2016届高考英语二轮复习书面表达专项练习14 社会交际类话题指导

2016届高考英语二轮复习书面表达复习专题14 社会交际类话题指导

实例指导1-----身势语

本文属于说明文，说明什么是身势语，阐述其作用并举例说明一些身势语在一些国家的共同点和不同点，然后建议我们对各国的身势语作一些了解，以便更好地交流。

本篇写作基本结构可以为：开头简要地介绍一下什么是身势语，(可以用is used by people for)，然后再说明其重要性，此时可以举例说明，使文章具有说服力。第二段可以说明相反的情况，即说明身势语在不同的国家有着不同的意义。最后提出建议：我们对各国的身势语应作一些了解。

[相关的词汇或短语]

Is used by…for…被……用来…… ；make oneself easily understood使某人更容易被理解）； be accepted both by …and ..被……和……共同接受；shake hnads 握手；instead of代替；it isi very important to ……… 很重要；make …much more pleasant and comfortable 使……更舒适愉快

【参考范文】

Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. When talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using expressions and gestures. For example, waving one's hand is to say

"Good-bye." A smile and handshake show welcome. And they

are

accepted

both

by Chinese and foreigners with the same meanings.

However,

different

countries have different body languages.

For example, men in Russia, France and Arab countries kiss each other when they meet,

but men

in

China

or Australia

shake

hands

instead

of kissing.

When

you

use

a

foreigin language, it is very important to know the

meanings of

gestures

of

the

country. And it will make your stay there

much

more

pleasant and

comfortable.

实例指导2――Being a Good Listener

【写作任务】

实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅要善于言表、更要学会倾听。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为“Being a Good Listener”的英文演讲稿。词数150左右。

为何倾听 表示尊重，增进理解，建立良好的人际关系

谁来倾听 家长倾听孩子 理解孩子，消除代沟，……

老师倾听学生 了解学生，满足需求，……

同学相互倾听 增进友谊，互帮互学，……

怎样倾听 （请考生联系自己拟定内容，列举两至三点。）

Good afternoon, everyone!

The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【写作指导】

★文体分析

本文是演讲稿。主题是如何成为一名好的倾听者。要求根据表格内列出的要点提示进行说明，并发表自己的看法，属于半命题、半开放性作文。此范文要点齐全，论述严密，一环扣一环，同时较多地使用了祈使句，整体上给人一种灼灼逼人的气势。文章使用了第一人称，所用时态主要是一般现在时。

★行文模式

本文采用了“三段式”的结构。

第一部分：第一段，提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述的主要内容，也就是发言的主题。

第二部分：第二、三段，是文章的主要部分，对文章的主题进行展开说明。第二段阐述的是倾听的好处；第三段阐述的是三种方式的倾听。两段内容互相呼应，采用不同的句式将倾听的方式展现给听众。

第三部分：最后两段，即演讲稿的结尾部分。作者在这一段里提出了自己的观点。最后用in a word作总结性结尾，与第一段提出的主题遥相呼应。

分析:    本写作任务较简短,写作体裁、写作重点一目了然,即写一篇有关body language的作用及重要性的演讲稿。简短的演讲稿是写作中经常会遇到的一种写作形式。它的目的很明确,即让听者了解你介绍的信息或者你要陈述的观点,并被你说服或者打动。针对本写作任务,在没有相关提示的情况下,这类作文的难点就是对论点或者理由的寻找和组织。身体语言很重要,但是为什么说它重要呢？从写作任务中我们可以得到提示:讲清楚了它的作用,我们就有了说它"重要"的基础。作用和重要性是不可分的。另外,在写作中我们还需要把握另一个关键词:communicate。这是座谈会的主题,一定要围绕"交流"写body language的作用。

初稿:

Body language is very important in communicating. I think people all use body language when they communicate with someone. There are many kinds of body languages and people from different places may have different body languages. If you want to communicate well, you need to understand the meaning of the body language. Most of the people use hands, eyes, and emotions to help them express themselves. Pay attention to them when you are communicating. You will learn more about the people. At the same time, other people are also reading your body language. So if you don’t use body language correctly, you may give a wrong message to the person. You may create misunderstanding and make the communication difficult to carry on.

