2017高考英语一轮专项训练：完形填空及阅读理解（7）含答案

　　完形填空（A）

　　One night, I was driving down a two-lane highway. Another car approached from the

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　　direction at about my speed. As we passed each other, I caught the other driver’s eye for only a second, wondering whether he might be thinking, as I was, how

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　　we were on each other at that moment. I was relying on him not to fall asleep, not to be put off by a phone conversation, not to cross over into my lane and bring

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　　to a sudden end. Though we had

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　　spoken a word to each other, he relied on me in just the same way.

　　That is the way

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　　works. We all depend upon

　　6 , sometimes required simply not to do something like crossing over the double yellow line, and sometimes required to act

　　7 , with friends or even with strangers.

　　As technology

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　　our world, the need for international cooperation increases. In 2003, doctors in five nations were quickly organized to identify the SARS virus, which

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　　thousands of lives. The threat of international terrorism has shown itself to be a

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　　problem, requiring coordinated police action and intelligence forces across the world. We must recognize that our fates are not ours

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　　to control.

　　In my own life, I’ve put great belief in personal responsibility.

　　12 , as the years have passed, I’ve also come to believe that there are moments when one must rely upon the good faith and judgment of

　　13 . So, while each of us faces the case of driving alone down a

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　　road, what we must learn is that the approaching light may not be a threat, but a shared moment of

　　15 .

　　1. A. wrong

　　B. correct

　　C. same

　　D. opposite

　　2. A. trustworthy

　　B. dependent

　　C. conscious

　　D. curious

　　3. A. his conversation

　　B. my phone call

　　C. my life

　　D. his life

　　4. A. exactly

　　B. hardly

　　C. never

　　D. ever

　　5. A. the car

　　B. the traffic

　　C. our friendship

　　D. the world

　　6. A. one another

　　B. the whole society

　　C. communication

　　D. traffic rules

　　7. A. independently B. respectively

　　C. individually

　　D. cooperatively

　　8. A. develops

　　B. enlarges

　　C. shrinks

　　D. improves

　　9. A. killed

　　B. threatened

　　C. destroyed

　　D. saved

　　10. A. similar

　　B. different

　　C. serious

　　D. widespread

　　11. A. alike

　　B. alone

　　C. alive

　　D. along

　　12. A. Therefore

　　B. Though

　　C. But

　　D. Thus

　　13. A. friends

　　B. authorities

　　C. oneself

　　D. others

　　14. A. dark

　　B. two-lane

　　C. double-yellow-line D. narrow

　　15. A. dependence

　　B. trust

　　C. safety

　　D. encouragement

　　【湖北省2017高考英语第二次联考试题】

　　完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　My son Tom taught me a beautiful lesson today. He is three years old and it is amazing watching him grow up.

　　He called out to me today saying, “Papa, sit”. That usually means

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　　everything and going next to him and sitting down to play with him. I did that, as he can be

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　　and will not stop calling out until I

　　33 . He was playing with beads (珠子), pushing a string through them, which is a great exercise to help

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　　fine motor skills. Then, after he finished playing with the beads, it was time to put them back in the box that they are stored in. I saw him

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　　pick up each bead, look at it

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　　it were made of chocolate and then placed it into its box.

　　With over a hundred beads to go, I was getting

　　37 . “What a long time it will take! Why cannot he

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　　ten beads in one go and drop them in?” said my anxious mind. I noticed that he did this with as much

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　　as he had while we were playing. I didn’t see any

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　　between his play and his putting away the toy. Obviously he enjoyed both.

　　Then it suddenly

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　　me that this boy was enjoying the whole

　　42 . The journey was his goal. For him the

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　　was in the game and after the game, not just in the fun part. What a great perspective: to live each moment as it is the

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　　moment; to do each task as it is the most awesome task. Nothing else

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　　.

　　Looking at how

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　　my son was putting beads into the box 47

　　me that the process was the goal. The joy of pilgrimage (朝圣) is not in getting there but in every

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　　of the journey.

　　This is what living in the NOW is all

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　　. Tom, my son, was showing me that it was about thoroughly enjoying every moment with

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　　love and peace.

