湖南省汝城二中2014届高考英语一轮复习阅读训练 (11)

　　阅读专练

　　A

　　Kimchi traditionally has a rosy color. Korea.net says: “The color red wards off (避开) evil spirits. The color represents the spirit of the Korean people and kimchi is more than just a food. It’s a culture.”

　　A meal without kimchi is unthinkable. So what is kimchi?

　　Joan Raymond, food writer for US website health.com, writes: “It’s a reddish, fermented (发酵的) cabbage dish , made with a mix of garlic salt, vinegar, chili peppers and other spices.

　　It is served at every meal, either along with or mixed with rice and noodles. It is part of a high-fiber, low fat diet, which has kept obesity at bay.”

　　Kimchi is used in everything from soups to pancakes and as a topping (配料) on pizza and burgers.

　　Health.com named kimchi in its list of the world’s top five healthiest foods as it is rich in vitamins, aids digestion and may even reduce the risk of cancer.

　　A study conducted by Seoul National University claimed that chickens infected with the H5N1 virus (bird flu) recovered after eating food containing the same bacteria found in kimchi.

　　When Koreans pose for photos, they say “kimchi”, instead of “cheese”.

　　51. From the first two paragraphs, we can conclude that

　　A. kimichi is very common in ROK

　　B. every Korean woman knows how to make kimchi

　　C. kimchi is mostly eaten by poor families

　　D. kimichi is usually made in winter

　　52. According to the article, which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A. Kimchi contains something that can kill the H5N1 virus.

　　B. Kimchi is rated as the healthiest food in the world.

　　C. Kimchi is a cultural treasure for Koreans.

　　D. Each person eats 40 pounds of kimchi per month.

　　53. What does the underlined phrase “keep... at bay” mean?

　　A. predict

　　B. prevent

　　C. overcome

　　D. develop

　　54. What does the article mainly talk about?

　　A. The nutritional value of kimchi.

　　B. Ways of making kimchi.

　　C. The origin of kimchi.

　　D. Kimchi and what it means to Koreans.

　　B

　　Nick lives in Brisbane, Queensland. He is 22 years old this year. He has a positive approach to life and is outgoing and friendly, with a happy and cheerful personality. He has a smile that makes anyone feel comfortable and at ease. But life hasn’t been easy for him.

　　Born on December 4, 1982, Nick had no limbs! His parents were deeply shocked. Nick’s father thought the baby wouldn’t survive for long, but tests proved that Nick was a healthy baby boy, just with legs and arms missing.

　　Some people assumed that Nick’s physical disability meant that he would also be mentally disabled. However, Nick was one of the first disabled students to go to a mainstream school in Australia.

　　There were times when Nick felt depressed and angry because he couldn’t change the way he lived. For a time Nick felt like he was a burden to his family and the sooner he went, the better it would be for everyone. Nick actually wanted to end his pain and his life at a young age, but he was thankful once again, for his parents and family who were always there to comfort him and give him strength.

　　One of the first lessons that Nick learnt was not to take things for granted. At the age of twelve he realized just how much he was blessed with.

　　55. The first paragraph serves as a(n)

　　A. summary

　　B. introduction

　　C. explanation

　　D. conclusion

　　56. Why did his parents feel greatly surprised when seeing the new baby?

　　A. He was born without arms and legs.

　　B. He came earlier than expected.

　　C. He resembled neither his father nor his mother.

　　D. He was seriously ill at birth.

　　57. What gave Nick the strength to survive?

　　A. Comfort from his parents and family.

　　B. Kind help from his classmates.

　　C. Strong faith in his great ambition.

　　D. Instructions from his teachers.

　　58. The author describes Nick’s life in a tone of

　　A. pity

　　B. humor

　　C. appreciation

　　D. concern

　　C

　　Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager.

　　“I would never have said to my mom, ‘Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?’” says Ballmer. “There was just a complete gap in taste.”

