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2017届高考英语一轮单元总复习教案精品荟萃:外研版必修一Module 4《A Social Survey—My Neighbourhood》

发布时间:2017-02-23  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  2017届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修一Module 4

  知识详解

  ① approach  v. 接近;靠近;走近 n. 接近;通路;方法

  (回归课本P32)Now we’re leaving the business district and approaching the harbour.

  现在我们正离开商业区,快到海港了。

  approach sth./sb.靠近,接近某事/某人

  at the approach of在……将到的时候

  approach sb.about /on sth.为某事与某人打交道an /the approach to...……的方法/步骤

  【归纳总结】

  ① As we approached

  the lamb,it was frightened away.

  我们走近小羊时,它被吓跑了。

  ② The best approach to learning a foreign language is the study of the spoken language.

  学习外语的最好的途径是学口语。

  ③The leaves were turning brown with the approach of autumn.

  随着秋天的临近,树叶变成了褐色。

  ④All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police.

  所有通往机场的路都被警方封锁了。

  【例句探源】

  1.At the class meeting they discussed three different________to the study of English.

  A.approachesB.means

  C.methods

  D.ways

  解析:选A。句意是:在班会上,他们谈论了三种不同的英语学习方法。根据后面的介词to可知,此题要用approaches。means,method和way虽然都表示相同的意义,但它们后面常接of doing或to do。

  【即境活用】

  2.完成句子

  __________________ the problem has not been worked out.

  这个问题的解决方法还没有制订出来。

  答案:The approach to

  ② exchange  vt.& vi.& n. 交换,交流,兑换

  (回归课本P37)There are museums, cinemas,theatres,art galleries,parks, coffee bars,clubs and many other places where people can meet and exchange ideas.

  人们可以在博物馆、电影院、剧院、美术馆、公园、咖啡馆、俱乐部以及许多其他的地方见面并交流思想。

  exchange A for B 以A 换 B

  exchange sth.with sb.同某人交换某物

  in exchange for 以……换……

  make an exchange交换

  exchange words争吵,吵架

  【归纳总结】

  【例句探源】

  ①We exchanged our opinions about the event at the meeting.

  在会上,我们就此事交换了意见。

  ②He gave me an apple in exchange for an orange.

  他给我一个苹果,交换一个橙子。

  ③We’ll have an opportunity to exchange views with our teachers tomorrow.

  明天我们将有机会与老师交换看法。

  ④They have offered to release the hostages, but what do they want in exchange?

  他们提出可以释放人质,但他们想要什么作为交换?

  【易混辨析】

  change, exchange

  (1)change 通常指一个人或一件东西的本质、状态、外表或形状等方面的根本“改变”。另外change 表示“换去”,不是“换来”,如自行车旧了,换辆新的,不能说change a new bike,要说change the old bike。

  (2)exchange表示两人或双方相互交换,交换的对象可以是具体的人或事物,也可以是抽象的行为动作,表示行为动作的名词通常是复数形式,有时也可用单数形式。

  ①His new shoes didn’t fit so he took them back to the shop and changed them.

  ②Would you mind exchanging places with me so that I can be nearer (to) the fire?

  3.He________his old car for a new model as soon as he had won the money.

  A.exchangedB.replaced

  C.translated

  D.removed

  解析:选A。句意是:他赢了钱后就把他的旧车换成了新车。此句要用exchange 构成exchange...for...短语表示“把……换成……”。replace 替换,后面的介词要用with;translate 翻译成;remove除掉。

  【即境活用】

  ③ afford  vt. 买得起,有能力支付;(有时间)做;承担得起(后果);提供,给予

  (回归课本P39)

  The price of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there.

  房子价格上涨,那一地区的人们在城里买不起房子。

  【归纳总结】

  afford to do sth.负担得起干……(费用)

  【例句探源】

  ①Television affords pleasure to many people.

  电视给很多人带来乐趣。

  ②We can’t afford to go on vacation this year.

  今年我们没钱去度假。

  ③(高考重庆卷)I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.

  我担心他可能没有钱,买不起吃的东西。

  【即境活用】

  4. If we could________three weeks, we’d like to go abroad for our holidays.

  A.affordB.take

  C.cost

  D.spend

  解析:选A。根据句意“如是我们能抽出三周时间就会去国外度假”知应选A。

  5.完成句子

  We ____________________such a price.

  我们支付不起这个价。

  答案:can’t afford to pay

  ④ survive  vt. 比……活得长,幸免于 

  vi. 死里逃生,大难不死

  (回归课本P39)

  All these things mean that many villages in western Europe are fighting to survive.

  所有这些都意味着西欧许多村庄都在为生存而斗争。

  【归纳总结】

  survive sth.从(事故/火灾/地震等)……中幸存下来

  survive sb.比……活的时间长/寿命长

  survive on sth.靠……继续维持生活

  ①Those who survived the Wenchuan earthquake have received timely aid.