　　31. A. wasting

　　B. leaving

　　C. taking

　　D. preparing

　　32. A. stubborn

　　B. innocent

　　C. helpful

　　D. humorous

　　33. A. fell down

　　B. turned round

　　C. burst out

　　D. gave in

　　34. A. highlight

　　B. develop

　　C. illustrate

　　D. identify

　　35. A. gratefully

　　B. eagerly

　　C. carefully

　　D. quickly

　　36. A. as if

　　B. even though

　　C. in case

　　D. in that

　　37. A. fascinated

　　B. satisfied

　　C. impatient

　　D. energetic

　　38. A. package

　　B. grab

　　C. deliver

　　D. replace

　　39. A. confidence B. strength

　　C. inspiration

　　D. involvement

　　40. A. sense

　　B. difference

　　C. need

　　D. value

　　41. A. excited

　　B. helped

　　C. struck

　　D. encouraged

　　42. A. process

　　B. morning

　　C. experiment

　　D. design

　　43. A. victory

　　B. challenge

　　C. difficulty

　　D. pleasure

　　44. A. urgent

　　B. decisive

　　C. perfect

　　D. dangerous

　　45. A. matters

　　B. happens

　　C. disappears

　　D. works

　　46. A. successfully B. peacefully

　　C. responsibly

　　D. systematically

　　47. A. guaranteed B. warned

　　C. promised

　　D. taught

　　48. A. plan

　　B. destination

　　C. step

　　D. detail

　　49. A. for

　　B. with

　　C. about

　　D. from

　　50. A. complete

　　B. available

　　C. additional

　　D. precious

　　完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

　　第1模块 完形填空 模块导读（1）

　　考纲解读

　　完形填空是一种综合测试，涉及的知识面很广，是用来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。具体表现在以下几个方面：

　　(1)词语辨析能力

　　(2)语法结构分析能力

　　(3)语篇理解能力

　　(4)逻辑推理能力

　　(5)文化背景透析能力

　　(6)作者意图剖析能力

　　(7)生活常识综合运用能力

　　　命题分析

　　完形填空在选材上主要以记叙文、夹叙夹议型的文章为主，伴之以说明文和议论文。所选材料源于生活，时代感强，语言地道，内容健康，情节丰富，寓意深刻，常涉及人物的心理活动描写，集知识、文化、教育和娱乐为一体，具有极强的可读性。词数大多在250—300，难度低于阅读理解部分的文段。

　　近年来的完形填空试题在选项的设置上越来越淡化语法结构，重在文意的干扰，即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去，考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个选项在语法和结构上都是正确的，若放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择正确答案是解决这类题的关键。以下是广东省最近三年高考自主命题的完形填空的命题特点以及实词考查对照表：

　　应试点睛

　　完形填空考查的内容和范围

　　1．主要考查的词类

　　完形填空题突出考查考生对篇章的整体理解和对语境的理解， 而在文章中只有实词才能较好地突出词汇的语境化。细读近两年的考试大纲和研究近三年的高考试题后，我们可以得知，广东卷完形填空只考查实词，主要是名词、动词(包括动词短语)、形容词、副词等。同时， 每小题的四个选项均属同一词类或同一语法形式。若四个选项都是名词， 那么都是单数名词或复数名词或是不可数名词；若四个选项都是形容词或副词， 要么都是原级， 要么都是比较级， 要么都是最高级；如果都是动词， 那么四个选项要么都是及物动词或不及物动词， 要么都是­ing形式或­ed形式， 要么都是动词原形。

　　2．试题的选文特点

　　广东卷完形填空的体裁可以是具有一定故事情节的记叙文， 或是夹叙夹议、富有哲理的议论文， 也可以是说明文。

　　2009～2011年广东高考英语试题的三篇文章的主题都很明确， 内容完整， 结构严谨， 层次分明， 逻辑性强， 文章内容新， 立意高， 构思巧妙， 富有一定的时代特色和教育意义， 句式结构不是很复杂， 知识内涵没有超出中学生的认知水平， 考生读起来熟悉、亲切、自然， 其难度略高于高三教材。

　　完形填空的首句是文章的窗口， 有助于考生了解和推测全文的大意， 所以短文首句均不设空， 每两题空格最大间隔一般不超过30个词， 最小不低于5个词。

　　广东卷完形填空的全部答案都是通过理解上下文来确定的， 也可以说是要求考生从文章中找出直接或间接的答案。它一般不设纯语法题， 如不设主谓一致题， 不设复合句的连接词， 不考介词、代词等。另外， 四个选项中一般不会出现很难辨析的同义词或近义词。逻辑推理、背景知识、生活常识、习惯用法和搭配是命题者经常考虑的命题点。

　　3．考查的主要技能

　　首先，考查考生结合文章上下文对词汇意义及其用法的理解和运用能力。完形填空题型有相当一部分试题是考查考生能否根据文章的上下文来正确辨别所给选项， 选出最适合文章语境的词或词组。其次，考查考生灵活运用习惯用法和常用搭配的能力。另外，考查考生根据生活常识进行推理和判断的能力。

　　探究点一　对名词和动词的考查

　　完形填空主要考查语境理解， 而在通常情况下， 只有实词才能较好地体现语境。2009～2011年广东高考英语卷完形填空考查的全为实词， 如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。

　　一、名词

　　名词是完形填空中对词汇考查的重要内容之一。名词在英语基本词汇中所占比例很大， 而且英语中名词的同义词和近义词很多， 所以对名词考查的主要项目是名词词义辨析， 此外还有名词与介词的搭配、名词与动词的搭配等。

　　做题时应该注意：

　　1．名词的基本意义以及同、近义名词的区分

　　例1 Chinese arts have won the ________ of a lot of people outside China.

