2016届高考英语一轮复习课件：第一部分模块复习方略 选修六 Unit16(北师大版)

　　4．Barbara often makes a schedule to get herself reminded(remind)of what she is to do in the day. 5．They will have you arrested(arrest)if you don’t pay taxes，because it is everyone’s duty to pay taxes.

　　阅读理解解题样板(七)　社会文化类 [精读语篇](新课标Ⅰ，阅读C) It happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a brilliantly(精彩地)written book”．However，he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar. And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven’t.In the World Book Day’s “Report on Guilty Secrets”， Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists ten books，and various authors，which people have lied about reading，and as I’m not one to lie too often(I’d hate to be caught out)，I’ll admit here and now that I haven’t read the entire top ten.But I am pleased to say that，unlike 42 percent of people，I have read the book at number one，George Orwell’s 1984.I think it’s really brilliant. The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it.It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen，Charles Dickens，Fyodor Dostoevsky(I haven’t read him，but haven’t lied about it either)and Herman Melville. Asked why they lied，the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more in­depth! But when asked which authors they actually enjoy，people named J．K.Rowling，John Grisham，Sophie Kinsella(ah，the big sellers，in other words)．Forty­two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story(I’ll come clean: I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)．

　　[题目试做](建议用时：7分钟) 64．How did the author find his friend a book liar? A．By judging his manner of speaking. B．By looking into his background. C．By mentioning a famous name. D．By discussing the book itself. 65．Which of the following is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report? A．Charles Dickens is very low on the top­ten list. B．42% of people pretended to have read 1984. C．The author admitted having read 9 books. D．Dreams From My Father is hardly read. 66．By lying about reading，a person hopes to________． A．control the conversation B．appear knowledgeable C．learn about the book D．make more friends 67．What is the author’s attitude to 58% of readers? A．Favorable. B．Uncaring. C．Doubtful.

　　D．Friendly. [读文样板] 一、理清文章脉络 本文为一篇议论文。作者就奥巴马写的一本书同朋友进行交谈，发现朋友撒谎说看过这本书，从而引出本文要讨论的主题：有些人撒谎说他们读过某本书，其实他们根本没有读。他们撒谎主要是想给别人留下深刻的印象。 第一段：作者就奥巴马的一本书与朋友交谈，发现朋友撒谎。 第二、三、四段：世界读书日的报告显示，与作者的朋友一样没读过而假装读过某本书的人为数不少，并探讨了其原因。 第五段：42%的被调查的人承认他们未读完故事前先翻到最后看结尾。

　　二、破解阅读障碍 (一)怎样破解生僻词汇 1．tricky adj.难对付的；诡计多端的 破解方法：利用派生构词法。trick(n.& v．诡计；欺骗)＋­y(形容词后缀)＝tricky(难对付的；诡计多端的) 2．in­depth adj.彻底的，深入的 破解方法：利用合成构词法。in(prep.表示状态或状况)＋depth(n.深入，详细，全面)＝in­depth(彻底的，深入的) (二)怎样破解长难句 The

　　report lists ten books，and various authors，

　　which people have lied about reading，

　　and as I’m

　　not one to lie too often (I’d hate to be caught out)，

　　I’ll admit here and now that I haven’t_read_the_entire

　　top ten． 分句1的主谓 非限制性定语从句 连接词 原因状语从句 分句2的主谓 宾语从句 译文：这个报告列举了十本不同作者的被人们谎称读过的书。而我作为一个不太说谎的人(我讨厌被抓到)，此刻在这里我要承认这十本书我没有全读过。 [解题样板]

　　[分析]　D　根据第一段的倒数第二句可知，作者与朋友进一步交流对奥巴马所写的书的看法。根据朋友所说的话，作者断定他根本没有读过这本书。 64.作者是如何发现他的朋友是一个阅读撒谎者的？ 信息源 选项特征 A.通过判断他说话的方式。 文中未提及 无中生有 B.通过调查他的背景。 第一段倒 颠倒是非 C.通过提到一个著名的名字。 文中未提及 无中生有 D.通过谈论这本书本身。 第一段倒 数第二句 合理推断

