在《名词修饰名词》一文里,谈到名词如何修饰另一名词,作用和形容词同。
这期要谈名词或名词短语修饰动词;这样的角色和副词或副词短语一样。
首先,名词或其短语可代替介词短语修饰动词,如:
(1) Member countries began their ministerial meeting on Monday.Member countries began their ministerial meeting Monday.
(2) Those fashionable cars were made in Japan.Those fashionable cars were Japan made.
(3) Tom is heavier than his brother by five pounds.Tom is five pounds heavier than his brother.
其次,名词或其短语可以代替副词分句修饰动词或形容词,如:
(4) The metal sheets are as thin as paper.The metal sheets are paper thin.
(5) The water has turned as pink as rose.The water has turned rose pink.
名词或名词短语修饰动词的语意有三:
⒈表示程度
这类修饰语大多数是表示数或量的名词。例如:
(6) Todays temperature rose five degrees.
(7) Toms car got bogged down in the mud and could not move a step further.
(8) The first underground train came five minutes fast.
(9) The zoo is only two miles away from our working place.
⒉表示方式。例如:
(10) Dont talk to us that way.
(11) Everyone is free to do it his own way.
(12) The kidnappers tied the boy hand and foot.
(13) The boss turned the illegal worker out of the factory bag and baggage.
(14) The government should move heaven and earth to prevent such events from recurring.
⒊表示时间。例如:
(15) Wait a minute here!
(16) The emergency meeting lasted two hours.
(17) Their grand daughters come to see them once a week.
值得特别注意的是某些名词与一些表示缺乏、具有、可能产生、具有倾向意义的形容词或过去分词组成一体时,也起副词作用,表示在方面,缺乏、具有、可能产生、具有倾向的意思。例如:
(18) The office was kept dust-free.(没有尘埃)
(19) They are knowledge-rich and resourceful.(知识丰富)
这些组合体常常是新颖的合成形容词(compound adjectives),如:
(20) Dont go to live in trouble-prone countries.(易出现麻烦的)
(21) How can the poor survive in grain-deficient villages?(缺谷粮的)
(22) Some big cities have been pollution-ridden beyond control.(充满污染的)
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 89:For sale
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 83:Going on holiday
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 63:Thank you,doctor
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 57:An unusual day
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 61:A bad cold
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 93:Our new neighbour
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 105:Full of mistakes
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 79:Carol’s shopping list
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 69:The car race 汽车比赛
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 39:Don’t drop it
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 71:He’s awful
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 49:At the butcher’s
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 131:Don’t be so sure
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 109:A good idea
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 137:A pleasant dream
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 97:A small blue case
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 47:A cup of coffee
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 73:The way to King Street
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 121:The man in the hat
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 81:Roast beef and potatoes
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 135: The latest report
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 129:Seventy miles an hour
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 67:The weekend
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 119:A true story
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 59:Is that all
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 113:Small change
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 133:Sensational news
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 101:A card from Jimmy
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 45:The boss’s letter
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 99:Owl
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