第二周 万变不离其宗的5种基本句式
句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子,其实英语中最基本的句式只有五种,其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来。五种基本句式如下:
一、主语+谓语(不及物动词)
该句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为:句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,这类动词叫作不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
①This_camp will open on July 20th. (2015·北京高考书面表达)
训练营将于7月20号开始。
②Bathed in the sunshine, we jumped and cheered with joy.(2017·江西高考书面表达)
沐浴在阳光中,我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。
[即时演练] 补全句子
1.为了保持健康,我们应该定期锻炼。
In order to keep fit, we_should_exercise_regularly.
2.因此,这种新鞋最近才问世。
Therefore, this_new_kind_of_shoes_has_come_into_being recently.(2017·湖南高考书面表达)
3.这里高楼林立、绿树成荫。
Here many_high_buildings_have_appeared with green trees growing quickly.
二、主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
该句式特点为:谓语动词均为实义动词,都是主语发出的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当),即动作的承受者,才能表达完整的意思。
①I appreciated my maths teacher’s praise and encouragement very much.(2015·湖南高考书面表达)
我非常感谢我的数学老师的称赞和鼓励。
②At the age of twelve, I got a nice bike as a birthday gift.(2017·重庆高考写作)
十二岁时,我得到了一辆漂亮的自行车作为生日礼物。
[点津] 该句式的谓语动词要用及物动词或及物动词短语。
③As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates.(2015·陕西高考书面表达)
作为一名外向的女孩,我和同学们相处得很好。
[即时演练] 补全句子
1.最后,我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。
Finally, we_should_take_part_in_sports_and_outdoor_activities frequently.(2017·江西高考书面表达)
2.最近几年,我们已经互相培养了良好的友谊。
Over the years, we_have_developed_a_good_friendship with each other.
3.当今,许多大城市的人们在抱怨交通拥堵。
Nowadays, people in many big cities are_complaining_about_the_heavy_traffic.
三、主语+系动词+表语
该句式就是常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样,谓语动词需用系动词(主要是be动词),表语多为形容词,也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。
①The_“Foreign_Cultures”_section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
我们报纸的“外国文化”栏目非常受我们学生的欢迎。
②As a matter of fact, failure isn’t so terrible.(2017·湖南高考满分作文)
实际上,失败并非那么可怕。
[即时演练] 补全句子
1.在我看来,一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。
In my opinion, a person without friends can_never_be_happy.(2017·山东高考写作)
2.总而言之,乡村生活比城市生活对健康更有利。
In conclusion, country_life_is_more_beneficial to health than city life.
四、主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
该句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语;一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面,直接宾语在后面。
①What_the_girl_did taught us a valuable lesson.
这个小女孩的所作所为给我们上了有价值的一课。
②At the same time, parents are giving their children too much protection.(2017·福建高考满分作文)
同时,父母给孩子的保护太多了。
[即时演练] 补全句子
1.格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们作一场报告。
Mr._Green_will_give_us_a_speech on how to learn English well.
2.幸运的是,她答应给我一个重新面试的机会。
Fortunately, she_promised_me_another_chance to interview.
五、主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语
该句式中的谓语虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语,才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的,直接跟在宾语之后。
①Your_contribution will certainly make the event a huge success.(2017·辽宁高考书面表达)
你的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。
②For a start, I feel really delighted that I’ve won the first prize in the competition, which gets me to understand the true meaning of the proverb “no pains, no gains”.
首先,我确实高兴在比赛中我获得一等奖,这使我理解了“不劳无获”谚语的真正含义。
[即时演练] 补全句子
1.作为一名中学生,我认为英语是一门非常重要的科目。
As a high school student, I_consider_English_a_very_important_subject.
2.从古代起,人们就把早起视为好习惯。
People have_regarded_getting_up_early_as_a_good_habit since ancient times.
[综合演练提能]
Ⅰ.写出下列句子所属的类型
1.In other words, we are the master of our own future.
主语+系动词+表语
2.This morning our teacher told us something about the Hope Project in class.
主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
3.A blind man was walking slowly and carefully with a stick in his hand.
主语+谓语(不及物动词)
4.Should we sacrifice our children’s future for our own interests?