　　Music was not the only gulf (分歧). From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.

　　Today, the generation gap has not disappeared, but it is getting narrow in many families. Conversations on subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago. Now they are comfortable and common. And parent-child activities, from shopping to sports, involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue into adulthood.

　　No wonder greeting cards today carry the message, “To my mother, my best friend.”

　　But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents.

　　“There’s still a lot of strictness and authority on the part of parents out there, but there is a change happening,” says Kerrie, a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College. “In the middle of that change, there is a lot of confusion among parents.”

　　Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving(演化的) roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have a say.

　　“My parents were on the ‘before’ side of that change, but today’s parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the ‘after’ side,” explains Mr. Ballmer. “It’s not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now.”

　　59. Which of the following shows that the generation gap is disappearing?

　　A. Parents share more interests with their children.

　　B. Parents put more trust in their children’s abilities.

　　C. Parents help their children develop interests in more activities.

　　D. Parents and children talk more about sex and drugs.

　　. The change in today’s parent-child relationship is ______.

　　A. less respect for parents from children

　　B. more confusion among parents

　　C. new equality between parents and children

　　D. more strictness and authority on the part of parents

　　61. By saying “today’s parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the ‘after’ side,” the author means that today’s parents ______.

　　A. have little difficulty adjusting to the change

　　B. follow the trend of the change

　　C. fail to take the change seriously

　　D. can set a limit to the change

　　62. The purpose of the passage is to ______.

　　A. compare today’s parent-child relationship with that in the past

　　B. describe the difficulties today’s parents have met with

　　C. suggest the ways to handle the parent-child relationship

　　D. discuss the development of the parent-child relationship

　　President Obama is encouraging moms to make their education a priority. While encouraging people of all ages to seek higher education, Obama is particularly targeting working moms with his Scholarships for Moms program. The Scholarships for Moms program builds on the federal government’s long-standing offer of Pell Grants. To encourage more mothers to return to school, the Obama administration is now making some changes.

　　For the Scholarships for Moms program, the biggest incentive is the amount of money being offered. The maximum amount awarded through Pell Grants is about $ 4 000 per student, but for mothers who apply to the program, that amount is increased to $ 5 000. The aim of these grants is to allow working moms to return to school and earn a degree that allows them to better provide for their families now and in the future. In addition, the administration hopes that equipping mothers to earn more money as working professionals will also be a stimulus to the economy.

　　In addition, a great incentive for moms considering this program is that it applies to enrollment in nearly any type of higher education institution. Four-year universities as well as smaller community colleges, are covered. You can go to a private school or a public one. An option for busy moms who can’t stay on campus is to study through online courses. Basically the government’s Scholarships for Moms program is a comprehensive attempt to get mothers who are keen on study back into the classroom.

　　With the Obama scholarship, the worry of returning to school is removed. In almost any area of interest, working moms can earn a degree. This means they can be fully equipped to provide for their families. Higher education no longer has to be an unfulfilled wish or an unobtainable goal. The Scholarships for Moms program was designed to help create a brighter future for mothers and their children.

　　63. More money is offered by the Scholarships for Moms program in order to

　　A. encourage moms to go back to school

　　B. inspire people to learn from others

　　C. persuade more students to work harder

　　D. help mothers to make a living

　　64. The phrase “equipping mothers” (in Paragraph 2) probably refers to mothers who

　　A. own much money

　　B. have a degree

　　C. stay at home

　　D. are dressed well

　　65. Many moms probably appreciate the program because

　　A. they like the atmosphere in the classroom

　　B. the university lasts as long as four years

　　C. they can make more money at school

　　D. there are more chances for them to choose

　　66. Who will benefit from the Obama scholarship most?

　　A. All the schools and families.

　　B. Fathers and mothers in America.

　　C. Working moms and their children.

　　D. Teachers and their students.

　　E

　　“Reduce, reuse and recycle”, this popular environmental slogan tells us how to reduce the amount of rubbish that ends up in landfills.