1. 交流中,多注意别人的身体语言,你能更了解那个人。

2. 如果不运用好你自己的身体语言,你可能会传递错误信息。文章基本上是围绕着body language在交流中的作用来写的,中心没有大的偏离,两个论点也选得很好,但是在语言的组织上逻辑还不够清晰,不够完整,欠缺说服力。如第二段的第一句话本应是对该段的总起,说的是身体语言有很多种,但是后面并没有对该观点进行说明,也没有阐述出它是否影响交流,与后面的两个论点没有形成统一的逻辑体系。另外,读完这篇文章后感觉没有写完,主要原因是欠缺一个总结性质的结尾。作者最后应该重申一下自己的观点或者写一个简短的结论来结束全文。最后一个需要注意的细节是开头。由于本文是为座谈会上的发言准备的,礼貌地打招呼是演讲基本的礼仪。

成稿:

Getting Along with Others

写作任务:

    在日常生活中,我们每天都要与人打交道,而说到与人打交道,我们更多想到的是如何处理好与同学、老师以及朋友的关系,而往往忽略了与我们每天都要面对的、最亲近的父母之间的关系。不少同学以"代沟"为借口,拒绝与父母交流沟通。你怎样看待这个现象？说说你的看法以及你与父母融洽相处的小秘诀。分析:

1. 写作任务要求大家根据某一话题发表自己的看法,根据所给题目,我们可以提炼的信息是,该习作要求对一种社会现象进行分析,然后给出自己的见解。写作任务部分已经对这种现象进行了描述,因而写作重点是你对该现象的看法。我们可以从自己的日常生活中总结经验,提出自己的观点:多和父母交流才能促进理解,进而融洽相处。

2. 确立写作重点之后,就要考虑文章的结构。该习作可以分三部分来完成:首先,简要描述当前同学们在与父母相处过程中遇到的问题；其次,就这些问题阐明你

2. 语言表达基本通顺,运用了一些复杂句式。3. 文章的不足之处在于:

(1)有些部分不够连贯。如第一段中最后既没有给出衔接上下文的句子,也没有明确提出问题,第二段开篇直接论述自己的观点显得有些突兀。

(2)文章主体部分在论述自己的观点时,条理性还有待提高。如第二部分,第二点和第三点都是先提出观点,随后展开论述,第一点最好跟后面两点保持一致。

(3)文中有些句子显得很突兀,如第一段中最后一句"Nobody wants to have problems with his or her parents"以及第二段中最后一句"Sometimes they may scold us and may not have the patience to listen to us, but we all know our parents love us."建议将这些句子去掉或是整合到其他部分。

(4)此外,文中有些地方用词不是很恰当,如最后一句中,"best solution for"建议改成"best way of"。

成稿:

How to Get Along with Your Parents

Nowadays, many teenagers find it hard to get along with their parents. In daily life, they may quarrel with their parents and even have a negative attitude towards their parents’ opinions. So, how can we teenagers get along well with our parents? First, I think we should spend more time with our parents and communicate with them. Different generations may have different views towards one thing, but we should not use that as an excuse to refuse to talk with our parents. Second, we should trust our parents and turn to them when we are in trouble because they are more experienced and may help us solve our problems quickly. Third, we must understand our parents better. They have a lot of pressure in their work, but they still have to spend time taking care of us. 牋牋The most important thing for us to remember is that our parents love us deeply, so it should not be so difficult for us to understand and communicate with each other.

itPowerful sentences:

1. Nowadays, many teenagers find it hard to get along with their parents.

2. I think we should spend more time with our parents and communicate with them.

3. We should trust our parents and turn to them when we are in trouble because they are more experienced and may help us solve our problems quickly.

实例指导5―How to make friends

写作要求

不可少的。

写作技巧

1. 遣词：

文章中可能用到的其他词汇和短语有：

discuss with ,in my opinion the most , besides , what’s more , on the other hand , firstly ,secondly ….last

, in return

, think of , agree with

2. 构句：

1) I’m writing to discuss with you about how to make good friends. 在这个句子用到了不定式作目的状语。

参考范文

Dear Li Jun ,

Glad to hear from you . Now I’m writing to discuss with you about how to make good friends.

As you know , everybody needs friends, so how to make true friends is very important to anybody. In my opinion, to make friends, the most important thing is that you must be friendly to others. Smile at others and you are always sure to get a smile in return. Besides, never judge a person only by his appearance. What’s more, you should think more of others than of yourself.

On the other hand, if you don’t agree with others on a certain matter, don’t argue but discuss with him. Always remember, a true friend is the one that is coming in the door while everyone else is going out, as the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed”.

Yours faithfully

Wang Hua 下水试游

仿照范文中的句子，将下列汉语译成英文。

1. 为了早晨睡得晚些，鲍勃关上了闹钟。

2. 正如大家所知，地球围绕太阳转。

3. 如何穿过那个峡谷仍然是个难题。

4 .麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。她讲英语比我多。

1.To sleep late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.

2. As is known to all, the earth moves around the sun.

3. How to get through the valley is still a difficult problem.

4 .The trouble is that I have lost his address.

