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英语语法:非谓语动词做表语

发布时间:2013-01-08  编辑:查字典英语网小编

 

  做表语用的非谓语动词有:不定式(todo),动名词(doing),和分词(done,doing)

  不定式做表语

  1.Her wish was to become an artist.她的愿望是成为一位艺术家。

  2.The most important thing is to put the ory into practice.最重要的是要把理论应用到实践。

  3.Our aim is to help them,not to teach them a lesson.我们的目的是帮助他们,而不是教训他们。

  总结:不定式做表语表示主语的具体内容,如例1;表示将来的动作,如例2;表示目的,如例3。因此,在表示“目的,愿望,梦想,需求等名词做主语时其表语应该用不定式.

  4.What he did was___(wait)答案:wait或是to wait

  分析:当主语部分含do这个实义词,表语所说的是do的具体内容,这时表语部分的动词用todo或do的形式。

  例如:All that he could do was(to) comfort her.他所能做的一切就是安慰她。

  动名词做表语

  1.My job is teaching.(Teaching is my job.)

  2.Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。

  总结:动名词做表语,表示抽象概念。动名词做表语一般用来表示“身份,职业等.大部分时候主语与表语可以互换,如例1。此外,还要注意主语与表语的一致性,如例2。例2还可以说成:To see is to believe.

  [比较]一般来说,表示比较抽象的一般行为时多用动名词做表语;表示具体某次动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式.

  例如:Their job is building houses.他们的工作是盖房子.

  Our task now is to develop our economy.我们的任务是发展经济.

  有时两者都可以用,没有什么差别.

  例如:What she likes is watching the children play.(=What she likes is to watch the children play.)她喜欢的是看孩子们玩.

  分词做表语

  首先做一些练习

  1.The situation is____(encourage).

  2.The door remained____(lock)when he came again.

  答案:1.encouraging 2.locked

  总结:surprise,interest,excite,puzzle,disappoint,astonish,encourage,inspire,shock,move等及物动词用做表语时,要看其与主语的关系。如果与主语为主动关系,则用-ing形式,表示主语的特征。如果是被动关系,用-done这种形式,表示主语的状态。

  如:The news astonished us.这句话就表明了the news与astonish为主动关系。astonish与us为被动关系。那么就可以直接得出以下两个句子:

  1)The news was astonishing.

  2)We were astonished(by the news).

  练习:

  3.She looked_____(disappoint).

  4.The news is quite___(astonish).

  答案:3.disappointed 4.astonishing

  有时候动词的过去分词作用在be动词之后,并非是被动语态,而是做表语表示事物存在的状态。如:

  5.The bottles are broken.杯子都破了。

  选择最佳答案:

  1The speech was so _____that they were all____.

  A.inspiring;exciting B.inspiring;excited C.inspired;excite D.inspired;exciting

  2.Her wish is ___an engineer.

  A.becoming B.become C.to become D.being come

  3.Some people's greatest pleasure is______.

  A.fishing B.to fish C.to be fishing D.being fish

  4.The report was so____that they were all_____.

  A.inspiring,exciting B.inspiring,excited C.inspired,excited D.inspired,exciting

  5.--“You look pale.

  --“I feel a little______.

  A.tire B.tired C.tiring D.tiresome

  6.As we joined the big crowd I got_____________ from my friends.

  A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed

  7.Her son,to whom she was so_____,went abroad ten years ago.

  A.loved B.cared C.devoted D.affected

  8.It is believed that if a book is_______,it will surely_________the readers.

  A.interested;interest B.interesting;beinterested C.interested;beinteresting D.interesting;interest

  9.From his_____expression,we could see he was_____.

  A.puzzled;puzzling B.puzzled;puzzled C.puzzling;puzzling D.puzzling;puzzled

  10.Allthat I did all the morning was_____the meal.

  A.prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.to have prepared

  Keys:

  BCABBACDBA

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