　　[分析]　B　根据第二段的倒数第二句并结合上文“The report lists ten books，and various authors，which people have lied about reading”可知，42%的人撒谎说读过《1984》这本书。 65.根据世界读书日的报告，下面哪一项是“愧疚小秘密”？ 信息源 选项特征 A.查尔斯·狄更斯在前十名中的排名非常低。 文中未提及 无中生有 B.42%的人假装已读过《1984》这本书。 第二段五句 合理推断 C.作者承认已读了9本书。 第二段第三句 颠倒是非 D.Dreams From My Father很少被阅读。 第二段第三句 曲解文意

　　[分析]　B　根据文章第四段的第一句可知，撒谎说读过某本书的人是为了给别人留下深刻的印象，表现出知识渊博的样子，由此可推知B项正确。 66.通过撒谎说读过，人们希望________． 信息源 选项特征 A.掌控谈话 文中未提及 无中生有 B.显示知识渊博 第四段第一句 综合概括 C.了解这本书 文中未提及 无中生有 D.交更多的朋友 文中未提及 无中生有

　　　[分析]　C　根据文章最后一句可知，作者坦承自己这样做过，并吃惊于58%的人说从来没这样做过，表明了作者对于这些人说法的怀疑。 67.作者对58%的读者的态度是什么？ 信息源 选项特征 A.赞成的。 文中未提及 无中生有 B.不关心的。 文中未提及 无中生有 C.怀疑的。 文章最后一句 合理推断 D.友好的。 文中未提及 无中生有 [阅读积累] 一、考纲重点词汇复现 1．refer to 提到；说起；参考；查阅 eg.She referred to the subject several times during her speech. 在演讲中她好几次提到这个话题。 2．create

　　v．创造；创建；引起；产生 3．be crazy about

　　热衷于某事物；为某事物着迷 eg.His brother is crazy about playing basketball. 他哥哥对打篮球很着迷。 4．particular

　　adj.具体的；特定的；

　　特别的；讲究的，挑剔的 eg.The old man is very particular about what he eats. 这个老人对饮食非常挑剔。 5．used to

　　过去常常(用于表示过去真实或经常性的行为，特别强调现在不那样了) eg.I used to enjoy gardening，but I don’t have time for it. 我过去喜爱园艺，但现在没时间去弄了。 6．equipment

　　n．设备；装备 7．annoying

　　adj.令人恼火的；令人烦躁的 eg.What is really annoying is that he made the same mistake last time. 让人恼火的是他上次犯了同样的错误。 8．date back to＝date from追溯到 9．require

　　v．需要；要求 eg.The amount that patients are required to pay has been raised. 病人要付的费用已经提高了。 10．previous

　　adj.先前的，之前的 二、文中小语法 现在分词短语作结果状语 原句：but when asked which authors they actually enjoy，people named J，K.Rowling，John Grisham，Sophie Kinsella(ah，the big sellers，in other words)． 点拨：句中when asked which authors they actually enjoy为省略句。when asked可还原为：When people were asked。注意： (1)当主句中主语与从句中主语相同，且谓语动词为be动词时，通常省略从句中主语和谓语而构成省略句。如： Even though invited to the party，I will not go there. 即使被邀请，我也不愿去参加那个晚会。 (2)另外，当从句中主语为it is时，也可省略it is而构成省略句。如： If possible，I will lend you a hand. 如果可能，我将帮帮你的忙。 (2)完成句子 ①They abandon_themselves_to_drinking(沉湎于饮酒)all day. ②The doctor advised my father to abandon_smoking(戒烟)． (3)根据汉语提示完成小片段 The boy felt ①abandoned by the world.So he ②abandoned_himself_to_playing computer games and thought that life was boring.His teacher and classmates helped him ③abandon_the_idea and ④abandon_playing computer games with their love. 男孩感觉被这个世界所抛弃。因此他沉湎于玩网络游戏并认为生活是无聊的。他的老师和同学用爱帮助他放弃了这种想法并不再沉迷于网络游戏。 2．preserve (1)选词填空(preserve/reserve) ①The fruit was preserved from going bad in the refrigerator. ②To my satisfaction，my friend helped me reserve a front seat for Andy Lau’s concert in Shanghai. (2)完成句子 ①We should take measures to preserve the environment from pollution/being polluted． 我们应采取措施来保护环境免受污染。 ②This vase has been_preserved_as_good_as_new． 这个花瓶保存得完好如初。 3．witness (1)用动词的适当形式填空 The book was written in 1946，since when the education system has_witnessed(witness)great changes. (2)完成句子 ①He witnessed_to(证明)having seen the man enter the building. ②I was a_witness_to(目击者)the accident yesterday.

