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2017届河北省高三英语一轮复习55分钟课堂练习3 Word版含答案

发布时间:2017-04-20  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  第一部分 阅读理解

  A

  Pacing and Pausing

  Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve's new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.

  Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there's no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I'm finished or fail to take your turn when I'm finished. That's what was happening with Betty and Sara.

  It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.

  The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in--and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.

  That's why slight differences in conversational style---tiny little things like microseconds of pause---can have a great effect on one's life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems---even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.

  1. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her?

  A. Betty was talkative.

  B. Betty was an interrupter.

  C. Betty did not take her turn.

  D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.

  2. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns?

  A. Americans.

  B. Israelis.

  C. The British.

  D. The Finns.

  3. We can learn from the passage that __

  A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacing

  B. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the US

  C. one's inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimes

  D. one should receive training to build up one's confidence

  4. The underlined word "assertiveness" in the last paragraph probably means __

  A. being willing to speak one's mind

  B. being able to increase one's power

  C. being ready to make one's own judgment

  D. being quick to express one's ideas confidently

  C

  Decision-making under Stress

  A new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the possible negative (负面的) consequences of a decision.

  The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways.

  “Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather. “People learn better about positive than negative outcomes under stress.”

  For example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images(影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadn’t gone through the stress.

  This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress –at those moments, only the pleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also easily recalled.

  The research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differently in men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.

  Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk-taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better, when caution weighs more, however, women will win.

  This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.

  5.

  We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to ______.

  A. keep rewards better in their memory

  B. recall consequences more effortlessly

  C. make risky decisions more frequently

  D. learn a subject more effectively

  6.

  According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their ______.

  A. ways of making choices

  B. preference for pleasure

  C. tolerance of punishments

  D. responses to suggestions

  7. The research has proved that in a stressful situation, ______.

  A. women find it easier to fall into certain habits

  B. men have a greater tendency to slow down

  C. women focus more on outcomes

  D. men are more likely to take risks

  C

  Some people believe that a Robin Hood is at work,others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes,accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales (童话).

  The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained €10,000 with a cutting from the Braunschiveiger Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag; similar plain white anonymous (匿名)envelopes, each containing €10,000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.

  The envelopes keep coming, and; so far at least €190,000 has been distributed. Last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper 's own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the Braunschiveiger Zeitung opened an anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of € 500 inside with a copy of the article. The name of the family was underlined.

  “I was driving when I heard the news," Claudia Neumann, the boy's mother, told Der Spiegel magazine. “I had to park on the side of the road; I was speechless."

  The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.

  "For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing," Mrs. Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donator is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.

  Henning Noske,the editor of the Braunschiveiger Zeitung, said: "Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know." However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city's hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.

  8. The Braunschiveiger Zeitung is the name of ______.

  A. a church

  B. a bank

  C. a newspaper D. a magazine

  9. Which of the following is TRUE about the donation to Tom?

  A. The donation amounted to €190,000.

  B. The donation was sent directly to his house.

  C. The money will be used for his education.

  D. His mother felt astonished at the donation.

  10. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.

  A. the donator is a rich old man

  B. the donation will continue to come

  C. the donation comes from the newspaper

  D. the donator will soon be found out

  11. What would be the best title for the passage?

  A. Money Is Raised by the Newspaper.

  B. Newspaper Distributes Money to the Needy.

  C. Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes D. Robin Hood Returns to the City

  D

  Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it's because we have mirror neurons (神经元)in our brains.

  Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿)it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions,they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.

  Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains,but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages,and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: "The hand took hold of the ball"), the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).

  Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.

  Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact(互动).Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物)for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you'll understand why.

  12. Mirror neurons can explain _____.

  A. why we cry when we are hurt

  B. why we cough when we suffer from a cold

  C. why we smile when we see someone else smile

  D. why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late

  13. The underlined word "triggered" in the third paragraph probably means “____”.

  A. set off

  B. cut off

  C. built up

  D. broken up

  14. We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons _____.

  A. relate to human behavior and interaction B. control human physical actions and feelings

  C. result in bad behavior and social disorders D. determine our knowledge and language abilities

  15. What is the passage mainly about?

  A. Ways to find mirror neurons.

  B. Problems of mirror neurons.

  C. Existence of mirror neurons.

  D. Functions of mirror neurons.

  E(七选Muzak

  The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear?

  16

  It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.

  Quiet background music used to be called "elevator (电梯) music" because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name "Muzak". About one-third of the people in America listen to "Muzak" every day. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired.

  __17__

  If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why?

  18

  Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background.

  19

  Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.

  20 . They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!

  A. Some people don't like Muzak.

  B. The music gives them extra energy.

  C. Music is playing in the background.

  D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.

  E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.

  F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.

  G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.

