此独立形式只是一个小短语,而不是主谓完整的简单句,又称之为独立分词构句。当分词意义上的主语不是主句的主语时,必须在分词前保留意义上的主语,否则语意不通。示例:
Being ill in bed, I can't go to school.
Mother being ill in bed, I can't go to school.
1.独立主结构形式可用以表时间,理由,条件,伴随状态等。
He lay on the grass, the sun shining upon him.
= He lay on the grass, and the sun was shining upon him.
Weather permitting, I'll start tomorrow.
= If weather permits, I'll start tomorrow.
School being over, the boys went home.
= When school was over, the boys went home.
The sun having set, we arrived at the station.
= After the sun had set, we arrived at the station.
王牌重点:当独立主格结构的主语表示“一般人”,如:we, one, you时,主语可省略,此用法常用于下列表达方式中:
generally speaking 一般来说
strictly speaking 严格地说
talking of ... 谈到
speaking of ... 说到
judging from ... 由……来判断
taking all things into consideration 把一切都考虑在内
considering ... 考虑到……
[示例]
If we judge from his face, he must be ill.
= Judging from his face, he must be ill.
He has lots of books if we consider that he is young.
= He has lots of books, considering that he is young.
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