　　4．burst (1)介、副词填空 ①The little girl burst out crying when she fell down. ②The audience burst into cheers when Li Xiaoxia won the championship in women’s table tennis singles in the 30th Olympic Games. ③Hearing the news，the boss burst with anger.

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成句子 With ①a_burst_of_laughter，Wang Xifeng ②burst_into the room，whose flattering words made Mrs Jia ③burst_with_joy． 随着一阵笑声，王熙凤一阵风似地走进了房间。她的一席谄媚的话说得贾母乐不可支。

　　1．come across偶然遇见；被理解 [高考佳句]　When we read newspapers，we often come across such English words as“AIDS”and“PK”．(2017·江苏高考书面表达) 当我们阅读报纸时，我们会经常遇到像AIDS和PK这样的英语词汇。 ①He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not really come across. 他讲了很长时间，但他的意思没有人真正理解。 come out 出现；出版；结果是 come about

　　发生 come on

　　上场；加油 come up

　　长出地面；走近；被提出 ②How did it come_about that the man is dismissed? 那个人被解雇了是怎么回事？ ③A pocket edition of the dictionary will come out soon. 这一字典的袖珍版即将问世。 【联想归纳】　我们学过的表示“偶然遇见”的短语还有哪些？请写出。 ①run_into　②run_across　③knock_into　④meet_with　⑤come_upon [链接高考] (2017·湖北高考改编)Is this your necklace，Mary？I came across it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning. 2．hold up支撑起；延误，延迟，推迟；承受住；阻碍 [教材原句]　She became quite famous when she invented a new way of holding up suspension bridges during the building process. 她因在建设过程中发明了一种新的支撑吊桥的方法而闻名。 ①How does he hold up under such a responsibility? 他怎么能承受住这么大的责任？ hold on挺住；坚持住；(打电话)别挂断 hold on to

　　抓紧；不放开；保留；坚持 hold back

　　阻挡；拦阻；隐瞒；控制 hold down

　　压制；限制 hold out

　　(在困境中)坚持；伸出；提供；维持；忍耐 ②When he left the telephone to fetch a pencil，he asked me to hold_on． 当他离开电话找铅笔的时候，他让我别挂断。 ③No one can hold back the wheel of history. 谁也无法阻止历史车轮的前进。 3．figure out理解，弄明白，计算出 [高考佳句]　People aren’t walking any more—if they can figure out a way to avoid it.(2017·天津高考阅读D) 如果人们弄明白了避免走路的方法，那么他们将不再走路。 ①It didn’t take the children long to figure out the correct answer. 孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案。 figure on 计划，打算；预料到 figure in

　　把……计算在内/考虑在内 figure up

　　计算；把……加起来 it/that figures

　　有道理，合乎情理 ②The bill you paid doesn’t figure_in the tip you have to give to the waiter. 你支付的账单并没有包括你必须给服务员的小费。 ③I am so sleepy but that figures—I did not sleep at all last night. 我很困，不过那是当然的——我昨晚整夜没睡。

　　4．put up with容忍，忍受 [教材原句]　They probably didn’t like it but they just had to put up with it! 他们可能不喜欢它，但他们又必须容忍它！ come up with 提出，想出 keep up with

　　与……同步，跟上(强调状态) catch up with

　　跟上(强调动作)

　　①It took months to come_up_with an acceptable plan for the banks. 过了好几个月才为银行提出一个可接受的计划。 ②He thinks only in cities can children be well prepared for their future life and keep up with the trend of the world. 他认为只有在城里孩子们才能为他们将来的生活做好准备并跟上世界发展的趋势。