　　The slogan is being used to deal with one possibly dangerous form of electronic junk, such as old computers, cell phones, and televisions. But this process of managing e-waste may be used in an unscrupulous way more often than not, a recent report suggests.

　　“Many of these materials are being sent to developing nations under the excuse for reuse — to bridge the digital divide,” said Richard Gutierrez, a policy researcher.

　　One of the problems is that no one proves whether these old machines work before they hit the seaways. Because of this, the report says, e-waste is a growing problem in Lagos, Nigeria, and elsewhere in the developing world. Much of the waste ends up being thrown away along rivers and roads. Often it’s taken apart by poor people, who may face dangerous exposure to poisonous chemicals in the equipment.

　　Tradesmen also pay workers a little money to get materials back such as gold and copper. This low-tech recovery process could expose workers and the local environment to many dangerous materials used to build electronics. According to Gutierrez, this shadow economy exists because the excuse for recycling and reusing electronics gives businessmen “a green passport” to ship waste around the globe. “Developing nations must take on some of the responsibility themselves,” Gutierrez said. But he added, “A greater part of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state. “China, for example, has become a dumping place for large amounts of e-waste. The nation is beginning to take action to stop the flow of dangerous materials across its borders. The Chinese government, after many years of denials(否认), is finally beginning to start an action.

　　67. The underlined word “unscrupulous” in the second paragraph most probably means

　　A. dishonest

　　B. profitable

　　C. unbelievable

　　D. efficient

　　68. According to what Gutierrez said, we can learn that

　　A. developing countries should not be blamed for the e-waste problem

　　B. exporting countries should mainly be responsible for the e-waste problem

　　C. developing countries should be responsible for the e-waste problem

　　D. neither developed nor developing countries should be blamed for the e-waste problem

　　69. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that

　　A. China is falling behind other countries in dealing with e-waste

　　B. China has hidden a large amount of e-waste in many secret places

　　C. China has greatly changed its idea about the problem of e-waste

　　D. China has prevented poisonous materials from entering China for a long time

　　70. The passage mainly tells us that

　　A. developing countries are making full use of e-waste

　　B. e-waste is a growing problem in developed countries

　　C. developing countries are facing serious environmental problems

　　D. e-waste is sent to developing countries under the excuse for reuse

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　　湖北省荆州市2012届高三高中毕业班质量检查（II）（英语）

　　(A)

　　It was the first night of Chanukah(光明节) and the night before Ellie's last final examination. As a freshman she was more than ready to go home for the first time since August. She'd packed every thing she needed to take home except the 8 candles that are lit every night of Chanukah. Ellie had been so tempted to pack the menorah(烛台) earlier and "pass over" the first night's lighting. However, Ellie ended up lighting the candles, said the blessings, placed the menorah on her window and spent the rest of the evening in her room studying.

　　Ellie's first winter holiday was uneventful, and when she returned to her dormitory on the day before classes started she was surprised to find a small note on her door. "Thank you," the note said. It was signed "Susan." It was dated the day that Ellie had left after finals. Ellie was totally confused. She didn't know a Susan. Believing that the letter had been delivered to her by mistake, Ellie put the note on her desk and forgot about it.

　　About a half an hour before she was getting ready to head out for dinner, there was a knock at Ellie's door. There, standing in the hall was a woman Ellie didn't recognize. "I'm Susan," she said. "I wanted to thank you in person but you'd already left before I finished my finals."

　　"Are you sure it's me you're looking for?" asked Ellie. Susan asked if she could come in and explain.

　　It seemed that Susan had been facing the same dilemma that Ellie had been that first night of Chanukah. She really didn't want to light her candles either. Not because she was packing or was heading home, but because her older sister Hannah had been killed by a drunk driver ten months earlier, and this was the first year that she'd have to light the candles alone. The sisters had always taken turns lighting the first candle and this wasn't Susan's year. She just couldn't bring herself to take her sister's place, it was just too painful to even think about Chanukah without Hannah and she had decided on passing over the entire holiday.

