剑桥词典2019年度词汇出炉 “升级回收”体现环保关切

剑桥词典网站日前发布消息称，“upcycling”（升级回收）被确定为2019年年度词汇。这个词指的是将无用及不需要的产品，转化为质量更好或具有环境价值的新材料或产品。

Cambridge Dictionary has named 'upcycling', the activity of making new items out of old or used things, as its Word of the Year 2019.

剑桥词典近日将“upcycling”（升级回收）评为2019年年度词汇。“升级回收”指的是用旧的或使用过的东西制造新物品的活动。

Upcycling was chosen as the ‘Word of the Day’ which resonated most strongly with followers on the Dictionary’s Instagram account. The noun – defined as the activity of making new furniture, objects, etc. out of old or used things or waste material – received more likes than any other ‘Word of the Day’ when shared on 4 July 2019.

“升级回收”一词被选为最能引起剑桥词典Instagram账户粉丝共鸣的“每日一词”。 这个名词被定义为用旧的或使用过的东西甚至废品制作新家具、物品等的活动。2019年7月4日，剑桥词典在Instagram账户上分享这个词汇时，它获得的点赞量超过其他所有的“每日一词”。

The number of times upcycling has been looked up on the Cambridge Dictionary website has risen by 181% since December of 2011, when it was first added to the online dictionary, and searches have doubled in the last year alone.

自2011年12月首次被收入剑桥词典网站以来，“升级回收”一词的搜索量增长了181%，仅去年一年的搜索量就增加了一倍。

"We think it's the positive idea behind upcycling that appeals more than the word itself," said Wendalyn Nichols, Publishing Manager of the Cambridge Dictionary. "Stopping the progression of climate change, let alone reversing it, can seem impossible at times. Upcycling is a concrete action a single human being can take to make a difference.

剑桥词典的出版经理温德林•尼科尔斯说：“我们认为，‘升级回收’一词背后的积极意义比这个词本身更吸引人。阻止气候变化的进程，更不用说扭转它，有时似乎是不可能的。‘升级回收’是每个人可以为此做出改变的具体行动。”

"Lookups of upcycling reflect the momentum around individual actions to combat climate change — the youth activism sparked by Greta Thunberg; the growing trends of vegan, flexitarian and plant-based diets; reading and following the handbook There is No Planet B; or fashion designers upcycling clothes to create their latest collections."

“对‘升级回收’一词的搜索反映了个人应对气候变化行动的趋势——由格蕾塔·通贝里发起的青年活动；纯素食、弹性素食和植物性饮食的增长趋势；阅读并遵循《没有第二个地球》手册，以及时装设计师们对衣服进行‘升级回收’来打造最新服装系列。”

Other words on the shortlist for Word of the Year 2019 reflect the same concern with the effects of climate change, for instance:

其他入围的2019年度词汇也反映了对于气候变化影响同样的担忧，比如：

carbon sink noun

碳汇（名词）

An area of forest that is large enough to absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide from the earth's atmosphere and therefore to reduce the effect of global warming

森林面积大到足以吸收地球大气中大量的二氧化碳，从而减少全球变暖的影响

compostable adjective

可堆肥的（形容词）

Something that is compostable can be used as compost when it decays

可用来制作肥料的东西，腐烂后可以用作堆肥

The Cambridge Dictionary editors use data from the website, blogs, and social media to identify and prioritise new additions to the Dictionary. They identified upcycling as a word to include after noticing a spike in searches for the word in 2010.

剑桥词典的编辑们使用来自网站、博客和社交媒体的数据来识别和优先考虑词典的新词条。他们在2010年注意到“升级回收”的搜索量激增，于是将之收录进来。

A recent addition is the noun plastic footprint, defined as a measurement of the amount of plastic that someone uses and then discards, considered in terms of the resulting damage caused to the environment. This word, first identified by traditional citation gathering, received 1,048 votes in the New Words blog poll, with 61% of readers opting for the phrase to be added to Cambridge Dictionary.

剑桥词典最近新增了“塑料足迹”这个词，用来衡量一个人使用和丢弃塑料的数量，及其对环境造成的破坏。这个词最初是由传统的引文收集方式确定的，在新词博客投票中获得1048票，61%的读者选择将这个用语收入剑桥词典。

citation[saɪˈteɪʃn]：n.引用，引证

Cambridge University Press has been publishing dictionaries for learners of English since 1995. Cambridge Dictionary began offering these dictionaries completely free of charge online in 1999. Celebrating its 20th birthday this year, Cambridge Dictionary is the top learner dictionary website on the planet, currently serving 394 million unique visitors a year.

剑桥大学出版社从1995年开始为英语学习者出版字典。剑桥词典从1999年开始提供完全免费的在线词典。今年是剑桥词典诞生20周年，剑桥词典网站是全球最大的学习词典网站，目前每年有3.94亿独立访客。