　　【联想归纳】　“忍受做某事”的表达法还有哪些？请补全。 ①stand doing sth. ②bear doing/to do sth. [学以致用] Ⅰ.完成句子 1．In_a_way(从某种程度上说)，elementary schooling is more important than secondary schooling. 2．Don’t lose heart when you come_across_difficulties(遇到困难)． 3．We were_held_up(被耽搁)for nearly an hour on our way by the traffic accident. 4．And we are trying to figure_out_an_efficient_way(想出有效的方法)to check them out. 5．In his speech，he referred_to(提到)the Bible several times. 6．Jack is a man of his word，you can count_on_him(依靠他)． 7．A boy was_knocked_over(被撞倒)by a passing car but fortunately he was not hurt severely. 8．The monitor split up_a_large_class_into_ten_groups(把一个大班分成十个小组)． Ⅱ.多维演练 1．come短语 (1)介词填空 ①It is obvious that the magazine comes out once a month. ②The engineers have come up with new ways of saving energy. ③Can you tell me how the things came about? ④The old man came across some old photographs in the ruins.

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成小片段 Her new novel ①came_out last week.The story ②comes_about in a big forest.Two boys ③come_across a bear and its baby.As they ④come_up the baby bear，the mother ⑤comes_at them，which makes them frightened.Fortunately，one of the boys ⑥comes_up_with a good idea that they can pretend to be dead.As a result，the bear has left when they ⑦come_to themselves.

　　她的新小说上周出版了。故事发生在一个森林里。两个小男孩遇见了一只熊和它的孩子。当他们靠近它的孩子时，熊妈妈向他们扑来，这吓坏了他们。幸运的是，其中的一个小男孩想出一个主意，他们可以假装死亡。结果，当他们醒来时，熊已经离开了。

　　2．hold短语(短语填空) ①Don’t worry.The house will hold_up． ②They were_held_up by fog. ③How long will our food supplies hold_out? ④They will hold_off their decision until Monday. ⑤You should learn to hold_back your anger. 3．figure短语(完成句子) ①I just can’t figure_him_out． 我简直摸不透他。 ②Have you figured_in the cost of meals? 你已把伙食费算进去了吗？ ③He’s a person you_can_always_figure_on． 他是一个你总能依赖的人。 ④Tom is_good_at_doing_figures． 汤姆擅长算术。

　　4．put短语 (1)用put的相关短语填空 ①I don’t know how she can put_up_with her crazy husband. ②With a new film to direct，the director has to put_off his wedding until the Spring Festival. ③His mother asked him to put his toys away before going to bed. ④It is illegal to put_up notice on the wall. (2)句型转换 The teacher can’t stand that his students lie to him. →The teacher can’t put_up_with_his_students_lying to him.

　　1．Now_that Helen understood the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。 now that“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句，相当于since，而且that可以省略。 ①We needn’t have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner. 既然苏西不和我们一起吃晚饭，我们本不需要买这么多食物。 ②Now_that we have covered the whole chapter，we may have a discussion next time we meet. 既然我们看完了整个章节，下次见面时我们就可以进行讨论了。 【名师指津】　引导原因状语从句的常用词分为两类：单词引导词主要有because，as，since等；短语引导词主要有now that，for the reason that，in that，seeing that，considering(that)等。 2．And so the day went on，until finally I climbed，tired_and_ashamed，into bed. 于是那天就这样继续下去，直到最后我爬上床，既疲惫又羞愧。 形容词或形容词短语作状语，往往是补充或说明主语所处的状态，主要表示原因、伴随或方式等。 ①To our relief，the plane landed，safe.(方式状语) 使我们欣慰的是，飞机安全着陆了。 ②The old man died，happy and satisfied.(伴随状语) 老人幸福而又满足地过世了。 ③Eager_to see her friends，she took a taxi home.(原因状语) 急于见到她的朋友，她搭乘出租车回家。

　　[学以致用] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Now that everyone can understand what I have said，there is no need for me to explain it again. 2．To their great relief，the missing child returned home，tired(tire)but sound，after an absence of two weeks. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．She looks as_if_she_were_ten_years_younger． 她看起来好像年轻了十岁。 2．She began to cry the_instant_she_read_the_letter． 她一读那封信就哭了起来。 3．Now_that_she_has_a_job_in_France，she can meet her desire to see Europe. 既然现在她在法国工作，那就可以满足她游览欧洲的愿望了。 4．Curious_about_everything，we look around. 因为对所有的事物好奇，我们四下张望。