　　Susan said that she had just finished studying and was closing her window when she happened to glance across the courtyard and saw the candles shining in Ellie's window. "I started to cry. It was if Hannah had taken her turn and put the candles in your window for me to see." All Susan had to do was close her eyes and remember the candles in the window, the ones that Hannah had lit the last time it was her turn.

　　51. On the first night of Chanukah, Ellie_____.

　　A. was anxious to go home

　　B. was busy with the festival

　　C. was upset about the coming exam

　　D. was glad to light candles for Susan

　　52. Ellie found the thank-you note _____.

　　A. which was sent to her by post

　　B. which was delivered to her by mistake

　　C. when she returned to her school

　　D. after she learnt her friend’s sad story

　　53. Susan didn’t light the candles on the night of Chanukah because _____.

　　A. it was unnecessary for her

　　B. she was too painful to do it

　　C. it was her sister’s turn to do it

　　D. she was very busy with her study

　　54. What’s the best possible title for the passage?

　　A. Light in the Window.

　　B. Who to Light the Candles?

　　C. A Strange Thank-You Note.

　　D. On the Night of Chanukah.

　　(B)

　　If you are searching for a love relationship, but keep getting disappointed or if you feel that you give a lot and get little in return, then there is one question I want you to ask yourself, the answer to which will transform your entire life experience: Do you love yourself?

　　“Yes, it's obvious, I love myself!” Unfortunately, in 90% of cases, the decisive reason why you haven't been able to attract love into your life is your lack of love towards yourself.

　　When we were scolded for wrong doing (on a regular basis), or told we weren't "good enough" by our well-meaning parents, we took it exactly and personally, and the "not good enough" part was impressed in our hidden mind, forever robbing us of the ability to love ourselves. Religion added to this by telling us we are all sinners(罪人), so it's in our nature to do things that are "wrong." You may not be aware that you hate or are ashamed of some aspect of yourself. On the surface you may think, I am fine. Your brain tells you that because logically you know there is nothing wrong with you. Yet, when you meet a guy you like, your first reaction is: He is way out of my league. I’d better run before I get hurt.

　　Then let’s make a slight change. In order to attract love into your life you have to first develop love within yourself. You have to give off love. You have to start with the most important person in your life — YOU.

　　The problem is, we expect ourselves to be perfect. When we don't meet those standards, each shortcoming gets magnified(放大) in our eyes out of proportion. The trick is to love ourselves exactly the way we are, including the shortcomings. They are what make you human. Once you learn to accept and love yourself exactly the way you are, you will step into your power. You will give off inner strength, love and beauty (the kind of beauty that is not measured by weight-to-height ratio or the perfection of your facial features). No longer will you need someone else to "complete" you. Being at peace with who you are will attract a partner who will value you as much as you value yourself.

　　55. You are _____ when you lack love in yourself.

　　A. weak in health

　　B. unconscious of it

　　C. proud of yourself

　　D. upset about yourself

　　56. What may contribute to a person's lack of love in himself according to the writer?

　　A. Being blamed over and over again.

　　B. Being refused in a love relationship.

　　C. Getting little return while giving much.

　　D. Getting disappointed repeatedly in school achievement.

　　57. What should you do to find love in yourself?

　　A. Pay more than you get.

　　B. Accept whatever you are.

　　C. Care for nobody but yourself.

　　D. Overlook your shortcoming.

　　58. We can learn from the underlined sentence in the last passage that _____.

　　A. scolding a person for his wrong doing is unwise

　　B. loving yourself is the key to finding love in others

　　C. loving a person means accepting whatever he has got

　　D. true beauty is not measured by a person's facial features

　　(C)

　　Stieg Larsson died before the overwhelming global success of his "Millennium" novels ---"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo," "The Girl Who Played with Fire," and "The Girl Who Kicked the Hornet's Nest." But the Swedish journalist-turned-novelist had actually intended that his "Millennium" series would include at least five books, a plan cut short by his death in 2004. In fact, he died before any of his three "Millennium" novels featuring Lisbeth Salander were published.

