了惩罚。refer to参考,

  查阅,A,C,D三项分别意为“坚持”,“不偏离,遵守”,

  “指向”。均不符合题意。

  答案:B 4.Tests have proved that caffeine affects the body by

  increasing the heart rate and rhythm,which ________

  affects the circulatory system.

  A.in return

  B.in turn

  C.in order

  D.as a result

  解析:in turn 相应的,转而;句意为:测试表明咖啡因

  通过增加心跳节律来影响人的身体,转而影响循环系

  统。in return“作为回报,交换”;in order“按顺序”;as

  a result“因此,所以”。

  答案:B 5.It’s cold outside.Please ________ the door ____.

  A.keep;closing

  B.keep;close

  C.leave;closed

  D.keep;closed

  解析:keep强调人为的保持,leave强调听之任之,这

  里强调天冷,故应用keep;close为及物动词,与door

  构成被动关系,故用过去分词。

  答案:D 6.The continuous rain was ________ for the exceptional

  poor harvest.

  A.blamed

  B.condemned

  C.accused

  D.charged

  解析:由语境可知句意为:持续不断的下雨注定了罕见

  的农业欠收。blame责备;condemn注定毁灭;accuse

  控告,谴责;charge指控。由句意可知B项正确。

  答案:B 7.The new model of car is so expensive that it is ________ the

  reach of those with average income.

  A.Without

  B.Within

  C.beyond

  D.below

  解析:考查固定短语搭配,由语境可知句意为:这种新型

  汽车如此昂贵,超出了普通收入的人的支付能力。“超出了

  某人的控制”用“beyond one’s reach”或 “beyond the reach of

  sb.”,故C项正确。

  答案:C 8.Though they have two children,the kind couple still insist

  on ________ the poor boy.

  A.adopting

  B.adapting

  C.adopted

  D.adapted

  解析:由语境可知句意为:尽管他们有两个孩子,那对善

  良的夫妻仍然坚持收养那个可怜的男孩。由insist on

  后跟名词和动名词可排除D项,收养是“adopt”,因此A项

  正确。

  答案:A 9.It is ________ of you to call on your relatives from time

  to time.

  A.clever

  B.Serious

  C.wise

  D.considerate

  解析:由语境可知句意为:你时不时的拜访你的亲戚,说明

  你做事很周到,用“be considerate of sb.to do sth.”来表示,故D

  项正确。

  答案:D 1.it 的指代用法

  规则:

  (1)it指代上文提到的单数事物名词。

  —Could you find a dog in the picture?

  —Yes,it’s in the park.

  (2)指代天气,时间,距离,温度和潮水等自然现象。

  It was raining this morning.

  —How far is it to the school?

  —It’s five minutes’ walk.

  (3)指代不知道性别的人。

  —Who is it?

  —It’s me. 2.it作形式主语或形式宾语的常见句型

  (1)It is clear (obvious,true,possible,certain...)that...