　　过去完成时与 get/have sth.done 单句语法填空 1．It was not until the subprime loan crisis(次贷危机)had_caused(cause)great damage to the American financial system that Americans realized(realize)the severity of the situation. 2．You must have the report typed(type)in half an hour.The boss is to speak at the meeting at 8 pm. 3．When we got there after the accident，we were told that the injured had_been_sent(send)to the nearest hospital. 5．A son or daughter might inherit a nickname as a surname even_if_they_themselves_did_not_share the particular characteristic. 儿子或女儿可能因袭一个绰号作为自己的姓氏，而他们本人却并不带有这种特点。

　　1．abandon vt.放弃，遗弃；沉湎于(某种情感)n.[U] 放任，放纵 [经典例句]　The game had to be abandoned due to bad weather.(朗文P2) 由于天气不好，比赛不得不终止。 (1)abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 abandon oneself to(doing)sth.＝ be addicted to(doing)sth.

　　沉湎于(做)某事 (2)with abandon

　　纵情地，放任地 (3)abandoned adj.

　　被遗弃的，废弃的 ①Many young people decided to abandon buying houses in big cities because of high price. 由于房价太高，许多年轻人决定放弃在大城市买房子。 ②Those who abandon_themselves_to_despair can not succeed. 那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。 ③The cheerleader waved her arms with wild abandon. 拉拉队队长疯狂地挥舞双臂。 形象记忆

　　[链接高考] (2017·陕西高考改编)I wish that sports day could be abandoned(abandon)and replaced with some other less competitive event. 2．preserve vt.保护，保存；维护 [教材原句]　In a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history. 从某种程度上说庞培古城如同一粒时间胶囊，保存了历史上被封存了的瞬间。 ①In order to answer this question，we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area.(2017·安徽高考阅读D) 为回答这个问题，我们必须先检验一下是否人们真的拥有想去保留一个地方的历史使命感。 (1)preserve sb./sth.from... 保护某人/某物免于…… preserve sth.＋adj.

　　把某物保存得…… (2)preservation n.

　　保护，保存 in an excellent state of preservation

　　保存完好 ②People should preserve_children_from_being_hurt． 人们应保护儿童免受伤害。 ③The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation. 这些画保存得非常好。 【联想归纳】　reserve与preserve词形相似，但其意为“保留；预留”。 [链接高考] (2017· 江苏高考改编)—The town is so beautiful！I just love it. —Me too.The character of the town is well preserved(preserve)． 3．witness vt.目击；见证vi.为……作证n.目击者；证人 [高考佳句]　Many times，Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over.(2017·山东高考阅读C) 有许多次，彼得斯和其他在公园及其附近上班的人亲眼目睹了松鼠被碾压的惨状。 ①The world has witnessed China’s rapid development in space with the successful launch of Shenzhou­10 Spaceship. 神舟十号的发射成功，让世人见证了中国在太空方面的快速发展。 (1)witness for/against 作有利于/不利于……的证明 witness to(doing)sth.

　　证明(做)某事 (2)be a witness to

　　是……的目击者；是……的证据 give/bear witness to

　　为……作证，证明 ②The material he wrote witnesses to his abilities. 他写的材料表明了他的才干。 ③She will bear_witness_to his innocence. 她要为他作证，证明他无罪。 【名师指津】　witness作动词时，常用拟人化的方式陈述事实，即用事物名词直接作主语，表述既简洁又形象。 4．occur(occurred，occurred)vi.发生，出现；被想起 [经典例句]　Let difficulties occur but not the loss of courage. (谚)纵使困难重重，也不丧失勇气。 ①It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship.(2017·天津高考阅读D) 我们从不认为步行是件苦差事。 Sth.occurs to sb. 某事被某人想起 It occurs to sb.that...

　　某人想起…… It occurs to sb.to do sth.