5. She speaks more English than I do.

6. If he has found it, he will send it.

7. All flights have been put off

because of the snowstorm , so many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

实战演练

每个人都有自己的朋友,有时候朋友在遇到困难时可能会向我们求助,如果能办到,我们当然应该尽最大努力去帮忙,但如果朋友提出的某些要求不是我们力所能及的,这时我们就要学会说"不"。不少人往往不知道该如何开口拒绝,尽管明知道有些事情自己做不到,却害怕伤了朋友之间的感情。那么,究竟该如何开口拒绝,才不会伤害对方呢？请就此以"如何正确说'不’"为题来谈谈你的看法。词数120-150。

How to Say "No" Properly

    A friend in need is a friend indeed. When our friends get into trouble, we should try to help them out if we can manage to do so. However, if it’s something beyond our capability, what should we do? How can we say "no" in a soft and proper way?     First, we should explain to them clearly why we have to turn their requests down and at the same time apologize for being unable to help. Second, try to avoid using ambiguous words that may cause misunderstanding. We’d better make it clear whether we can help or not.     And one thing is very important: We should express ourselves in a polite and sincere way and make our friends understand that we have tried our best.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________As you know, food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas. But who is responsible for the current world food crisis? First, annual world grains output has declined because of climate change. Then lots of farmland has been lost due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization.

Then what should we do to deal with the problem? On one hand, we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology. On the other hand, strict measures should be taken to protect farmland.

As for me, I will call on the people around me to live thriftily. And for the moment, I think, we should study hard to develop science and help solve the food shortage in the future.

Celebrities as the products’ spokesperson

In recent years, it is very common for celebrities, or the so-called superstars, to be spokespersons or representatives for a wide variety of products．____________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Possible version:

In recent years, it is very common for celebrities, or the so-called superstars, to be spokespersons or representatives for a wide variety of products．Celebrities’ advertisements can be easily found on the Internet, televisions, newspapers, magazines and even on the walls of some buildings．

There are, however, some problems for celebrities and the consumers．To begin with, before representing, a star may know nothing about the product．Thus, the consumers may be misled. Even worse, some stars advertise for items with low quality, even for fake commodities．In the case of Sanlu, the public image of stars involved was spoiled.

From my point of view, it is high time that measures were taken．Firstly, laws should be worked out to regulate celebrities’ advertising．Secondly, stars should be required to tell the truth to the public. Only by doing so can stars be trusted by their fans and can consumers benefit．

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

范文：

Ladies__and__gentlemen,__thank__you__for__attending__our__company's__news__conference.__As__you__know,__with the development of economy, people have to face various pressures. They don't have enough time to attend to the old people in their family, which has become a prominent social problem. To solve this problem, our company put out the household robot, which is designed to take care of old people. It can cook meals at a fixed time, which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess and doing exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help.

It would be a great help for you if you own such a robot.

【参考范文】

Recently I have made an investigation on whether money is the source of happiness. The students have different opinions.

Some students think that money is the source of happiness. Money is important and we can use money to solve any problem. Without it, we can do nothing. Besides, it enables us to live a comfortable life.

Others, however, are against it. In their opinion, money doesn’t mean everything. We can buy happiness with money. If someone focuses too much attention on making money, in time he will lose his healthy, friendship and even love.

To be honest, I think we should not regard money as everything. Money is just a tool that can help us solve problems. What we should do is to use it properly. In this way, all of us can lead a happier life.

【2016届·广东省湛江一中高三10月模拟考试】

基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）

假设你是某报社记者，请根据下表提供的信息写一篇英文稿，简要地报道中国开发中西部的有关情况。

主要概括和实施要点 范围：9个省、自治区（autonomous regions）、1个直辖市（municipality）

面积：540万平方公里

人口：2.85亿

交通建设：修建多条公路、铁路

环境保护：退耕还林；防治污染

资源利用：开发利用其丰富的天然资源

人才引进：广纳各类专家、技术人员

【写作要求】

标题：New Development for Central and Western China

必须使用5个句子介绍所给的内容

将5个句子组织成连贯的短文

1． 以约30个词概括这篇报道的主要内容。

2． 针对此篇报道发表你对校园安全问题的看法, 至少包括以下内容要点，该部分词数大约120个词。

1）作为学生，我们该如何在危急的状况下保护好自己。

2）作为校方应该采取哪些措施避免此类悲剧的发生。

1．作文中可使用实例或其它方法支持你的观点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接

引用原文中的句子；

2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。

New Development for Central and Western China

The Chinese government has recently decided to develop central and western China which includes 9 provinces and autonomous regions and one municipality, covering and area of 5.4 million square kilometers with a population of 285 million. The government will pay special attention to its transportation and some highways and railways will be built. To protect the environment, farmers will return farmland to forest and measures will be taken to prevent pollution. Western China is rich in natural resources, which can be exploited and made full use of. To meet the need of the development, different kinds of experts and skilled workers are to be brought in.

