2017届高考英语一轮复习基础巩固学案：Challenging Yourself Ⅱ《Wild Antarctica》（重大版必修5）

　　Ⅰ.重点单词识记 1．contact /kəntækt/ vt.接触；联系；n.接触；联系 2．position /pəzIʃn/ n．位置 3．medical /medIkl/ adj.医疗的；医学的 4．access /ækses/ n．通道；入口；进入 5．initial /InIʃl/ adj.最初的；开始的 6．maintain /menteIn/ vt.维持；坚持 7．charity /tʃærətI/ n．慈善 8．possibly /pɒsəblI/ adv.可能地；或者→possible adj.可能的→possibility n．可能；可能性；可能的事 9．found /fand/ vt.创建；创立；创办→founding n．建立；成立→foundation n．基金会；基础 10．control /kəntrəʊl/ vt./vi.控制；掌握→controller n．控制器；控制者 .重点短语识记 1．look behind向后看 2．work on从事于；致力于 3．have a great effect on对……有很大影响 4．light up照亮；点燃 5．be fascinated with着迷 6．strike a deal with与……达成协议 7．step down让位；辞职 8. focus on以……为焦点；集中于 .经典原句默写与背诵 1．We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. 我们只能基于过去展望未来。 2．As you come home from work，you use your phone to contact the central controller in the house to make sure the coffeepot is switched on so that you can have coffee as soon as you get in. 当你下班回家时，用手机联系一下家里的控制中心确保咖啡壶打开以便你一回家就可以喝咖啡。 3．Increasing access to communication satellites and mobile phone networks，along with faster and longer international cable systems，makes the wireless Internet explode in popularity. 增强与通讯卫星、移动电话网以及更快更长的国际电缆系统的连接使无线因特网迅速发展。 4．The mirrors are so high that they can catch the sun’s light as it shines on the other side of the earth. 这些镜子要高到能在太阳照到地球的另一面时，它们仍能吸收太阳光。 5．Along with Brin，Page is the world’s fourth youngest billionaire. 佩奇与布林一起是世界上第四位最年轻的亿万富翁。　 1．There is growing concern for the safety of witnesses.(safely) 2．Unfortunately，the prospects for controlling costs are tenuous.(controller) 3．But these numbers are artificially low.(artificial) 4．She had developed quite an affection for the place.(affected) 5．She could create a fight out of anything.(creation) 6．This morning he had tried every way possible to contact her.(possibly) 　 1 possible在句中用作定语时，可前置，也可后置。修饰anything，something，everything，all，every，the only或最高级形容词时常后置。,possible可用作形式主语it的表语，后面跟动词不定式或that从句作真正的主语。Success is possible，but hardly probable. 成功是有可能的，但把握不大。 If possible，you may as well attend the lecture. 如果有可能的话，你不妨去听一下讲座。词义辨析　likely，probable，possible likely，probable，possible均表示“可能的”，用作表语时，区别如下： likely的主语可以是人、物或用it作形式主语。 probable常用it作形式主语，其常用句型为：It is probable that...。 possible常用it作形式主语，其常用句型为：It is possible that...和It’s possible (for sb.) to do sth.。它们表可能性大小的顺序是：probable>likely>possible。夯实基础 (1)用likely，probable，possible填空 It is probable that they will win，which is likely to be announced at once，and it is possible for them to get a prize. (2)完成句子 I’ll do everything possible to help you. 我会尽一切可能帮助你。 As I’m going on a diet，I have to eat as little as possible. 我正在节食，得尽量少吃。 It is possible for him to finish the work within three hours. 要他在三小时内完成这项工作是可能的。 2 beyond one’s control超过某人控制范围 be under control处于控制之下 be in control (of sth.)控制着 in the control of受……的管理 out of control失控；无法管理 lose control of无法控制 You must learn how to control yourself. 你必须学会控制自己的情绪。夯实基础同义句改写 (1)He is in control of the club.(用club作主语改写句子) The club is in the control of him. (2)He lost control of his car.(用car作主语改写句子) His car was out of control. 3 contact n.联系，联络；接触；触摸touch；会见；交往；人际关系；v.联系；联络communicate with make contact with＝get in contact with与……取得联系lose contact with＝be out of contact with与……失去联系keep in contact with与……保持联系come in/into contact with和……接触He was in direct contact with the kidnappers. 