二、Summary的变体
我们已经对标准型的Summary进行了说明,那么Summary的变体是什么呢?我们来看看雅思题型中的Notes Completion。
所谓变体,即在符合Summary基本特征的同时具备某些特殊性。Notes Completion是 这样的么?让我们先回答几个问题:
Question One:Notes在这里指什么?
Answer:注意,这里的notes不是纸条,不是便签,而是笔记!
Question Two:我们一般什么时候记笔记?
Answer:上课,听讲座等时候都是taking notes的经典场合。
Question Three:怎么记笔记呢什么信息都可以放在笔记里面吗?
Answer:答案是否定的。出现在notes里的信息,首先要能够帮助读者掌握大意,而不是无关的细节。但同时,由于仅仅是notes,所以和Summary相比,相对缺乏内容的完整性和丰满性。从某种意义上说,notes更像是一个outline,通过一定的结构编写出来,间或插入一些用以示例的重要细节。
也正是因为厚一点,尽管看起来往往不像Summary那样是由完整、连续的多个句子所构成的段落,notes所包含的不完整的句子同样能够通过信息的编排方式体现出句子与句子之间、短语和短语之间的关系。而这,是notes之所以在本书被认为是Summary的变体的根本原因Summary一定要体现出前后文字间的特定逻辑。
另外,从纯粹的外观和完成答案的方式来看,Notes Completion也和Summary一样是填空题的一种,所以在内在的语法制约层面也是相似的。我们来看一些剑桥雅思系列中出现的Notes Completion的实例。
1. 整句型Notes Completion
Questions 8-13 (剑2 Test 3)
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE OR TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
In the first strategy, words with the lowest absenteeism in different periods would win prizes denoted by
In the second strategy, staff were given more control over their
In the third strategy, nurses who appeared to be taking ... sick leave or were identified and counseled.
Initially, there was a per cent decrease in absenteeism.
The first strategy was considered ineffective and stopped. The second and third strategies generally resulted in better among staff.
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