  那些在汶川地震中幸存下来的人获得了及时的救助。

  ②The old man was the only person who survived in the plane crash.

  这位老人是飞机坠毁事件中的唯一生还者。

  ③I don’t know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy’s salary.

  我真不知道你们只靠杰里米的薪金是怎样过活的。

  ④Scientific research shows that women tend to survive their husbands.

  科学研究表明妇女往往比她们的丈夫寿命长。

  【例句探源】

  【即境活用】

  6.Little Tom was the only one of his family to________that big earthquake.

  A.remainB.leave

  C.live

  D.survive

  解析:选D。句意:小汤姆是这家人在那次大地震中幸存的唯一一位。survive“幸存,存活”。

  7.完成句子

  There are concerns that the refugees may not ______________________.

  人们担心那些难民可能熬不过冬天。

  答案:survive the winter

  ⑤ contact  n. 接触,联系;交往,熟人关系

  vt.& vi. 联络,联系(某人)

  (回归课本P40)Contact your neighbourhood committee.

  联系一下你所在的居委会。

  【归纳总结】

  make contact with (想办法)联络,联系(人)

  get into/in contact with与……取得联系

  lose contact with与……失去联系

  be in /out of contact with与……有(没有)联系

  keep in contact with与……保持联系

  ①Please contact/make contact with me if you have any questions.

  如果有问题请和我联系。

  ②You’d better get into contact with him as soon as possible.

  你最好尽快跟他联系。

  ③We stay in contact with each other by telephone.

  我们通过电话保持联系。

  【例句探源】

  【即境活用】

  8.The journalist had________in Paris and he managed to get into________with her.

  A.contact;contactB.a contact;a contact

  C.contact;a contact

  D.a contact;contact

  解析:选D。contact 作“熟人”讲时是可数名词,前面加不定冠词 a;get into contact with是固定搭配,此时不需要任何冠词。

  9.完成句子

  Have you been _______________him recently?

  你最近和他有联系吗?

  答案:in contact with

  ⑥ put up  修建;张贴;(为……)提供膳宿;提高(价钱)

  (回归课本P32)They’ve

  put up a lot of highrise buildings recently.

  最近,他们建起了许多摩天大厦。

  put away收拾;储存(钱)

  put aside储存;留出;把……放在一边暂不考虑

  put forward提出(意见、建议等)

  put off延期;推迟

  put on假装;表演,上演(戏剧);穿上,戴上

  put out 熄灭,扑灭

  put up with忍受,忍耐

  put down批评;写下,记下;镇压

  【归纳总结】

  ①They are putting up several new buildings in that block.

  他们正在那一街区建几幢新楼房。

  ②The names of the successful candidates will be put up on the college notice board.

  录取名单将公布在学院布告栏里。

  ③They agreed to put

  two foreign students up over the summer.

  他们同意夏季为两个外国留学生提供膳宿。

  【例句探源】

  【即境活用】

  10.(高考陕西卷)A notice was________in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.

  A.sent upB.given up

  C.set up

  D.put up

  解析:选D。句意是:通知已张贴出来了,目的是为了提醒学生讲座时间已改变。根据notice(通知)与动词的搭配特点可知,空白处要用put up 表示“张贴”。send up“发射”;give up“放弃”;set up“建立”。

  11.用适当的介/副词填空

  (1)He puts ____________ some money for old age every month.

  答案:away/aside

  (2)The meeting will be put __________ till next week.

  答案:off

  (3)He isn’t really that upset;he is just putting it __________.

  答案:on

  (4)I don’t know how she puts up __________ his cruelty to her.

  答案:with

  ⑦ a great many/a number of  许多,大量

  (回归课本P38) A great many things means...

  许多事情意味着……

  【归纳总结】

  【例句探源】

  ①Stop complaining! A good many people would be happy to have work.

  别发牢骚了!很多人有工作做就感到满足了。

  ②A great many of these books have been published this year.

  今年许多这种书已出版了。

  ③It seems that a great many people are out of work because of the economic crisis.

  由于经济危机,好像现在很多人已失业了。

  ④I’ve seen the movie a number of times.

  那部电影我已看过好多次了。

  the number of,a number of

  (1)the number of 意为“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

  (2)a number of 意为“许多,大量”,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。

  ①The number of people invited was one hundred,but a number of them were absent for different reasons.

  ②A_number_of products on his farm are transported to the big cities.

  【易混辨析】

  【即境活用】

  12.(高考山东卷)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________rising steadily since 1997.

  A.is B.are

  C.has been

  D.have been

  解析:选C。the number of +n.作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式。由since 1997可知句子的时态应用现在完成时。

  13. (高考江西卷)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n)____________of 40,000 per year.