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
5.Friends made my life full of excitement, imagination and romance.
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语
Ⅱ.按要求补全句子
1.现在在中学里课外活动正变得越来越普及。(主语+系动词+表语)
Nowadays afterclass activities are_becoming_more_and_more_popular in high schools.
2.我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。(主语+谓语+宾语)
We haven’t decided when_to_discuss_the_problem_again.
3.奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个有趣的故事。(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)
Granny told_me_a_very_interesting_story last night.
4.每天早上我们都能听到他大声朗读英语。(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
Every morning we hear him read_English_aloud.
5.早睡早起是个好习惯。(主语+系动词+表语,动名词作主语)
Going_to_bed_early_and_getting_up_early is a good habit.
6.最近10年,我的家乡发生了巨大变化。(主语+谓语)
Great_changes_have_taken_place in my hometown in the past ten years.
7.你会发现英语是通往如此丰富知识的桥梁。(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
You will find English_a_bridge to so much knowledge.
8.我真的很感谢你过来帮我补习数学。(主语+谓语+宾语,动名词复合结构作宾语)
I really appreciate_your_coming_over to help me with my math.
Ⅲ.按要求完成下列题目
(Ⅰ)用简单句翻译下列各句,并标出所属的基本句式
1.你已经让我了解了你们美丽的城市。
You’ve_let_me_know_about_your_beautiful_city.(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
2. 我将要告诉你有关我的家乡江城的一些事情。
I’ll_tell_you_something_about_my_hometown_Jiangcheng.(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)
3.这座城市位于长江沿岸。
The_city_stands_on_the_bank_of_the_Yangtze_River.(主语+谓语)
4.它是一个供人们居住的美丽的地方。
It_is_a_beautiful_place_for_people_to_live_in.(主语+系动词+表语)
5.近十年来它的经济一直在迅猛发展。
Its_economy_has_been_developing_rapidly_in_the_past_ten_years.(主语+谓语)
6.像污染一样的新问题正变得越来越严重。
_New_problems,_such_as_pollution_are_becoming_more_and_more_serious.(主语+系动词+表语)
7.江城应该科学地发展经济。
Jiangcheng_should_develop_its_economy_scientifically._(主语+谓语+宾语)
8.这种发展应该使得人们越来越幸福。
The_development_should_make_its_people_happier_and_happier.(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
(Ⅱ)适当添加细节用6个简单句将(Ⅰ)中的句子合并成一篇短文
You’ve_let_me_know_about_your_beautiful_city._Now_I’ll_tell_you_something_about_my_hometown_Jiangcheng._The_city_stands_on_the_bank_of_the_Yangtze_River,_a_beautiful_place_for_people_to_live_in._Its_economy_has_been_developing_rapidly_in_the_past_ten_years._However,_new_problems,_such_as_pollution_are_becoming_more_and_more_serious._Jiangcheng_should_develop_its_economy_scientifically_so_as_to_make_its_people_happier_and_happier.
UK education officials seek math-teaching tips in Shanghai
Bun chain steamed in brand kerfuffle
Shanghai gets first Sino-US high school
Gaokao gets accepted by overseas universities
Crimea to vote on joining Russia
Hunts for fugitives to intensify
Deputies eye national anti-terrorism law
Japan marks 3 years since disaster
Private cars remain popular in Beijing despite heavy smog
China talent top worry for US firms
Guns in America more deadly than smog
Zhongshan suits make comeback
Xi slated to sign flurry of deals in Europe
US 'rejects' Crimea independence
Guizhou aims to become big data hub
California honors origin of kung fu
Great Wall graffiti gets free hand
US opens expanded consulate facility in booming Guangzhou
European universities growing in popularity among students
Prosperity poised to blossom
Nokia calls on Android O/S in reversal of fortune bid
Xi pledges to bolster nuclear security
PBOC to regulate online finance
Family members start committee to deliver demands
Yanukovych allegedly sighted in Moscow
Sports stars want new schools to combine academics, athletics
Organ donor registry aims to save lives
Use of the death penalty set to be reduced
Questions linger after somber announcement
Libyan PM ousted after oil tanker escapes port
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |