英语语法：非谓语动词做表语

　　做表语用的非谓语动词有：不定式(todo)，动名词(doing)，和分词(done，doing)

　　不定式做表语

　　1.Her wish was to become an artist.她的愿望是成为一位艺术家。

　　2.The most important thing is to put the ory into practice.最重要的是要把理论应用到实践。

　　3.Our aim is to help them，not to teach them a lesson.我们的目的是帮助他们，而不是教训他们。

　　总结：不定式做表语表示主语的具体内容，如例1;表示将来的动作，如例2;表示目的，如例3。因此，在表示“目的，愿望，梦想，需求等名词做主语时其表语应该用不定式.

　　4.What he did was___(wait)答案：wait或是to wait

　　分析：当主语部分含do这个实义词，表语所说的是do的具体内容，这时表语部分的动词用todo或do的形式。

　　例如：All that he could do was(to) comfort her.他所能做的一切就是安慰她。

　　动名词做表语

　　1.My job is teaching.(Teaching is my job.)

　　2.Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。

　　总结：动名词做表语，表示抽象概念。动名词做表语一般用来表示“身份，职业等.大部分时候主语与表语可以互换，如例1。此外，还要注意主语与表语的一致性，如例2。例2还可以说成：To see is to believe.

　　[比较]一般来说，表示比较抽象的一般行为时多用动名词做表语;表示具体某次动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用不定式.

　　例如：Their job is building houses.他们的工作是盖房子.

　　Our task now is to develop our economy.我们的任务是发展经济.

　　有时两者都可以用，没有什么差别.

　　例如：What she likes is watching the children play.(=What she likes is to watch the children play.)她喜欢的是看孩子们玩.

　　分词做表语

　　首先做一些练习

　　1.The situation is____(encourage).

　　2.The door remained____(lock)when he came again.

　　答案：1.encouraging 2.locked

　　总结：surprise，interest，excite，puzzle，disappoint，astonish，encourage，inspire，shock，move等及物动词用做表语时，要看其与主语的关系。如果与主语为主动关系，则用-ing形式，表示主语的特征。如果是被动关系，用-done这种形式，表示主语的状态。

　　如：The news astonished us.这句话就表明了the news与astonish为主动关系。astonish与us为被动关系。那么就可以直接得出以下两个句子：

　　1)The news was astonishing.

　　2)We were astonished(by the news).

　　练习：

　　3.She looked_____(disappoint).

　　4.The news is quite___(astonish).

　　答案：3.disappointed 4.astonishing

　　有时候动词的过去分词作用在be动词之后，并非是被动语态，而是做表语表示事物存在的状态。如：

　　5.The bottles are broken.杯子都破了。

　　选择最佳答案：

　　1The speech was so _____that they were all____.

　　A.inspiring;exciting B.inspiring;excited C.inspired;excite D.inspired;exciting

　　2.Her wish is ___an engineer.

　　A.becoming B.become C.to become D.being come

　　3.Some people's greatest pleasure is______.

　　A.fishing B.to fish C.to be fishing D.being fish

　　4.The report was so____that they were all_____.

　　A.inspiring，exciting B.inspiring，excited C.inspired，excited D.inspired，exciting

　　5.--“You look pale.

　　--“I feel a little______.

　　A.tire B.tired C.tiring D.tiresome

　　6.As we joined the big crowd I got_____________ from my friends.

　　A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed

　　7.Her son，to whom she was so_____，went abroad ten years ago.

　　A.loved B.cared C.devoted D.affected

　　8.It is believed that if a book is_______，it will surely_________the readers.

　　A.interested;interest B.interesting;beinterested C.interested;beinteresting D.interesting;interest

　　9.From his_____expression，we could see he was_____.

　　A.puzzled;puzzling B.puzzled;puzzled C.puzzling;puzzling D.puzzling;puzzled

　　10.Allthat I did all the morning was_____the meal.

　　A.prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.to have prepared

　　Keys：

　　BCABBACDBA