　　However, Larsson's long-time partner Eva Gabrielsson is locked in an extended dispute with Larsson's family over the rights to his literary(文学的) heritage. For now, fans will have to be satisfied with the few lines about Larsson’s personal life offered by Gabrielsson's autobiography “Millennium, Stieg and Me.” In the 160-page book, which is to be released in the US later this year, Gabrielsson records how she and Larsson met and explored the creation of the famous crime series. She shared her plans to secure the rights to complete Larsson’s fourth novel, saying that she has the draft of the fourth book and can finish it. “Stieg and I often wrote together,” Gabrielsson says. She refuses, however, to share any details about the forthcoming novel, saying only, “It is not my intention to reveal here the plot of the fourth volume…. On the other hand, I want to say that Lisbeth little by little frees herself from her ghosts and her enemies.”

　　But because Gabrielsson and Larsson never married and Larsson never left a will, Gabrielsson says she will finish the book if and when she gets rights to her late partner’s works from his family. She expresses concern at the way Larsson’s family is handling his legacy and the Millennium brand. “I don’t want to see coffee mugs and other ‘Millennium’ merchandise; I want to see the real Stieg respected,” she writes.

　　Larsson's publisher has now seemed to throw cold water on the view that that day will come anytime soon. “There is no fourth book from Stieg Larsson on the horizon. Only the owner of the estate(遗产), now controlled by his family, has the right to decide on the publication of a fourth book, and they have no intention of doing so at the moment.”

　　In spite of Gabrielsson’s concerns, news of the forthcoming Hollywood adaptation of “The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo” is sure to drum up public’s attention for her autobiography and – should it ever appear – the fourth and final novel.

　　59. Gabrielsson claimed the right to complete the fourth novel because _____.

　　A. she was Stieg Larsson's girlfriend.

　　B. she had a hand in writing the novel already.

　　C. she could obtain the right from her family.

　　D. she had got the permission from the publisher.

　　60. What can we learn about the fourth novel of Larsson's Millennium series?

　　A. "Millennium, Stieg and Me" is the name of the novel.

　　B. Eva wrote the novel after the death of Stieg Larsson.

　　C. A Hollywood adaptation of the novel is on show.

　　D. Lisbeth Slander will be the leading character.

　　61. As to the future of the fourth novel the publisher claimed that _____.

　　A. nobody but Larsson's family had right to publish it

　　B. Holleywood had no right to adapt the novel

　　C. Stieg Larsson won't publish the novel at the moment

　　D. Eva was the right person to complete the novel

　　62. According to the last paragraph it is sure that _____.

　　A. the fourth novel will come out soon

　　B. Eva's autobiography will sell very well

　　C. Larsson's family will publish the last two novels

　　D. the first novel will soon be very popular with readers

　　(D)

　　As a boy growing up on a farm near the Caribbean coast of Colombia(哥伦比亚), ?lvaro Cogollo loved both plants and vallenato, the traditional music of the region. As a biology student in the 1970s, Cogollo traveled around the country to document its rich botanical heritage and, informally, studied the music that tells an important story of Colombia.

　　"We were colonized by the Spanish; later, Africans were brought as slaves to exploit gold mines; and the native peoples were already here," he says. "That is what authentic vallenato represents with its three instruments: the accordion(手风琴), from a European origin; la caja drum, which is of African origin; and la guacharaca, a beating instrument made from a palm tree, which is from native American origin."