  该句型中it 是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,

  常译为“……是清楚的(显然的,真的,可能的,肯定

  的,……)”,是主语从句最常见的句型结构。

  It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.=That he’s

  round and tall like a tree is very clear.很清楚他像颗树一样又

  圆又高。 (2)It is important(necessary/right/strange/natural...)that...该句型和上面是同一个句型,由于本句型中的形容词不同,所以that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should 可以省略。 It is necessary that we (should) remember these words. 我们记住这些词汇很有必要。 (3)It is said (reported/learned...) that...该句型中it 仍是形式主语,真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说(据报道,据悉……)” It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 据报道又有一颗地球卫星送上了轨道。 (4)It is suggested(ordered...) that...在本句型中,主句中的过去分词表示请求,建议,命令等时,that 后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should 可以省略,常译为“有人建议(有命令……)……”. It is suggested that the meeting(should) be put off.有人建议推迟会议。 (5)It is a pity(a shame...)that...该句型中,that 后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should 可以省略,表示出乎意料的结果,常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing(should) happen in your class.这种事竟然发生在你们班,真是遗憾。 It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了,真是遗憾。 (6)It is time(about time/high time) that...该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气,值得注意的是;常用过去时态,有时也用“should+动词原形”,should 不能省略,常译为“是(正是)……的时候”。 It is time that children should go to bed.=It is time that children went to bed. 到了孩子睡觉的时候了。 (7)It is the first(second...)time that...该句型要和上一个句型区别开来,该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气,而要用完成时态,如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,后面从句用现在完成时态,如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时,该结构中that 可以省略,it 有时用this 替换。常译为(是第一、二次…) It is the first time I have been here.=This is the first time I have been here. 这是我第一次来这里。 (8)It is...since...该句型主要用来处理瞬间动词和与表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题,主句中是时间作表语,其时态是现在时或完成时,since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时,而且是瞬间的动作,如果主句是一般过去时,从句则用过去完成时, It is(has been) 5 years since his father died. 他父亲死了5年了。 (9)It is...when...该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句,主句中的it 指的是时间,表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……时候,是……”。 It was 5 o’clock when he came here.当他来这里的时候是5点。 (10)It be...before...该句型中的it 指时间,主句中的时态是一般将来时或过去时两种时态。主句中的表语多是long,not long,3 days,2 weeks等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为“……之前有多长时间”。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.3天后他去了北京。 It will be not long before he finishes his job.不久他就会做完工作。 (11)It happens (seems/looks/appears) that...该句型中it 是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,主句中的happen,seem 等词是不及物动词。意思是“碰巧……”或“看来……”等。 It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧他在街道上遇到了他的老师。 It seems that he will be back in a few days. 好像他过几天就回来。 (12)It takes sb....to do sth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语,it 是形式主语,句型中的直接宾语是时间,常译为“做……要花费某人……” It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 修建长城花了成千上万人好多年时间。 (13)It is no good(use) doing sth. 该句中的真正主语是动名词短语,主句中的表语可以是no good(not any good),no use(not any use)。 It is no good learning English without speaking it.学英语不说英语是没有用处的。 (14)It is kind(of sb.) to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正的主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语由of引起,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有:bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good,honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice,polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong等。这个句型可以改为sb.is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so.=You are kind to say so.你这样说真是太好了。 (15)It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth.该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语由for引起,主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有:important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,rare,impossible,pleasant等。前三个形容词作表语可以用从句改写,如: It is important for her to come to the party.=It is important that she (should) come to the party. 她来参加晚会很重要。 (16)It looks(seems) as if...该句型中it无意义。as if 引导一个状语从句,常译为“看起来好像……”,如果与事实不相符合,则用虚拟语气。 It looks as if he is ill.(真的病了) It looks as if he were ill.(没有生病) (17)We think it important to learn a foreign language.该句中的it作形式宾语,为了方便记忆可称该句型为“6123”结构。6指主句中常用的动词:think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,1指的是形式宾语it,2指的是宾补的两种形式,形容词或名词。3指的是真正的宾语三种形式,不定式短语,动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.我们认为每天打扫教室是我们的责任。 He felt it important learning English well.他感到学好英语很重要。 They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days. 他们发现两天内完成他们的工作很困难。 3.走出误区

  (1)在“It is+adj./n./过去分词+that...”结构中that从句用虚

  拟语气的情况要特别注意。常用的形容词有:strange,

  natural,proper,necessary,right,wrong,fortunate,

  important等。常用的名词有a pity,a shame,a desire等。

  that从句中用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。 (2)it 作指代用法时与one,that,those的区别 it 替代上文提到的同一事物,该事物为可数名词单数或不可数名词。

  Look! It’s so good a ring,but I have no money to buy it.看,这戒指多好看啊,但我没钱买它。 —Do you have a camera?——你有照相机吗? —No,but my father has one.He bought it a week ago.没有,可我父亲有一架,他一个星期前买的。 (3)one 替代上文提到的同类可数名词,表泛指,它的复数形式是ones。 This is a point of idiom rather than one of grammar.

  这是习语的要点,而不是语法的要点。 I want big apples,not small ones.我要大苹果,不要小的。 (4)that可替代上文提到的可数名词单数和不可数名词,一般表同类中的特指。 The weather in the north is better than that in the south.北方的天气比南方的好。 The study of idiom is as important as that of grammar.学习习语和学习语法同样重要。 (5)those 可替代上文提到的复数名词,前面可不用限定词,

  但常有后置修饰语。 The relics found were those of an earlier time.所发现的遗迹 是较早年代的。 语法专练 1.—Have you heard the latest news?

  —No,what ________?

  A.is it

  B.is there

  C.are they

  D.are those 解析:句意为:——你听说最新消息了吗?——没有,什么消 息?题干上文中“news”是不可数名词,下文中的代词应指代这 一名词,而选项C中的“they” 与选项D中的“those”均指代复数 名词,应被排除,“is there”句式错误,A项中的it指代单数名词 或不可数名词,且与上下文中的名词为同一事件,故选A项。 答案:A 9.existence n.存在,实有;生活,生活方式

  【精讲拓展】

  exist vi.存在,实有,生存

  exist in 在于……

  exist on =live on 靠……生存

  existing adj.(置于名词前)现存的,现行的

  come into existence出现,产生

  in existence存在,现存

  bring sth.into existence 使某物出现,产生

  警示误区:形容词existing只能置于名词前,不作表语。 【典型例句】

  There are three different versions of his health record currently in

  existence. 目前他有3份不同的健康记录。

  [朗文当代] Modern cosmology believes the universe to have come into existence about fifteen billion years ago. 现代宇宙论认为,宇宙大约在150亿年前就已经形成了。[剑桥高阶] The custom of arranged marriages still exists in many countries. 许多国家仍然存在着包办婚姻的习俗。

  [朗文当代] The hostages existed on bread and water for over 5 months. 人质靠面包和水生存了5个多月。

  [朗文当代] 即学即用 ⑩Jack doesn’t believe in the ________ of God.

