作为四六级改革后的新题型,段落信息匹配题以它的长篇幅、多段落、难对应“闻名”。很多同学因为没有掌握正确的做题方法,在这一题型上耗费了大把宝贵时间,影响后续其他题目做题;又或者因为耐不住性子看题和文章而胡乱选一通,命中率自然也就低了。
那么,到底有没有什么好的解题技巧,可以在考试时候帮助提高命中率呢?答案是:当然有!长篇阅读其实是从改革前的快速阅读题型改编而来,其归根结底还是考查快速扫读、获取信息的能力。所谓快速阅读,是指在短时间内迅速找到并提取关键信息。在不要求全部读完甚至完全读懂的情况下,你要做的就是在文章段落里尽可能又快又准确地找到和题干匹配的段落。也就是说,比拼眼力、比拼速度是关键!在此,笔者推荐大家采取“先题后文”的提速策略。
之所以要采取“先题后文”的策略,是因为先阅读内容较少的题干,再去匹配内容较多的各个段落,大脑记忆的信息量会相对较少,便于定位和匹配。而在实际提取题干关键信息的过程中,注意观察是否有如下两类词:大写字母(人名、地名、机构名和专有名词等)和带连字符的单词。这两类单词因为本身说法固定,不容易替换成其他词。
例如:
Gender-awareness education is becoming more and more popular in state-subsidized preschools in Sweden.
A) On the surface, Sweden appears to be a feminist, paradise. Look at any global survey of gender equality and Sweden will be near the top. Family-friendly policies are its norm-with 16 months of paid parental leave, special protections for part-time workers, and state-subsidized preschools where, according to a government website, "gender-awareness education is increasingly common." Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament. They have enjoyed the protection of government agencies with titles like the Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality and the Secretariat of Gender Research. So why are American women so far ahead of their Swedish counterparts in breaking through the glass ceiling? (2014.06 CET-6真题A)
在上述题干当中,既有带连字符的单词,又有大写字母的国家名,因此都选定为匹配的关键词。返回原文后发现,在A段同时出现了这三个词,即可快速锁定A段为正确答案。至于该段落到底在讲什么内容,已经无关紧要,完全可以节省时间做下一题。
除了这两类不易发生变化的词,数字、比较级、法律词汇、逻辑词等都可以作为关键词帮助定位。当这些相对特殊的词汇都没有出现时,则考虑划出基本的实词。在返回原文进行匹配时,可以重点关注段首、段尾这些中心句、主题句常出现的地方,题干的信息也往往在此提及。
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