任务写作：

After the Tears, Let’s Focus on Dorm Safety

It was reported that on November 14, a tragedy occurred in a girls’ dormitory of the Shanghai Business School. Four girls jumped from their sixth-floor balcony in an 参考范文：

The recent years has seen a widespread use of copycat products, which are involved in people’s daily life because of their lower prices. Moreover, with the complete and same functions, they can satisfy people’s daily needs. So, in some people’s eyes, why do we waste a lot of money to buy those expensive name brands while their copycat products offer whatever we need?

However, some insist on abolishing all the copycat products. They argued that there is no

guarantee for customers despite of their lower prices. If any quality problems are found, no one

will bear the responsibility for the products. What’s worse, they have a bad effect on the creative

spirit of a nation.

As far as I’m concerned, we should see copycat products as they are and let them go on freely as long as they are worth the money. Besides, time given, they can build up a good image.

（2）请根据下面这幅漫画写一篇120词左右的短文。

要求：

1. 请阐述温室效应所产生的原因。

2. 简述其后果，应尽可能涵盖图中所有信息（至少谈及二个方面）。

3. 我们该怎么办？

【参考范文】

These years, global warming is becoming a serious problem, endangering people’s life.

Several factors contribute to the rise of temperature. First of all, a lot of greenhouse gas is produced by cars and factories; further more, people burn a lot of coal and wood for their life; the loss of forests is another cause of global warming.

Global warming will cause some disastrous effects. In the first place, some island will disappear because of the rise of sea level, and thus people of certain countries will have to look for new places to live. Extreme weather, will also result from global warming. When temperature rises, the production of crops will decrease, which directly endangers people’s lives. If the temperature keeps rising, some animals and plants will disappear from the planet,thus destroying the ecosystem.

Facing such a threat, we, as the only intelligent animals in the world, should join efforts to ‘cool’ the earth, for other members of the planet, as well as for ourselves.

注意：1． 词数：120左右；

2． 参考词汇：富民政策rich-peasant policy；

3． 运用想象，可适当发挥；

4． 开头部分已给出，不计入总词数。

【参考范文】

Last weekend, our school organized a social activity. We are required to find out how much the countryside has changed since the “rich-peasant policy” was carried out in the country.

The countryside takes on a new look both in living environment and mental outlook. Hills are covered with trees and gardens are filled with flowers. Rivers are clean with bridges over them, which makes the traffic very convenient. Peasants are living in the beautiful houses which are equipped with fine furniture. What impressed us most is that peasants are paying special attention to their cultural life. Because they have much money and less physical burden, they have more time for leisure. People look more energetic and younger for their age.

This activity was really a big surprise for us. What we saw in the countryside was far better than we expected．

（2）春节期间，你同你父母回乡下老家看望你爷爷奶奶，这是你时隔五年后的又一次回乡下，下面是你在乡下的所见所闻，请根据图画内容，写一篇120字左右的英语短文，描述乡村的变化。

注意：短文应包括图中所提供的主要信息，并作适当发挥，使短文内容连贯完整。

参考词汇：沼气marsh gas

【参考范文】

During the Spring Festival, I, together with my parents, went to the mountain village where my grandparents live. It is five years since I last went there. Great changes have taken place in the past five years. It is far better than I expected.

Hardly had I got off the bus when a high water tower came into my eyes. Now every family can drink fresh running water. Villagers no longer use firewood for cooking. Marsh gas, a new cheap clean energy, makes it very convenient to cook and light. All families have color TV sets. Their pastimes are enjoyable and colorful. What impressed me most was that the best building in the village is the school, where all children can receive good education.

I was greatly shocked to have seen all the changes in the countryside. I believe they’ll make even greater achievement with the new countryside policy.

(3) 今年是改革开放三十周年，三十年来我国发生了翻天覆地的变化，请你据此写一篇英语作文，谈谈自己的感想.

要求:1.列出大家熟悉的反映家乡变化的喜事,如购新车、住新房、学生免费接受义务教育等

2.列出国内最近中学学科网发生的一两件大事,如成功举办奥运、“神舟七号”顺利升空等

3.文章要表达出你的喜悦和自豪之情，并谈谈你的感想

注意：

1.可以用你熟悉的其它事例，适当发挥。

2. 词数：120－150字

3. 注意时态

参考词汇

义务教育：compulsory education

举办: host

顺利地：smoothly

Ecosystem!

…

Sea level!

Extreme weather!

Agriculture!