　　A．enjoyment　B．appreciation

　　C．entertainment

　　　D．reputation

　　【解析】 B　本题考查名词的词义辨析。enjoyment享乐， 快乐；appreciation欣赏， 正确评价， 感激；entertainment款待， 娱乐；reputation名誉， 名声。根据语境“中国的艺术得到许多海外人士的好评”可知答案为B。

　　2．名词在特定情景、语境中的特殊含义

　　例2 　“The longer you stay away from the motherland，” she said, “the sweeter your blood grows to the mosquitoes.” Well, less than a week after my arrival, I was already carpeted with a ________ of mosquito bites.

　　A．shade B．pile

　　C．cloud

　　D．blanket

　　【解析】 D　blanket原意是“毯子，毛毯”， 此处意思是“像毯子一样的厚厚的覆盖物”， 此处引申为“一层”。另外， blanket常用作名词， 意思是“毯子”， 也可用作动词， 意思是“像毯子一样覆盖”。

　　例3

　　It didn’t matter whether you were black, white or Asian; everyone worked together for the ________ of the company.

　　A．good

　　B．boss

　　　C．rest

　　　D．right

　　【解析】 A　此处good是名词， 意为“好处，利益”。

　　3．名词与动词的搭配

　　例4 　I have read the material several times but it didn’t make any ________ to me.

　　A．meaning

　　B．importance

　　C．sense

　　D．significance

　　【解析】 C　make sense是固定习语， 意为“意义清楚，讲得通，有道理”。

　　4．名词与介词的搭配

　　例5　 Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by ________ of cries.

　　A．ways

　　B．means

　　C．methods 　 D．approaches

　　【解析】 B　四个选项都有“方法，手段”的意思， 但by means of 是固定短语，意为“借助……手段”。

　　例6　 Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within________ of little children.

　　A．hand

　　　B．reach

　　C．space

　　　D．Distance

　　【解析】 B　within reach of sb是固定习语， 意为“某人伸手拿得到的”。

　　例7　I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s ________.

　　A．reach

　　　 B．hand

　　C．hold

　　D．place

　　【解析】 A　out of sb’s reach和beyond sb’s reach是固定习语， 意为“伸手拿不到的，够不着的”。

　　例8

　　He and his wife are of the same ________ ; they both want their son to go to college.

　　A．soul

　　B．spirit

　　C．heart

　　D．mind

　　【解析】 D　of the same mind是固定结构， 意为“意见一致，想法一致”。

　　阅读理解

　　What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion? It means that we live among competing interests. Your roommate’s need to study for an exam may take priority (优先) over pizza. Your instructor may have good reasons not to change your grade. And the object of your romantic/interest may have other choices.

　　In such a world, persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our points of view. When we persuade, we want to influence how others believe and behave. We may not always prevail — other points of view may be more persuasive, depending on the listener, the situation, and the merit of the case. But when we practice the art of persuasion, we try to ensure that our position receives the attention it deserves.

　　Some people, however, object to the very idea of persuasion. They may regard it as an unwelcome interruption into their lives. Just the opposite, we believe that persuasion is unavoidable — to live is to persuade. Persuasion may be ethical (合乎道义的) or unethical, selfless or selfish, inspiring or degrading. Persuaders may enlighten our mind or prey on our vulnerability. Ethical persuasion, however, calls on sound reasoning and is sensitive to the feelings and needs of listeners. Such persuasion can help us apply the wisdom of the past to the decisions we now must make. Therefore, the most basic part of education is learning to resist the one kind of persuasion and to encourage and practice the other.

　　Beyond its personal importance to us, persuasion is necessary to society. The right to persuade and be persuaded is the bedrock of the American political system, guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution (美国宪法).

　　10. According to the passage, persuasion means ________.

　　A. changing others’ points of view

　　B. exercising power over other people

　　C. getting other people to consider your point of view

　　D. getting people to agree with you and do what you want

　　11. The underlined word in the second paragraph “prevail” means________.

　　A. win

　　B. fail

　　C. speak

　　D. listen

　　12. The passage states that some people object to persuasion because they think it is ________.

　　A. a danger to society

　　B. difficult to do well

　　C. unwelcome behavior

　　D. never successful

　　13. The passage mainly discusses ________.

　　A. how people persuade

　　B. why people persuade

　　C. that persuasion is both good and bad

　　D. that persuasion is important and it is all around us

　　【答案与解析】

　　10. C 细节题。将第二段中persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our points of view与各选项进行比较可知。

　　11. A 词义题。由破折号后面的句子other points of view may be more persuasive可知，我们不一定占上风，故选A。

　　12. C 细节题。由第三段中第一二句Some people…into their lives可知。

　　13. D 主旨题。根据第一段对we live in a world of persuasion的理解，第三段中we believe that persuasion is unavoidable-to live is to persuade 及最后一段中persuasion is necessary to society与各选项进行比较可确定选D。