　　某人想起做某事 ②The idea occurred to him when he saw an apple fall down. 他看到一个苹果掉下来的时候，就有了这个想法。 ③It_occurred_to_me_that I had left the door unlocked. 我忽然想起来我忘了锁门了。 [辨析比较]　occur，happen，take place，break out 试一试　选择以上单词或词语填空 ④The explosion occurred/happened during an exercise near the town. ⑤The talk is scheduled to take_place tomorrow morning at eight o’clock. ⑥It didn’t occur to him to ask for help. ⑦Everybody was alarmed at the news that war might break_out in Syria. 辨一辨 occur 表示“发生”时，为正式用语，常指偶然的、未曾预见的具体事情的发生，可以和happen互换。但happen后接不定式表示“碰巧”之意时，不可换用 happen 普通用词，使用最广，指事情“偶然发生”或与不定式连用，表示“碰巧发生”。sth.happens to sb.意为“某事发生在某人身上” take place 多指事情的发生不是偶然的，而是有计划有安排的。可引申为“进行，举行”的意思 break out 多指战争、火灾、疾病等不愉快的事情“突然发生，爆发” 【联想归纳】　“某人想起……”句型有哪些？请补全。 ①Sb.thinks of sth. ②Sth.strikes/hits sb. ③It strikes sb.that... ④Sb.hits on/upon sth. ⑤Sth.comes to sb./one’s mind [链接高考] (2017·江西高考改编)It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office. 5．burst vi.爆炸，冲，闯；突然出现vt.使破裂；使爆炸n.爆发，突发 [高考佳句]　Then she threw a stone into the beehive，which burst into life.(2017·安徽高考阅读B) 然后，她向蜂窝里投了一块石头，蜂窝突然炸开了锅。 ①From a little spark may burst a mighty flame. (名言)星星之火可以燎原。 (1)burst out　突然喊叫

　　burst in/into

　　突然闯进；破门而入 burst with anger/grief/joy

　　勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支 (2)a burst of

　　突发的响声；情感的突然爆发 ②Scarcely had she heard the sad story when she burst_out_crying/burst_into_tears． 她一听到这悲伤的消息，就失声痛哭。 ③The police burst in(through the door)and arrested him. 警察突然闯进(房门)并逮捕了他。 ④There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。 6．discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心 [高考佳句]　Constant delays，unannounced changes to the timeable and sudden cancellations all discourage people from using public transport.(2017·山东高考阅读表达) 晚点、临时改时间、突然取消都打消了人们使用公交的念头。 ①I knew nothing would ever discourage him；he would never give up wanting to be a director. 我知道没有什么会使他灰心，他永远也不会放弃想成为一名导演的梦想。 (1)discourage sb.from(doing)sth.

　　打消某人做某事的念头　 be/get discouraged

　　变得灰心丧气 (2)discouraging adj.

　　令人失去信心的，令人气馁的 discouraged adj.

　　失去信心的；气馁的 ②His father tried to discourage_him_from choosing arts，but failed. 他父亲试图阻止他选文科，但是失败了。 ③Our teacher told us to keep our chin up，do the best we can，and don’t get_discouraged． 我们的老师为我们加油打气，让我们不要灰心，要继续全力以赴而不要泄气。

　　7．eager adj.渴望的，热衷的 [教材原句]　Now that Helen understood the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。 be eager for sth. 渴望某事物 be eager to do sth.

　　渴望做某事

　　①It’s human that everyone is_eager_for success. 人人都渴望成功，这是人之常情。 ②We were eager to hear the announcement of the winners of the race. 我们急于听到赛跑优胜者名单的宣布。 [辨析比较]　eager，anxious 试一试　选择以上单词填空 ③She is eager to go to college，but anxious about the College Entrance Examination. 辨一辨 eager 着重强调对美好事物的向往，可译作“渴望”，意为急于看到某事的发生 anxious 更多强调“焦急”“忧虑”，意为“担心”某事发生。be anxious for/about...“为……担忧” 【联想归纳】　表示“急切盼望(做)……”的短语还有哪些？请补全。 ①long for sth. ②be dying/anxious for/to do sth. ③be hungry/thirsty for sth. ④be keen on/to do sth. 8．expand vt.使扩大，使扩展vi.扩大，扩充，扩展，详述 [教材原句]　As Helen’s knowledge and vocabulary expanded，she asked more and more questions. 随着海伦知识和词汇量的增加，她问的问题越来越多。 expand into(使……)扩大成 expand on/upon sth.

