6月6日是第23个全国爱眼日。4日上午,国家卫生健康委员会召开专题资讯发布会,介绍儿童青少年科学防控近视情况以及刚刚发布的《近视防治指南》《弱视诊治指南》和《斜视诊治指南》三部指南。
近年来,儿童青少年的近视问题日益严重且低龄趋势明显,已成为重大社会公共卫生问题。今天我们就来看看和“近视”相关的表达。
近视
近视的医学专业术语是myopia,但是日常生活中人们都不会说,通常大家会说nearsighted / shortsighted。
Tom is nearsighted/shortsighted because he used to play games in darkness whole night long.
汤姆近视是因为他过去经常晚上在黑夜里玩一整晚游戏。
远视
远视的医学专业术语是hyperopia,但是同样,人们也不会这样说,一般会说farsighted/ longsighted。嗯,和近视的单词其实是对应的。
Lily's grandpa is farsighted so he needs to hold the newspaper far from eyes.
莉莉的爷爷有远视,所以报纸总要拿得很远。
散光
散光的名词是astigmatism,如果要表达自己有散光可以说:I am astigmatic.
度数
在中文中,我们会说“我近视200度”、“我散光100度”,于是,当我们要用英文来表达自己的度数时,第一反应就是“degree”,然而你这么说,也不会有人听懂...
英文中有两个词是表达眼睛度数的:prescription和diopters
不同的是,prescription 指的是眼睛的度数,而diopters则是眼睛度数的单位,也就是屈光度。
negative diopters (近视度数)
positive diopters(远视度数)
通常配眼镜或者问别人眼睛度数的时候,可以说:
What's your eyeglasses prescription?
What is your eyesight?
How good is your vision?
如果想回答“我近视/远视400度”,可以说:
I am nearsighted/farsighted with 4.0 diopters.
再给大家补充一些相关知识:
眼镜还有另一种说法:spectacles,其实和glasses是同等用法,只不过是spectacles这个单词比较正式,一般人不会这么说话罢了...
隐形眼镜:contact lenses
眼科医生:eye doctor/ophthalmologist
无框眼镜:rimless glasses
角膜:cornea
瞳孔:pupil
眼球:eyeball
近视不深、颇深、极深的说法:mildly/moderately/ severely shortsighted.
眼保健操:eye exercises
想去配眼镜,最直接的表达就是:get a pair of glasses
关于近视的表达:
1. I'll have my sight tested tomorrow. My vision is a little blurry recently.
最近看东西有点模糊,我明天去检查视力。
2. He finally realized that he was shortsighted and went to the optician.
他终于明白他眼睛近视了,于是去配了眼镜。
3. You'll go cross-eyed.
你会变斜视眼的。
4. I have high astigmatism, and at night when I look at the stars or streetlamps, the light distorts into a diamond like shape.
我散光度数很高,晚上看星星或路灯的时候,觉得灯光看起来像钻石的光芒一样。
5. I have double-vision.
我有复视。
6. You may wear a patch over your good eye to help fix your lazy eye.
在视力正常的眼睛上带个眼罩有利于纠正另一只眼睛的弱视。
7. How strong are your glasses? 4 diopters.
你近视多少度?四百度。
8. Her eyesight grew dim with age.
她的视力因年岁的增长而变差了。
9. Some people can have their vision restored by a surgical operation.
有些人可以通过外科手术恢复视力。
10. You're so lucky to have 20/20 vision.
你有1.0的视力,真幸运。
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