  第 完形填空

  I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. I'm left 36

  . Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other 37

  ?

  I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, 38

  children from different races and religions played and studied 39

  in harmony. At that time my family lived a stone's 40

  from Ismail's. And no one was bothered that Ismail was a Malay Muslim and I was an Indian Hindu—we just 41

  our differences. Perhaps,our elders had not filled our heads with unnecessary advice, well 42

  or otherwise.

  We were nine when we became friends. During the school holidays, we 'd 43

  the countryside on our bicycles,hoping to 44

  the unexpected. At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town. We would be glad of his 45

  .

  When I was twelve, my family moved to Johor. Ismail's family later returned to their village, and I 46

  touch with him.

  One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I 47

  my destination. The driver acknowledged my 48

  but did not move off. Instead, he looked 49

  at me. “Raddar?" he said, using my childhood nickname (绰号).I was astonished at being so 50

  addressed (称呼).Unexpectedly! It was Ismail! Even after two 51

  we still recognized each other. Grasping his shoulder, I felt a true affection, something 52

  to describe.

  If we can allow our children to be 53

  without prejudice, they'll build friendships with people,regardless of race or religion, who will be 54

  their side through thick and thin. On such friendships are societies built and 55

  we can truly be, as William Shakespeare once wrote, “We happy few. We band of brothers".

  36. A. interested B. pleased C. puzzled D. excited

  37. A. parties B. cities

  C. villages D. races

  38. A. why B. which C. how D. when

  39. A. together B. around C. alone D. apart

  40. A. drop B. throw C. move D. roll

  41. A. refused B. made C. sought D. accepted

  42. A. paid B. meant C. preserved D. treated

  43. A. explore B. search C. discover D. desert

  44. A. get through B. deal with C. come across D. take away

  45. A. arrival B. choice C. effort D. company

  46. A. lost B. gained C. developed D. missed

  47. A. stated B. ordered C. decided D. chose

  48. A. attempts

  B. instructions C. opinions D. arrangements

  D. fixedly

  49. A.

  B. carelessly

  C. disappointedly

  50. A. familiarly

  B. strangely C. fully D. coldly

  51. A. departures B. months C. years D. decades

  52. A. possible B. funny C. hard D. clear

  53. A. them B. themselves C. us D. ourselves

  54. A. from B. by

  otherwise C. with D. against

  55. A. still B.

  C. then D. instead

  第三部分 语法填空

  It was a very cold evening, an old man was waiting for a ride across the river. He saw several horsemen pass by but he didn’t ask for any help. The wait seemed __1__(end).Then came another rider,the old man __2__(catch) his eye and said, “Sir, would you mind doing me a favor?”

  Stopping his horse,he replied, “Of course.” Almost __3__(freeze), the old man could not get __4__ the ground. The horseman helped him onto his horse. He took the old man not just across the river,__5__ to his home.

  “Sir, you didn’t even ask the other riders for help, why? What __6__ I had said ‘no’ and left you there?” the horseman asked.

  The old man looked at him straight in the eyes and said, “I looked into their eyes, I found they didn’t care,__7__ told me it would be useless, but when I looked into __8__, I saw kindness.”

  These words touched the rider deeply. “Thank you for __9__ you’ve said, I hope I will never be too busy to help others.” with that, Thomas Jefferson, the __10__(three) president of the US, turned his horse around and went away.

  第四部分:短文改错

  Ten years ago, I had worked as a night guard in a factory. On a rainy night, all the lights of factory went out all of a sudden. I rushed out and could see nothing. Lucky for me, the warning system was directly connected with the police station. Three or four minutes late, four police car arrived at the front gate. They searched for the factory carefully, tried to find something unusual. In the end, I am told that the rain had brought about the short circuit, that caused the accident.

  答案:CBCD

  AAD

  CDBC

  CAAD

  CBFDA

  CDDAB

  DBACD

  AABDA

  DCBBC

  1.[解析] 在语境中考查构词法。

  [答案] endless

  2.[解析] 考查语境中动词的变形和对时态的使用。

  [答案] caught

  3.[解析] 在语境中考查分词的使用。[答案] frozen

  4.[解析] 考查意义与词组的搭配。[答案] off

  5.[解析] 考查语境中转折连词的使用。[答案] but

  6.[解析] 考查对what if结构的掌握情况。[答案] if

  7.[解析] 考查定语从句在语境中的运用。[答案] which

  8.[解析] 考查名词性物主代词的掌握。[答案] yours

  9.[解析] 考查名词性从句引导词的使用。[答案] what

  10.[解析] 考查在语境中序数词的运用。[答案] third

  55分钟课堂练习

  集中识词

  Editor:方新杰

  Proofreader: 刘向丽

  第 三 期

  一轮复习

  2017-2017高三

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