他与绑架者有直接联系。 When she first contacted me，Frances was upset. 弗朗西丝第一次与我联系时很心烦意乱。夯实基础同义句改写 I have lost contact with most of my university friends.(用be out of contact with改写句子) I have been out of contact with most of my university friends. 4access n.接近的方法means；通路path；road；入径way；使用或见到的机会；权利常与to连用opportunity，or right to use；可接近性 have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有……的机会；可以接近；进入 give access to准许进入/接近 accessible adj.可到达的；易懂的；随和的 be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的 I know you are interested in Chinese culture，especially Chinese drama，in consequence of which you are studying in China，and now you have great access to it. 我知道你对中国文化，尤其是中国戏剧很感兴趣，也正因为这你正在中国学习，现在你可以了解它了。(2017·天津·书面表达) Women have no access to education in old days. 在过去，妇女没有受教育的权利。特别提醒 access前通常不加冠词，且access短语中的to是介词。夯实基础 I think it is a top priority for us to furnish the children with to the Internet. A．procedure B．allowance C．means D．access 答案　D 解析　access to接近，进入，使用……，符合题意。 Ⅰ.单项填空 1．—Why do you suggest we buy a new machine? —Because the old one has been damaged . A．beyond reach B．beyond words C．beyond control D．beyond description 答案　C 解析　答语句意为：——因为那台旧的已经坏到了无法控制的地步。beyond control无法控制，符合题意。 2．A club is a place to make frequent with friends. A．contrast B．contact C．contract D．content 答案　B 解析　句意为：俱乐部是一个与朋友进行频繁接触的地方。contact联系，联络，符合句意。contrast对比，对照；contract合同，契约；content目录，内容。 3．Please get that report done as soon as —the sooner the better. A．likely B．possible C．probable D．impossible 答案　B 4．Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be to the kids. A．accessible B．relative C．acceptable D．sensitive 答案　A 解析　考查形容词的辨析。be accessible to 为……能够接近；be relative to 和……有关系；be acceptable to 为……所接受；be sensitive to 对……敏感，易接受。 .汉译英我真的对这个职位感兴趣，希望能为你工作。(position)(2011·辽宁·书面表达) I’m really interested in this position and hope I can work for you. 1．She became a journalist and worked on the globe’s website. 2．He never shows off his knowledge. 3．Entering the room，he switched on the light and began to read a novel. 4．When he walked toward her nervously，he focused his attention on her. 5．He has said he would then step down as chairman. 　 1 work out锻炼；理解，弄懂；计算；详细拟定；解决问题；结果是 work at从事，致力于…… work as充当，作为……而工作 at/out of work在工作/失业 We had wanted to finish our task by noon，but it didn’t work out as planned. 我们本想中午前完成任务，但结果并没像计划的那样。 She is working on a new book. 她正在忙着写一本新书。词义辨析　work on，work at (1)work on意为“从事某项工作”，其后的名词表示具体的人或事，即指说服某人或完善、完成某事，另外，work on还有“继续工作”之意。 (2)work at意为“学习，研究，致力于”，其后的宾语常是problem，physics等。夯实基础用work on，work at的适当形式填空 (1)After a short rest，they worked on. (2)If you work hard at English，you’ll make progress soon. (3)He hasn’t decided yet.I’m still working on him. 2 bring sth.to light揭露；显露；揭发 come to light为人所知；变得众所周知 make light of轻视；对……等闲视之 throw light on/upon帮助弄清楚；阐明某事 Recent research has thrown new light on the causes of the disease. 最近的研究可以使人进一步了解导致这种疾病的原因。 I didn’t mean to make light of your injuries. 我不是说你的伤不重。夯实基础选词填空 (1)The new facts from the witnesses threw light on the matter. (2)Her face lit up with pleasure. (3)The truth of that matter came to light at last. Ⅰ.单项填空 1．To deal with the global financial crisis，China has a string of forceful measures over the past months. A．