（豫皖京闽粤通用）2017届高考英语北师大版一轮自主复习学案：book4 Unit 10《money》

　　话题词汇

　　1．currency n．通货，货币

　　2．wages n．工资，报酬

　　3．bonus n．红利；奖金；意外收获

　　4．bargain n．& vi.讨价还价；便宜货

　　5．fee n．费，报酬

　　6．tip n．小费

　　7．earn vt.挣得，赚得

　　8．tax n．税；税款

　　9．greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的

　　10．income n．收入

　　11．earnings n．薪水，工资

　　12．credit card信用卡

　　13．expensive adj.昂贵的

　　14．cheap adj.便宜的

　　经典语篇 (2017·新课标全国Ⅱ)

　　假定你是李华，自制了一些中国结(Chinese knot)。给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖，要点包括：

　　1．外观(尺寸、颜色、材料)

　　2．象征意义

　　3．价格

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

　　佳作欣赏

　　Dear Tom，

　　How are you doing？I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me.I made them myself with red silk threads，cloth and other materials.They look really beautiful in the shape of a diamond，about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide.① In China，these knots stand for friendship，love and good luck.People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses.② They are only 12.99 US dollars each.If anyone wants to know more about the knots，let them write to me.Also，do let me know if you need further information.③ Thank you!

　　Li Hua

　　思维发散

　　1．把第①句改为复合句

　　They look really beautiful which are in the shape of a diamond，about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide.

　　2．用not only...but also...或as well as改写第②句

　　People can not only give them as gifts to friends but also hang them in their houses./People can hang them in their houses as well as give them as gifts to friends.

　　3．用besides改写第③句

　　Besides，do let me know if you need further information.

　　4．仿照第③句翻译句子

　　为了您的家庭幸福，务必遵守交通规则。

　　For the happiness of your family，do obey traffic rules.

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A．写作单词

　　1．native (adj.)出生地的，本土的

　　2．fluently (adv.)流利地

　　fluency (n.)流利，流畅

　　fluent (adj.)流利的

　　3．achievement (n.)成就，完成

　　achieve (vt.)完成

　　4．earn (vt.)挣得，赚得

　　5．determine (vt.)确定，决定

　　determination (n.)决心

　　determined (adj.)坚定的，决心的

　　6．hardworking (adj.)勤奋的

　　7．rude (adj.)无礼的，粗鲁的

　　8．bargain (n.)便宜货；(vi.)讨价还价

　　9．product (n.)产品；出品

　　production (n.)生产，产量

　　10．balance (n.)平衡

　　11．remove (vt.)移开，挪走

　　12．importance (n.)重要(性)

　　important (adj.)重要的

　　13．behave (vi.)举止，表现

　　behavior (n.)举止，表现

　　14．practical (adj.)实用的；实践的

　　practice (n.)实践

　　15．freedom (n.)自由

　　free (adj.)自由的；免费的

　　16．focus (n.)焦点；调焦

　　(vt.)聚焦于，集中注意力于……

　　17．puzzle (vt.)使困惑

　　puzzled (adj.)困惑的

　　B．阅读单词

　　18．motivate (vt.)使有动机，促使，激发

　　motivation (n.)动力，诱因

　　19．technique (n.)技巧，技术

　　technology (n.)技术(总称)

　　20．variety (n.)多样化，多样性

　　21．percentage (n.)百分比(率)

　　percent (n.)百分之……

　　22．exist (vi.)存在，生存

　　existence (n.)存在，生存

　　23．bow (vi.)鞠躬；点头

　　24．defeat (vt.)战胜，击败

　　25．enjoyable (adj.)使人快乐的

　　26．concern (vt.)使忧虑；与……相关

　　concerned (adj.)担心的；忧虑的

　　27．aware (adj.)知道的，意识到的

　　awareness (n.)意识，明白，知道

　　28．drunk (adj.)(酒)醉的

　　29．enthusiastic (adj.)很感兴趣的，热情的

　　enthusiasm (n.)热情，激情

　　30．aggressive (adj.)好斗的；有进取心的

　　31．annoy (vt.)使烦恼，打搅

　　annoyed (adj.)烦恼的；生气的

　　annoying (adj.)令人烦恼的

　　32．comment (v.&n.)评论

　　33．amusement (n.)乐趣，娱乐活动

　　amused (adj.)逗乐的，有趣的

　　amusing (adj.)有趣的，好笑的

　　34．appeal (vi.)吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁，恳求

　　35．approximately (adv.)近似地，大约地

　　36．contain (vt.)包含，含有

　　37．advance (vi.)前进；取得进展

　　(n.)进展，进步

　　advanced (adj.)高级的，先进的

　　38．signal (n.)信号，暗号

　　39．replace (vt.)代替，取代

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1．put off推迟

　　2．at present目前，现在

　　3．out of work失业

　　4．give away赠送；泄露(秘密)