　　详述，详细阐明某事 ①He asked his teacher to expand on the steps of programming. 他要求老师详细阐述编制程序的步骤。 ②His modest business eventually expanded_into a supermarket empire. 他原先不大的生意后来扩展成了超市集团企业。 [辨析比较]　expand，extend，spread，stretch 试一试　选择以上单词填空 ③The pupils of your eyes expand when you enter a darkroom. ④They extended the road for three more miles. ⑤The rumor was widely spread among the crowd. ⑥My wool coat stretched when I washed it. 辨一辨 expand (使)(尺寸、数字或数量等)扩大，增加(活动量)，扩大(活动范围) extend 延伸，延长(建筑或道路、时间等)，扩大(控制、影响力等)，伸展(手臂、腿等) spread 把(物)铺开、张开，(疾病、感情、问题或火等)蔓延，(消息、思想等)流传，传播，扩展(使能覆盖大的面积)，张开(手臂、双腿等) stretch 伸展，拉长，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长 形象记忆

　　[间考词汇] 1．loss n．遗失；丢失 at a loss 困惑；不知所措 loss in weight

　　失重 He is always at a loss what to say in front of strangers. 他在生人面前总是不知要说什么。 2．gather vi.& vt.聚集；集合；收集 gather in 收获 gather around

　　围在一起 The harvest has been safely gathered in this year. 今年庄稼已妥善收获完毕。 [学以致用] Ⅰ.完成句子 1．Our government’s plan to fight against air pollution will focus_on_gathering_information__(重点放在收集信息)and handling PM 2.5. 2．The government has taken a series of measures to_expand_people’s_need(扩大需求)in our country，which has provided good opportunities for many companies. 3．I was going to pay when it_suddenly_occurred to_me_that(我突然想起)I had left my purse at home. 4．In my opinion，parents should discourage_their children_from_spending(阻止孩子花费)too much time playing computer games. 5．Your parents will_get_anxious(担忧)if you don’t come back in time. Ⅱ.多维演练 1．abandon (1)句型转换 ①Many people are addicted to shopping on the Internet. →Many people abandon_themselves_to shopping on the Internet. →Many people are_abandoned_to shopping on the Internet. ②The old man who was abandoned by his son didn’t want to say anything，when interviewed. →The old man abandoned by his son didn’t want to say anything，when interviewed. 话题六　学校生活 话题短句 1．According to the rules and regulations，it is compulsory for us to live in the dormitories of our school. 根据规章制度，住校是我们的义务。 2．For the sake of convenience，there are a large percentage of students boarding with local families in and around village. 为了方便起见，有很大比例的学生寄宿在本村或周围村庄的当地家庭。 3．There are a variety of after­class activities in our school. 我们学校有各种各样的课下活动。 4．These activities benefit us a lot. 这些活动对我们很有益。 5．The dream of going to the first­class university attracts us greatly and we have made up our minds to achieve it. 上一流大学的梦想极大地吸引着我们，我们已下决心来实现它。 6．We are going through great hardship.我们正经历极度困难的时期。,

　　热身体验 1．使用however连接1、2句 According_to_the_rules_and_regulations，it_is_compulsory_for_us_to_live_in_the_dormitories_of_our_school；however，for the sake of convenience there_are_a_large percentage of_students boarding with local families in_and around_village.

　　2．使用非限制性定语从句连接3、4句 There_are_a_variety_of_after­class_activities_in_our_school，which_benefit_us_a_lot. 3．使用介词短语in spite of连接5、6句 The_dream_of_going_to_the_first­class_university_attracts_us_greatly_and_we_have_made_up_our_minds_to_achieve_it_in_spite_of_great_hardship. 选用“however，for example，in spite of great hardship”过渡词语衔接成文。 According to the rules and regulations，it is compulsory for us to live in the dormitories of our school；however，for the sake of convenience，there are a large percentage of students boarding with local families in and around village.In our school，there are a variety of after­class activities，which benefit us a lot.For_example，the English corner gives me a chance to distinguish myself by speaking English fluently.In_spite_of_great_hardship，the dream of going to the first­class university motivates us greatly and we have made up our minds to achieve it. Ⅰ.重点单词识记 1．