  A.life

  B.exist

  C.existence

  D.exhibition

  解析:本题考查existence 的用法,此处缺名词“存在”,

  故选C。句意为:杰克不相信上帝的存在。

  答案:C 10.considerate adj.考虑周到的

  【精讲拓展】

  be considerate towards 对……关心体谅

  It is considerate of sb.to do 某人做某事真是体贴人

  a considerable amount of time 相当多的时间

  considering prep.&conj.考虑到,就……而言

  in consideration of...考虑到……,作为对……的回报

  take sth.into consideration 把某事考虑在内

  under consideration 在考虑中的

  out of consideration for...出于对……的考虑

  警示误区:consider vt. ①考虑,后接名词、代词、动名词、疑问词+to do sth. ②认为,consider sb./sth.+as+名词/形容词 consider + that从句 【典型例句】

  It’s considerably colder today.今天冷多了。 [朗文当代]

  I’m considering applying for that job.我在考虑申请那份

  工作。

  [朗文当代]

  I consider this the most beautiful park in town.我认为

  这是城里最美的公园。

  [美国传统]

  She’s under a lot of stress,and you have to take that

  into consideration.

  她压力特别大,你得考虑到这一点。

  [美国传统] 即学即用 ⑪Taiwan­born filmmaker Ang Lee won the best director Oscar at

  the 78th Academy Awards,________ the highest honor in

  American movie fields.

  A.to consider

  B.considering

  C.consider

  D.considered

  解析:本题考查consider及其过去分词的用法。前面主句是完整

  的。consider与the 78th Academy Awards为被动关系,故选D。

  答案:D 重点知语 1.refer to 提到,谈到,涉及;参考,查阅;认为

  【精讲拓展】

  refer oneself to 求助于,依赖

  refer to sb./sth.as...称某人/某物为……

  refer to sb.for information 向某人打听消息

  in/with reference 关于

  without reference to 不管,和……无关 【典型例句】 In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays. 在其自传中,她偶尔提及了她不幸的学生时代。

  [剑桥高阶] Complete the exercises without referring to a dictionary. 请在不查阅词典的情况下完成练习。

  [朗文当代] I am writing with/in reference to(=in connection with) your letter of 15 March. 现就3月15日贵函致复。

  [剑桥高阶] 【词语辨析】

  refer to/look up

  两者都有“查阅”的意思。

  (1)refer to 后主要接工具书或资料,如词典,笔记,参考书等。

  (2)look up主要指通过工具书查找具体的内容,即 look up

  sth.in。

  If you want to look up his number,you can refer to the

  telephone book.

  如果你要查他的号码,你可以查阅这本电话簿。 即学即用 ⑫The problem just ________ to be discussed at the next

  morning.

  A.referred to

  B.referred to be

  C.referring to is

  D.referred to is

  解析:本题考查refer to 的用法,refer to谈到,此处是过

  去分词短语作problem的定语,系动词is的主语是problem。

  答案:D 2.lead to引起,导致,通往,通到

  【精讲拓展】

  (1)lead to/result in/cause 导致,引起

  (2)lead sb.to do sth.使某人干某事

  (3)lead sb.to + n.带领某人通往/到……

  (4)lead sb.in doing sth.带领某人做某事

  (5)动词+介词to 构成的常用短语有:

  belong to属于

  be used to 习惯于

  compare...to...把……比作……

  contribute to 为……做贡献 devote...to 献身于……,致力于…… get down to 开始认真做…… look forward to 期盼 object to 反对 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 参观,拜访 refer to 提到,涉及 stick to 坚持 turn to 转向,求助于,翻到 警示误区:(5)中的词组to 是介词,其后跟动词时,要用动词的­ing形式。 【典型例句】 The bank has offered a reward for any information leading to the arrest of the men. 银行悬赏情报,以便将这些人绳之以法。

  [朗文当代] An official led me along the corridor to a large office. 一位官员领我沿着走廊走到一间大办公室。

  [朗文当代] The brochure led me to believe that the price included home delivery. 这本小册子使我相信价格中包含送货费。

  [剑桥高阶] All roads lead to Rome.条条大道通罗马。 即学即用 ⑬The discovery of new evidence led to ________.