　　5．drop out退出，退学

　　6．give up放弃

　　7．be tired of厌倦

　　8．agree with同意，赞同

　　9．make up组成；构成；编造；虚构；化妆

　　10．instead of代替，而不是

　　11．turn one’s back on不理睬，拒绝

　　12．be associated with与……有关

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1．You will have someone to talk English with.

　　你需要有人和你一起说英语。

　　2．One view is that English is going to become even more important as a global language...

　　一个观点是英语作为全球性的语言，它将会变得更重要……

　　3．They spend half their time dreaming up ways of getting rich，and the rest of their time thinking about all the enjoyable things they would do once they got rich.

　　他们一半的时间用在幻想变富有的方法上，另一半的时间用在思考一旦变得富有以后该做的快乐的事情上。

　　4．If so，it is time for you to think again.

　　如果是这样的话，你就需要再重新考虑一下了。

　　5．There is no doubt that it will help us to cure all sorts of illnesses.

　　毫无疑问，它将帮助我们治愈各种疾病。

　　6．They are very practical and easy to wash.

　　它们非常实用，而且便于清洗。

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　A lot of people are 1.determined(determine) to become a millionaire.They hope to do all the enjoyable things once they get rich.2.Actually(actual)，some millionaires continue to be 3.concerned(concern) about money, so they are hardworking 4.to make(make) sure they never lose it.5.However，there are some people who don’t want to be a millionaire.Charles Gray was a millionaire a few years ago，but he was tired of 6.being(be) a person who had everything in a world 7.where many people had nothing.So he gave all his money away to charities.Charles now lives in a small dormitory room where there is only second­hand furniture.8.Though he has given away all his money，he lives a 9.happier(happy) life than before.When 10.asked(ask) whether there were any things he missed, he replied he wouldn’t go back to being rich for anything.

　　1

　　defeat vt.战胜；击败；n.失败，战败，挫败

　　(1)He refused to acknowledge that he was defeated.

　　他拒绝承认他被打败了。

　　(2)I never consider the possibility of defeat.

　　我从未考虑有失败的可能性。

　　[词义辨析]　defeat，beat，win

　　(1)defeat和beat后都接sb.作宾语。在游戏和比赛中常用beat，侧重于比赛中击败对手；defeat既可以指比赛，又可以指战场上战胜对手。

　　(2)beat除有打败的意思外，还有“拍打，敲打，锤砸”的意思。

　　(3)win后接比赛、辩论、战斗、奖品等名词，表示荣获，赢得。

　　多维训练

　　用defeat，beat，win的正确形式填空

　　(1)They won the basketball match.

　　(2)He was defeated/beaten at chess.

　　(3)She was beating dust out of the carpet when I saw her.

　　(4)Who do you think will win the next election?

　　2

　　determine v.决定decide；下定决心；查明discover；测定；支配control；影响

　　[应试指导]　形容词作状语的考查

　　[多词一义]　make up one’s mind，decide

　　(1)He determined to go at once.

　　他决定立刻就走。

　　(2)There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them.

　　这个地方有许多潜水点，拉里决定到各个潜水点去看看。(2017·江西)

　　多维训练

　　(1)用determine的正确形式填空

　　①From his determined look，we can know his confidence.

　　②This work needs long patience and determination.

　　(2)一句多译

　　他们决定早些出发。

　　①They determined to start early.(determine to do)

　　②They determined on/upon starting early. (determine on/upon)

　　(3)同义句改写

　　Johnny broke away and ran outside and he was determined never to go to another dance.(用形容词短语作状语改写)

　　Johnny broke away and ran outside，determined never to go to another dance.

　　3

　　concern v.影响affect；涉及involve，与……有关be connected with；让某人担忧be worried about；n.担心，忧虑；关心

　　[应试指导]　过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义的区别

　　(1)concerned adj.(作表语或前置定语)担心的；忧虑的；感兴趣的；(作后置定语)有关的，涉及的；参与的

　　as far as sb.be concerned就某人而言

　　对……担心/关心

　　与……有关

　　(2)concerning prep.关于

　　(1)The breaking of a taboo is usually upsetting or embarrassing for the person concerned and the people around him or her.