　　/ə'bændən/vt.放弃，遗弃；n.放任，放纵 2．

　　/'wItnIs/v.目击；n.目击者 3．

　　/ə'kɜː/vi.发生 4．

　　/'trembəl/vi.颤抖，发抖 5．

　　/lɒs/n.遗失，丢失 6．

　　/'sImpəθi/n.同情 7．

　　/'ɡæðə/vi.& vt.聚集 8．

　　/'sɒrəʊ/n.悲伤，难过 9．

　　/bɜːst/vi.爆炸；闯，冲 abandon witness occur tremble loss sympathy gather sorrow burst 10．

　　/spə'sIfIk/adj.详细的；特定的 11．

　　/sIɡ'nIfIkəns/n.重要性；意义 12．

　　/'vIvId/adj.生动的，逼真的 13．

　　/dIs'kʌrIdʒ/vt.使泄气，使灰心 14．

　　/sI'vIə/adj.严重的；严厉的 15．

　　/'stʌbən/adj.倔强的，固执的 16．

　　/'fɔːmə/adj.以前的 17．

　　/‘trʌbəlsəm/adj.引起麻烦的 18．

　　/'i ː ɡə/adj.渴望的，热衷的 19．

　　/'ɡrædʒʊəl/adj.逐渐的 20．

　　/'kɒmpleks/adj.复杂的 specific significance vivid discourage severe stubborn former troublesome eager gradual complex

　　21．

　　/ə'pærənt/adj.明显的，显而易见的 22．

　　/'breIkθru ː /n.突破，重大发现 23．

　　/ə'plɔːd/vi.& vt.鼓掌 24．

　　/prI‘zɜːv/vt.保护， 保存→

　　n．保护；保养 25．

　　/pə‘tIkjʊləli/adv.特别地； 特定地→

　　adj.特别的 apparent breakthrough applaud preserve preservation particularly particular

　　26．

　　/æb‘nɔ ː məl/adj.反常的， 不正常的→

　　adj.正常的 27．

　　/'ædmərəbəl/adj. 令人钦佩的→

　　vt.钦佩 28．

　　/ʌn'beərəbəl/adj. 不能忍受的→

　　adj.可忍受的→

　　vi.容忍，忍受 29．

　　/Ik'spænd/v.扩大，扩充→

　　n．扩张 30．

　　/tens/adj.紧张的→

　　n．紧张 abnormal normal admirable admire unbearable bearable bear expand expansion tense tension Ⅱ.重点短语识记 1．The village will come_into_view(出现)at the next turn. 2．One day I lost myself on_the_way_to(在去……的路上)my uncle’s house. 3．The child was named_after(以……命名)its father，given its father’s first name. 4．However，he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in_a_way(从某种程度上说)which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ阅读C) 5．I came_across(偶然遇到)an old friend of mine on the street yesterday. 6．Can you figure_out(理解)the meaning of the word in the first paragraph? 7．“Having all this information in one place could end_up(以……结束)saving your mother’s life，” Dr.Marie Savard said.(2017·大纲卷阅读D) 8．I can not put_up_with(忍受)such hot weather any longer here. 【短语归纳】 1．come into view出现 2．knock sb.over

　　撞倒某人 3．once upon a time　从前 4．block out

　　堵住 5．in a way

　　从某种程度上说 6．on one’s side

　　侧身 7．split up

　　断绝关系；分成小部分 8．name...after

　　以……命名 9．come across

　　偶然遇见，偶然发现 10．hold up

　　支撑起；延误，推迟 11．count on

　　依靠 12．figure out

　　理解 13．end up

　　以……结束 14．put up with

　　容忍，忍受 15．in particular

　　特别，尤其 16．refer to

　　查阅；提到；涉及；提交 17．on the way to

　　在去……的路上 18．pay rise

　　增加工资 Ⅲ.经典原句默写 1．Now_that Helen understood the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as_much_as_she_could． 既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。 2．Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless_I_touched_it． 她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。 3．Pliny described a cloud coming down the mountain，blocking_out the sun and burying everything in its path，including whole villages and towns. 普利尼描述道，一团云自山巅而降，遮天蔽日，将所经之处的一切，包括一座座村庄和城镇统统吞没。 4．Another man，lying_on_his_side，looks as_if_he_is_trying to get up. 躺在他旁边的另一个人看上去好像是在试图站立起来。