2016届高考英语一轮复习课件：第二部分 语法专项专练专题十三 特殊句式(北师大版)

　　5．如果你不去，我也不去了。 If you don’t go，___________________________________. 答案　1.Only in this way can　2.have I seen 3．had he arrived home when 4．is the teacher himself；all his students are 5．neither/nor shall I

　　二、强调句型 1．强调句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。 It was the culture，rather than the language，that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2017·福建高考) 2．强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前，特殊疑问句的结构是“疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that从句”。 Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr.Smith got angry？(2017·四川高考) 3．如果原句中含有“not...until”，在强调时间状语时，将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 4．“it is... that...”结构不能强调谓语动词。 如果需要强调动词，用“do/does/did＋动词原形”，以加强语气，意为“的确；真的；务必”。 He did say that he would help me. 他的确说过他会帮我的。 [学以致用] 用强调句翻译下列句子 1．只有当他说出那个字后他才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake. 2．学校到底什么时候开运动会呢？ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　When is it that our school will hold the sports meeting? 3．直到信的末尾，她才提到她自己的计划。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 4．在当地导游的帮助下，登山者才获救。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　 It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was rescued. 5．你可一定要跟我说实话，否则我帮不了你。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　Do tell me the truth，or I can’t help you. 三、省略 1．在when，while，whenever，till，as soon as，if，unless，as if，though，as等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而从句的主语又与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it时，从句的主语和be动词常被省略。 Film has a much shorter history，especially when compared to such art forms as music and painting.(2017·新课标全国卷) Get up early tomorrow，if not (you don’t get up early)，you will miss the first bus. 2．I’m afraid，I think，I believe，I hope，I guess等作答句，后面跟so与not分别等于肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。 —Do you think it will rain? —I hope not (that it will not rain)． —Do you believe our team will win? —I guess so (that our team will win)． 3．不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号to。 (1)用来代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常在be afraid/glad/happy，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，seem，try，want，wish等的后边。 I asked him to see the film，but he didn’t want to. —Will you join in the game? —I’d be glad to. (2)如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，通常保留be，have和have been。 —Are you a sailor? —No，but I used to be. [学以致用] 补充句子(找出下列句子的省略成分并把他们补充完整) 1．Haven’t seen you for ages. ________haven’t seen you for ages. 答案　I 2．I am happy if you are. I am happy if you are________． 答案　happy 3．I meant to write to you，but forgot to. I meant to write to you，but forgot to________． 答案　write to you 4．They are going abroad soon，but I don’t know when. They are going abroad soon，but I don’t know when________． 答案　they are going abroad

　　专题十三　特殊句式 一、倒装 　“倒装句”从结构上看有完全倒装和部分倒装两种。谓语动词全部位于主语之前的称作完全倒装；只将谓语的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)放在主语之前的称作部分倒装。 从实际使用看，倒装有两种功能作用：一是出于语法要求的语法倒装；二是出于修辞或强调需要的修辞倒装。 (一)完全倒装 1．表示方式或方位的副词与介词短语等置于句首时。常见的有： there，here，in，out，away，up，down，from，off，back，over，then，now，so，thus，in the room，on the wall等。 There exist different opinions on this question. Among the goods are Christmas trees，flowers，candles and toys. 【悟一悟→参透误区】 当主语为代词时主谓不倒装。试比较： Out rushed the children. Out they rushed. 2．such置于句首时。 Such are the facts，and no one can deny them. 3．表语置于句首时。 Gone are the days when my heart was young and happy. (二)部分倒装 1．当only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句。 Only by shouting at the top of his voice was he able to make himself heard. 【悟一悟→参透误区】 only后面接句子主语时，不需要用倒装句式。 Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.(2017·湖南高考) 2．否定副词或词组not，nor，never，hardly，rarely，few，seldom，little，neither，by no means，at no time，under no circumstances，in no way，at no time置于句首时。 Never in my life have I seen such a thing. Hardly do I think it possible to finish the job before dark. 3．often，well，many a time，now and again等方式或频度副词(短语)置于句首时。 Many a time has John given me good advice. 4．在以下九个固定句式结构中，句子可以部分倒装。 (1)so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。 He used to do sports every day.So did I. 【悟一悟→参透误区】 在答句中，有些情况不用倒装，这时，意义有所不同。 —Li Hua has made great progress in his spoken English. —So he has.(意为“他确实如此”。表示对以上陈述的肯定赞同) (2)neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。 The headmaster will not permit the change in the course，nor will he even give it a thought.(2017·重庆高考) (3)so...that... So hard did he overwork that he fell ill at last. (4)neither...nor... Neither do I know it，nor do I care about it. (5)not only...but (also)．.. Not only do the nurses want a pay increase，they want reduced hours as well.(2017·大纲全国)

　　【悟一悟→参透误区】 此结构连接主语时不倒装。 Not only he but also his parents are sick. (6)not until... Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. 【悟一悟→参透误区】 此结构中主句要求倒装，但从句不倒装。 (7)hardly...when.../no sooner...than... Hardly had she sat down when she heard someone knocking at the door. No sooner had MoYan steppped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.(2017·陕西高考) 【悟一悟→参透误区】 这两个结构都要求主句谓语用过去完成时。 (8)as/though引导的让步状语从句。 Try as I might，I couldn’t lift the stone. (9)虚拟条件句若有had，were，should时，可省略if，从句部分倒装。 Had they not helped us，we could not have done it so successfully. Should he come，say“nobody in”to him. Were I you，I would not make such a decision. 【悟一悟→参透误区】 有时由于修辞或平衡句子的需要也可以用倒装句，也可以不用。 On either side of the great avenue stood many block buildings. “I’m leaving for Sichuan tomorrow，”said Tom to his mother. [学以致用] Ⅰ.改写句子(把下列句子变为倒装句) 1．The patients can be treated properly in this hospital only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ________________________________________________________________________. 2．He didn’t realize the love we have for our families is important until he went through real hardship. Not until he went through real hardship________________________________________________________________________. 3．I will never make that mistake again. ____________________that mistake again. 4．I will speak to him again only when he apologizes for his rudeness. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness________． 5．If they should forget to bring a map with them，they would get lost in the woods. ____________________to bring a map with them，they would get lost in the woods. 6．I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain. ____________________than it began to rain. 7．I found it so difficult to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. So difficult____________________to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. 答案　 1．can the patients be treated properly in this hospital 2．did he realize the love we have for our families is important 3．Never will I make 4．will I speak to him again 5．Should they forget 6．No sooner had I gone out 7．did I find it Ⅱ.完成句子(用倒装句完成下列句子) 1．只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。 ____________________you learn English well. 2．我从来没见过这样的人。 Never____________________such a man. 3．他刚到家，电话就响了。 Hardly____________________the telephone rang. 4．不仅老师自己对足球感兴趣，而且他的所有学生也开始对足球感兴趣了。 Not only__________________interested in football，but__________________beginning to show an interest in it.