　　打破禁忌经常会令与他/她有关的人和周围的人生气或尴尬。(2015·湖南师大附中期末)

　　(2)China shouldn’t be concerned about the short­term，but must focus on the long­term growth of the country.

　　中国不应该关注短期(发展)而是必须把精力集中在国家的长期发展上。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Concerning the toll­free policy on the express way，what concerns us most is the traffic jams while some are concerned about the safety.(concern)

　　②The theory of relativity is concerned with two seemingly opposite ideas.

　　(2)一句多译

　　就我个人来说，第二课堂让我改变了许多。

　　①As far as I am concerned，I have changed a lot because of the second class.(concerned)

　　②As to me，I have changed a lot because of the second class.(as to)

　　③With/In regard to me，I have changed a lot because of the second class.(regard)

　　4

　　aware adj.知道的knowing；意识到的；察觉到的conscious

　　[应试指导]　be aware of作为高级词汇代替realize

　　be/become aware of sth./that...知道；明白；意识到……

　　make sb.aware of sth.让某人注意到……

　　so/as far as I’m aware据我所知

　　(1)Are you aware that you are sitting on my hat?

　　你知道你坐在我的帽子上了吗？

　　(2)So far as I’m aware，this is the first time a British rider has won the competition.

　　据我所知，这是英国骑师第一次赢得这项竞赛。

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①Ordinary woman though she is，she tries every means to make people aware of the importance(让人们意识到……的重要性) of the environment conservation.

　　②So/As far as I’m aware(据我所知)，he’s an honest man.

　　(2)一句多译

　　我们知道他是无罪的。

　　①We are aware of his innocence.(of)

　　②We are aware that he is innocent.(that)

　　(3)单句改错

　　He is very aware that the old days are gone forever.very→well/much

　　5

　　bargain vi.与某人就某事讨价还价discuss the price；商讨条件to discuss to reach an agreement；n.减价品，便宜货；协议，交易agreement

　　1bargain with sb.about/over...＝make a bargain with sb.about/over sth.就……和某人讨价还价

　　bargain for/on预料到；料想到

　　2a good/bad bargain买得不合算

　　It’s a real bargain.这可真是个便宜货。

　　(1)Dealers bargain with growers over the price of coffee.

　　商人与种植者就咖啡的价格进行商洽。

　　(2)You’ve got a good bargain there.

　　你做了一笔很划算的交易。

　　多维训练

　　(1)In my opinion，the car was a bargain at that price.

　　在我看来，那辆车的价格真便宜。

　　(2)I bargained with the taxi driver about/over the price.

　　我与出租车司机讨价还价。

　　(3)The exam was more difficult than I had bargained for/on.

　　这次考试之难出乎我的意料。

　　(4)I’ll make a bargain with you.I’ll play hostess if you’ll include Matthew in your guest­list.

　　我们说定了，如果你能把马修也邀请来的话我就做东。

　　6

　　annoy vt.使恼怒，使生气make sb.angry；打扰bother

　　1annoy sb.with/by因……而使某人烦恼

　　2annoyed adj.烦恼的，恼火的

　　be/got annoyed at/about sth.因某事而生气

　　be/got annoyed with sb.对某人生气

　　3to one’s annoyance使某人生气的是

　　4annoying adj.讨厌的；恼人的

　　(1)Try making a note of the things which annoy you.

　　试着把烦心事写下来。

　　(2)He got very annoyed with me about my carelessness.

　　他因我的粗心大意而对我很生气。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用annoy的正确形式填空

　　①Brown said he was by no means annoyed；on the contrary，he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.

　　②The annoying thing about the scheme is that it’s confusing.

　　③To her annoyance，the stranger did not go away.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　①Brown said by no means was he annoyed；on the contrary，he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.(用倒装句改写上题句①)

　　②What annoyed her was that the stranger did not go away.(用主语从句改写上题句③)

　　7

　　appeal n.呼吁；恳求request；吸引力attraction；上诉；v.呼吁；恳求request；上诉；有吸引力attract

　　[应试指导]　(1)appeal to作为高级词汇替换attract；(2)环境保护类写作高频词汇

　　1appeal to sb.for/to do...向某人呼吁……/恳求某人做……

　　appeal to sb.吸引某人；投合某人所好

　　appeal to force诉诸武力

　　2make an appeal to sb.向某人提出呼吁

　　have no appeal for sb.引不起某人的兴趣

　　(1)The Prime Minister appealed to young people to use their vote.

　　首相呼吁年轻人行使他们的投票权。

　　(2)Music has little appeal for me.