worked out B．found out C．turned out D．made out 答案　A 解析　句意为：为了应对全球金融危机，在过去的几个月里，中国已制定出一系列强有力的措施。work out制定出，符合句意。 2．In order to lose weight，the young lady prefers to regularly rather than take expensive weight­losing pills. A．hang out B．work out C．turn out D．figure out 答案　B 解析　句意为：为了减肥，这位女士更喜欢有规律的锻炼，而不是服用昂贵的减肥药。work out在此表“锻炼”，符合句意。 3．We shouldn’t the difficulties that this will cause. A．bring to light B．make light of C．come to light D．see the light 答案　B 解析　句意为：我们不应轻视这件事将会引起的困难。C、D两项后都不能跟宾语；A项不合题意；make light of轻视，故B项为正确答案。 4．Though the problem was difficult to understand，what he said it. A．made light of B．threw light on C．came to light D．saw the light 答案　B 解析　句意为：虽然这个问题很难明白，但他说的话有助于对它的理解。throw light on sth.帮助弄清楚某事，符合句意。 .汉译英而且，除了文本外，还有许多美丽多彩的图片，可以帮助我们更好地理解英语。(along with)(2017·辽宁·书面表达) What’s more，along with the texts there are many beautiful and colorful pictures，which can help us understand English better. 　 while有如下用法： (1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。 (2)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。 (3)引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。 (4)用作并列连词，意为“而；却”。 They rushed in while we were discussing the problems. 当我们在讨论问题的时候，他们冲了进来。 While all of them are strong candidates，only one will be chosen for the post. 尽管他们都是有实力的候选人，但是只有一个人会被选中担任这一职位。特别提醒 (1)引导时间状语从句时，动词必须是延续性的。 (2)当while从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句中含有动词be时，可以省去从句的主语和动词be。夯实基础翻译句子他还在读书时父亲就去世了。 His father died while he was still at school. 单项填空 1．We would join them for dinner . A．should they ask B．shall they ask C．if they ask D．whether they ask 答案　A 解析　由主句的结构可知这是对将来情况的虚拟，此时从句的结构是should do/were to do/did，如果从句省略if则构成部分倒装，故选A。 2．No sooner than it began to rain heavily. A．the game began B．has the game begun C．did the game begin D．had the game begun 答案　D 解析　no sooner...than句型中，no sooner置于句首，应用过去完成时且倒装。 3．—I’m green at everything. —Don’t worry. you get older，you’ll get more experience. A．As B．Till C．If D．While 答案　A 解析　as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……”。 　 1．Everything was placed exactly he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.(2017·天津，14) A．while B．when C．where D．though 答案　C 解析　句意为：为这次毕业典礼所准备的东西全部放在了他所预期的精确的位置上。根据句意以及题干中关键信息词was placed exactly以及he wanted it可知，强调的是一个地点概念，且句子不缺少任何成分，只缺一个地点状语与前文呼应。故答案为C项。 2．New technologies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.(2017·四川，2) A．that B．this C．one D．it 答案　D 解析　考查代词。题干为固定句型：make＋it＋adj.＋to do。其中it作形式宾语，替代动词不定式to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost。句意为：新兴科技已经使更快地、以更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。 3．Tsinghua University， in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(2011·福建，23) A．found B．founding C．founded D．to be founded 答案　C 解析　句意为：清华大学，建于1911年，是许多杰出人物的母校。found意指“建立，创立”，与主语Tsinghua University构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故排除表主动关系的B项founding，并且由时间状语in 1911可知，found动作早已完成，可排除表将来动作的D项to be founded，故用过去分词founded表示被动和完成，C项正确。此题中过去分词短语founded in 1911作后置定语，相当于非限制性定语从句which was founded in 1911。 4．The system has been designed to give students quick and easy to the digital resources of the library.(2009·浙江，6) A．access B．passage C．way D．approach 答案　A 解析　句意为：这个系统的目的在于让学生们方便快捷地使用图书馆的数字资源。access to为固定用法，意为“可以利用，可以达到”。