  A.the thief having caught

  B.catch the thief

  C.the thief being caught

  D.the thief to be caught

  解析:本题考查lead to的用法。lead to 导致,to为介词,排除

  B项,the thief(贼)与catch(逮)之间是被动关系,排除A项,根

  据题意贼已被抓,排除D项,故答案为C。

  答案:C 重点句型 1.Without

  these

  naturally occurring gases,the

  sun’s rays would bounce back into space leaving

  the Earth cold and impossible to live on.如果没有这

  些自然产生的气体,太阳的能量将会被反射回太空去,

  地球将处于寒冷之中,而不适合生命的存在。 【精讲拓展】 (1)句中would bounce back 用的虚拟语气,是对现在情况的一般

  假设,而假设的条件由句首的without引出。

  Without the sun,there would be no life on earth.

  没有太阳,地球上就不会有生命。

  Darling,without you,I could not live on.

  亲爱的,没有你,我就活不下去了。 (2)句中leaving...是v.­ing短语作结果状语。当v.­ing短语作结果状

  语时,常位于句尾。

  Men have gone to the city for jobs,leaving women and

  children in the village.

  男人们进城找工作去了,村里剩下妇女和儿童。 (3)句中leaving...所用的结构是leave sth.+形容词,表示“将某人

  或某物置于某种状态”。

  Tom,leave the window open.I want some fresh air in.

  汤姆,让窗子开着。我想让新鲜空气进来。

  Don’t leave her alone.She might do something stupid.

  别让她一个人呆着。她也许会干蠢事的。

  leave+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词,副词,现在分词,过去

  分词)的常见形式有: (1)I wish you’d stop leaving the door open.

  我希望你别老开着门。 (2)Leave the television on,will you?

  开着电视,好吗?

  (3)Carla’s narrow escape left her shaking with terror.

  卡拉死里逃生,吓得浑身发抖。 (4)The trial left a lot of questions unanswered.

  试验留下了许多没有得到解答的问题。 即学即用 ⑭He went to bed without turning off the gas,________ a

  disaster.

  A.to lead to

  B.led to

  C.leading to

  D.to be leading to

  解析:考查v.­ing短语作结果状语。句意:他睡觉没关煤

  气,结果导致了一场灾难。

  答案:C 翻译句子 ⑮没有电的生活会是怎样的呢?

  ____________________________________________________ ⑯当你睡觉时,你最好让窗子关着。

  You’d better ________ the windows ________ when you are

  asleep. What would the life be like without electricity? leave closed 2.An even greater number of people live at risk,to some

  degree,from earthquakes which have claimed more than 1.6

  million lives in the last hundreds years.从某种程度上来说,有

  更多的人处在地震的危险之中,在过去的几百年间地震已经夺

  去了160多万人的生命。

  【精讲拓展】

  句中 to some degree 从某种程度上说,为插入语。一般对一句话

  作一些附加的说明。常见的插入语有形容词(词组),副词,不定

  式,现在分词短语,介词短语,从句以及固定短语等。 【归纳拓展】 (1)常见的介词短语作插入语的有:in fact;in addition;in a word;on the other hand;in other words;in one’s opinion;in that case;by the way;of course;as a result;to one’s surprise;for example;on the contrary(相反);in a way(在某点上,在某种程度上);for one thing;for another(thing) 等。 (2)常见的形容词(词组),副词作插入语的有:sure enough(果然);strange;worse still(更糟糕的是);most important(更重要的是);honestly;obviously;however;otherwise;luckily;unfortunately;besides;first;second;especially;surprisingly等。 (3)常见的不定式作插入语的有:to tell the truth;to be short(简单地);to begin with(首先);to be sure(自然,当然,果然);to be honest/frank;to make things worse;to make a long story short;to speak of(值得一提的是)等。这些插入语表示说话人的态度,在句子中作独立成分。 (4)常见的现在分词短语作插入语的有:generally speaking;frankly speaking;judging from/by;talking of(谈到);considering(考虑到);putting it mildly(说的客气一点)等;这些分词用来修饰全句。 警示误区:插入语的位置,可放在句首,句中,句末,一般用逗号或分号隔开。 【典型例句】 The hotel itself can accommodate 80 guests and,in addition,there are several self­catering apartments.旅馆本身能容纳80位客人,除此之外,还有几个可供自己做饭的套房。 Sure enough,Mike managed to get through.迈克果然完成了任务。 Well,to tell you the truth,I’ve never really liked her. 唉,实话对你说吧,我从来就没有真正喜欢过她。 Talk

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