　　音乐引不起我的兴趣。

　　多维训练

　　(1)同义句改写

　　On the other hand，the idea attracted him.

　　On the other hand，the idea appealed to him.

　　(2)一句多译

　　他呼吁其他领导人为这项事业捐款。

　　①He appealed to other leaders to donate to the cause.(appeal v．)

　　②He made an appeal to other leaders to donate to the cause.(appeal n．)

　　8

　　behave v.举动；举止或行为表现

　　[应试指导]　人物介绍类写作高频词汇

　　1behave oneself举止规矩

　　behave well/badly举止良好/糟糕

　　2behaviour n.举止；行为；习性

　　(1)He behaved well in class today.

　　他今天课上表现很好。

　　(2)Trust is a learned behaviour that we gain from past experiences.(2015·全国Ⅰ)

　　信任是我们从以往经历中获得的习得行为。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①They were expected to behave themselves(they)．

　　②They behaved badly(bad) towards their guests.

　　③Some people maintain that watching violence on TV is one of the major causes of aggressive behaviour(behave) and crime in society.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　He behaved well and was praised by his parents.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)

　　Behaving well，he was praised by his parents.

　　9

　　advance n.进步，进展development；v.前进，行进move forward；发展，进步develop

　　1advance on/towards sb./sth.向某人/物前进

　　2in advance预先；事先；预付,in advance of在……前头

　　make an advance/advances 取得进步

　　3advanced adj.先进的；高级的；深奥的

　　(1)Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in.

　　只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。

　　(2)He came well in advance of the rest of the group.

　　他比组里其他人来得早。

　　(3)Science has made great advances in the last fifty years.

　　在过去50年里科学进步得很快。

　　[特别提醒]

　　advance本身已有“向前”的意思，因此不必再用forward。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Advanced(advance) technology was brought into the local factory last year.As a result，the daily output has doubled by now.

　　②Name three advances in science and technology at this time.

　　③The crowd advanced towards/on the station.

　　④A robot will do what people tell it to do，however advanced(advance) it may be.

　　(2)一句多译

　　我们预付他一个月的工资。

　　①We advanced him a month’s salary.(advance v．)

　　②We paid him a month’s salary in advance.(advance n．)

　　10

　　replace v.把……放回原处；更换；代替

　　1replace...with...用……替换……

　　2in place of代替

　　take one’s place就位；就座；取代某人

　　take the place of代替

　　(1)My daughter replaced the cup carefully in the saucer.

　　我女儿小心翼翼地把杯子放回茶碟。

　　(2)I’m going to replace my old car with a new one.

　　我打算买辆新车来替换那辆旧车。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用replace短语的正确形式填空

　　①It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.

　　②No teacher can take the place of our parents because they are our most devoted and best teachers.

　　(2)一句多译

　　他将代替汤姆参加会议。

　　①He will take the place of Tom to attend the meeting.(take the place of)

　　②He will attend the meeting in place of Tom.(in place of)

　　③He will take Tom’s place to attend the meeting.(take one’s place)

　　11

　　give away赠送；泄漏秘密；出卖；颁发；分发

　　[应试指导]　give短语语境词义辨析

　　give up放弃

　　give off放出；排出

　　give out用完；分发；公布；精疲力竭

　　give way to给……让路

　　give in屈服，投降；让步

　　(1)Someone in the group gave him away to the police.

　　团伙中有人向警察告发了他。

　　(2)The car stopped when the petrol gave out.

　　当汽油用完时汽车停了下来。

　　多维训练

　　(1)写出下列句子中give away的汉语意思

　　①He gave away most of his money to charity.捐赠，赠送

　　②Nobody knows I’ve done this，so please don’t give me away.出卖

　　③The headmaster gave away the prizes at the sports meeting.颁发，分发

　　(2)短语填空

　　give off，give up，give in，give way to，give out

　　①Mr.Green opened the door and gave way to the old man.

　　②He helped the teacher give out the papers.

　　③He was told by the doctor to give up smoking.

　　④These planets do not give off light of their own.

　　⑤The enemy were forced to give in.

　　12

　　drop out退学，辍学leave school/college；退出，脱离

　　drop back/behind落在后面；后退；落后

　　drop off下降，减退

　　drop in on sb.顺便拜访某人

　　drop in at sp.顺便到访某地

　　(1)If you decide to do something，never drop out half way.

　　如果决定做某事，就不要半途而废。

　　(2)I thought I’d drop in on you while I was passing.