  A.average

  B.number

  C.amount

  D.quantity

  解析:选A。句意:去年拿到驾照的学员数量达到了20万,平均每年4万。an average of...……的平均数;a number of 许多,大量;an amount of 许多,大量;a quantity of 许多,大量。

  ⑧ get away from 离开;逃脱;摆脱

  (回归课本P37)...there are times when I need to get out into the countryside and get away from the noise...

  ……有时候我需要到乡下,去摆脱这些噪音……

  【归纳总结】

  get away 走开,逃离;外出

  get away with sth.做(错事)而未被发觉/未受惩罚get over从(病或损失等)中恢复过来

  get down to (doing)sth.着手做某事

  ①I think we are getting away from the topic.

  我想我们正偏离话题。

  ②He managed to get away from the cheat.

  他设法摆脱了那个骗子。

  ③All the people in the office will have got away by 6 o’clock.

  6点前办公室里所有的人都将已离开。

  ④(朗文P867)It took him a week to get over the flu.

  从流感中恢复过来花了他一周时间。

  【例句探源】

  【即境活用】

  14.The meeting lasted as long as three hours and I couldn’t ________it until 10 p.m..

  A.get away from B.get away with

  C.run away with

  D.do away with

  解析:选A。get away from“摆脱开”;get away with“做错事却未受惩罚”;run away with“失去控制,使按捺不住”; do away with表示“废除”。根据语境答案为A,表示开会脱不开身。

  句型梳理

  ① 【教材原句】 It’s been six years since we last saw each other,you know.(P32)

  你知道自从上次我们见面以来已经六年了。

  【句法分析】 (1)It+be+时间段+since...句型意为“自从……以来已经有多长时间了”。主句常用现在完成时或一般现在时,从句用一般过去时。

  ①It has been a year since we last met.

  自从我们上次相遇至今已有一年了。

  (2)It+be+时间段+before...句型意为“一段时间后才/就……”。主句若是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;若主句是一般过去时,从句也用过去时。例如:

  ②It will not be long before they understand each other.

  用不了多久他们就会互相了解。

  【注意】 在It +be+时间点+(that/when)...句型中,如果将it,be 和连词去掉后句子仍然完整,说明是强调句型,应用连词that;如果去掉这些成分后句子不完整,应用连词when(引导时间状语从句)。

  ③It was 11 o’clock when he came back last night.

  他昨晚十一点回来的。(时间状语从句)

  ④It was at 11 o’clock that he came back last night.

  他昨晚回来的时候是十一点。(强调句)

  It’s(high/about)time+(that)从句中,that 从句中谓语动词

  用一般过去时或should+动词原形。

  ⑤It’s (high)time we should tell/told the truth.

  到了我们说实话的时候了。

  【即境活用】

  16.(高考陕西卷)John thinks it won’t be long__________he is ready for his new job.

  A.whenB.after

  C.before

  D.since

  解析:选C。句意:约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。本题考查句式It won’t be long before...表示“过不了多久就……”。

  17.I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long,but it’ll still be some time ________Brian gets back.

  A.before 

  B.since

  C.till

  D.after

  解析:选A。句意:对不起,让你等了这么长时间,但是,Brian还要过一段时间才能回来。本题应注意句型:It will be+一段时间+before从句,意为:要过多久才……。

  ② 【教材原句】 And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.(P32)

  这是我第一次到你的家乡来参观。

  【句法分析】 It /This is the first/second...last time(that)+主语+has/have done与It/That was the first/second...last time(that)+主语+had done两句型都表示“是某人第一、二……次做某事”。

  (1)当主句用一般现在时时,that 从句中的谓语用现在完成时;

  (2)当主句用一般过去时时,that从句中的谓语用过去完成时,并且在口语中that 还可以省略。

  49

  ①This is the third time this week that she has been late for work.

  这已经是她本周第三次上班迟到了。

  ②That was the last time he had helped me.

  那是他最后一次帮我。

  18.(高考陕西卷)This is the first time we__________a film in the cinema together as a family.

  A.seeB.had seen

  C.saw

  D.have seen

  解析:选D。句意:这是我们全家第一次到电影院看电影。“This/It is the+序数词+time+that从句”为固定句型,that 从句需用现在完成时。“It is time that sb.did/should do sth.”句型中,that 从句需要用虚拟语气,意为“某人该做某事的时间到了”。

  【即境活用】

  19.(高考辽宁卷)It’s the first time that he has been to Australia,________?

  A.isn’t he

  B.hasn’t he

  C.isn’t it

  D.hasn’t it

  解析:选C。句意:这是他第一次来澳大利亚,不是吗?It’s the first time that...是固定句型,反意疑问句的构成须依据主句的主语和谓语而定。

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