　　我曾想路过时顺便来看看你。

　　多维训练

　　用drop短语的正确形式填空

　　(1)Don’t drop behind the others on the trail in case you get lost.

　　(2)On my way home I dropped in at his house.

　　(3)Her popularity has dropped off recently.

　　(4)She started a degree but dropped out after only a year.

　　13

　　motivate vt.使有动机，促使，激发

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)The murder was motivated(motivate) by hatred.

　　(2)There is a special motivation for these actions.

　　(3)Jack is an intelligent pupil，but he lacks motivation(motivate)．

　　14

　　achievement n.完成；成就；功绩

　　多维训练

　　(1)用achieve的正确形式填空

　　①Achieving a high degree of proficiency in English as a foreign language is not a mysterious process without scientific basis.

　　②No matter how she tries，she can’t equal her sister’s achievements.

　　(2)Seeing the lines of trees，we all had a sense of achievement(成就感)．

　　(3)You have all the reasons in the world to achieve your dreams(追求你的梦想)．

　　15

　　earn vt.挣得，赚得；得到；博得

　　多维训练

　　(1)He used to earn his living by fishing(靠打鱼为生)．

　　(2)His honesty earned him a good fame/reputation(为他赢得了好名声)．

　　16

　　pleased adj.高兴的，满意的

　　多维训练

　　(1)用please的正确形式填空

　　①I’m so pleased that you’re able to come to my birthday party.

　　②I hope you will have a pleasant/pleasing journey.

　　③Our main aim is to please the customers.

　　④He showed no sign of pleasure at seeing her.

　　(2)I am very pleased with what he has done.

　　我对他所做的很满意。

　　17

　　ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的feeling shame or embarrassment about

　　多维训练

　　(1)用shameful，ashamed填空

　　①We thought his behaviour was shameful.

　　②I’m ashamed to leave you this way.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　He was ashamed of what happened and bowed his head.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　Ashamed of what happened，he bowed his head.

　　18

　　comment n.议论，评论argument；解释explanation；批评，指责criticism；v.表达意见；发表评论express an opinion

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)I don’t feel I can comment on their decision.

　　(2)I don’t feel I can make comments on their decision.

　　(3)Commenting(comment) on others too much does no good.

　　(4)Customers leave negative comments(comment) on the website Taobao.com to show their dissatisfaction with online service.

　　19

　　contain v.包含，含有；容纳hold；控制，抑制control

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(he)．

　　(2)The others were fed a normal diet，containing(contain) 20% protein.

　　20

　　remove v.移走；去掉；去除；脱去

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①We are removing from London to the country.

　　②Three children were removed from school.

　　③Students removed several desks to another classroom.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　After he removed fears from his mind，he felt relaxed.

　　①With fears removed from his mind，he felt relaxed.(用with复合结构改写)

　　②Fears removed from his mind，he felt relaxed.(用独立主格结构改写)

　　21

　　out of work＝out of a job失业

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①We have 40 hours at work at the most each week.

　　我们每周至多工作四十小时。

　　②He has been out of work for three years.

　　他已经失业三年了。

　　(2)单句改错

　　He out of his work and had to stay at home.out前加was

　　22

　　If so，it is time for you to think again.

　　如果是这样的话，你就需要再重新考虑一下了。

　　句型公式：if so

　　1if so如果是这样的话，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式

　　表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。

　　2if构成的其他省略形式：

　　if any如果有的话

　　if possible如果可能的话

　　if necessary如果必要的话

　　if ever如果曾经发生过的话

　　(1)If so，you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.

　　如果是这样的话，那么你对于幸福的本质有一些错误的观点了。

　　(2)If possible，call to find out about the company dress code before the interview.

　　如有可能，面试之前打电话找出该公司的衣着规范。

　　多维训练

　　同义句改写(改为省略形式)

　　(1)If it is possible，you should try it once more.

　　If possible，you should try it once more.

　　(2)Wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if there are any.

　　Wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if any.

　　(3)Some of you may have finished Unit 1.If you have done so，you can go on to Unit 2.

　　Some of you may have finished Unit 1.If so，you can go on to Unit 2.

　　——同义句改写

　　(1)All the students are not good at maths.

　　Not all the students are good at maths.

　　(2)Tom isn’t a student.Jack isn’t a student，either.

　　Tom isn’t a student；neither is Jack.

　　(3)It is said that the Chinese football team has won the game.

　　The Chinese football team is said to have won the game.

　　(4)We made Tom repair the car.

　　Tom was made to repair the car.

　　(5)I don’t know what I should do.

　　I don’t know what to do.