　　Over the course of his nearly four-decade career, Cogollo has discovered more than 150 new species of plants, 17 of which bear his name. Although Cogollo never earned a PhD, his colleagues say he's made invaluable contributions to knowledge of Colombia's plant at a time when deforestation(砍伐森林) is a big threat to the country's biodiversity. Governments have focused on trying to move the country out of poverty and conflict through exploiting its natural resources, not through scientific resource development. But Cogollo sees things a different way. By educating the public about alternative uses for the land, and researching plants' potential uses – including as medicines, foods, and bio-fuels – Colombia could improve its economy and quality of life without neglecting conservation, Cogollo says.

　　Cogollo's other major achievement has been the transformation of a neglected botanical garden in a Medellín neighborhood into a well-known center for research, environmental education, and community gatherings. What had been a club for wealthy orchid enthusiasts now offers free admission and attracts rich and poor alike. The success of the botanical garden has in turn contributed to the transformation of Medellín. Once seriously damaged by violent wars between armed groups, the city has had some improvements that include better public safety, tougher pollution controls and the creation of green spaces.

　　What Cogollo has focused his latest efforts on is teaching Colombians from all social classes and backgrounds about the importance of biodiversity and conservation through a shared musical heritage. "The fact that ?lvaro's been able to give talks to audiences filled with all kinds of people is very important, and that's what happened in Medellín the first time he talked about vallenato music," Dr. Forero says. "People sitting there had no idea of environmental conservation, and then they did."

　　63. What's the main feature of vallenato music?

　　A. It records the history of Colombia.

　　B. It sounds like the voice of plants.

　　C. It plays with local instruments.

　　D. It has origins from all over the world.

　　64. While protecting the environment, Cogolla attached importance to _____.

　　A. the research of music

　　B. the protection of plants

　　C. the improvement of people's life

　　D. the communication with different people

　　65. The purpose of rebuilding the botanical garden is _____.

　　A. to raise the public's environmental consciousness

　　B. to set up a club for rich orchid enthusiasts

　　C. to give talks about vallenato music

　　D. to create a fair economic system

　　66. People from different backgrounds came to Cogolla's reports about biodiversity mainly because of _____.

　　A. their common interest in Vallenato music

　　B. their improved environmental consciousness

　　C. his popularity in environmental protection

　　D. his previous achievements in the city development

　　(E)

　　In a world where your iPhone comes with a woman who answers your questions, reads your texts aloud, and gives directions, it may not seem like a big deal that computers are now writing stories. In fact, it is. A software company has essentially taught computers to write short news stories through artificial intelligence. If we can teach a computer the elements of story telling, why can’t we teach our students the same thing?

　　Remember the five-paragraph essay? It’s still around, still being promoted as if it were a literary form. In fact, it is an unnatural invention, one that must have been produced by academics who don’t write much themselves.

　　Writers engaged in the act of trying to say something on paper don’t write artificial thesis statements(中心论点). They needn’t avoid using “I,” especially when telling about a personal experience or expressing an opinion. Yet many English teachers forbid the use of our favorite pronoun in expository(说明文) writing. These are the folks who teach kids not to use the same word twice, so that if you’ve described a box as “small” in paragraph one, it must become “diminutive” if it shows up in paragraph two.

　　Many teachers also disapprove of using dialogue in essays. But why so? The problem with teaching writing as if it were disconnected from speech is that students start to see it simply as an unnatural activity they do in school. And yet we all tell stories and engage in long “he-said/she-said” conversations.

　　If we start from it with students, we can help them see the links that exist between speech and text. Students can learn a lot, for example, by being asked to tell a family story aloud and then to write it down.

　　Daniel Pink, in his bestselling book, “A Whole New Mind” says that American society’s enthusiasm with left-brained rational thinking is finally giving way to a more balanced approach, one where we start to value and reward right-brain thinkers – the artists, the designers, the entertainers – the people who know how to tell stories, the future belongs to the storytellers.

　　So let’s give kids an early start. Let’s help them learn the craft of writing in a way that’s natural, expressive, and human. It will be a lot of fun. And if we have to break up a few topic sentences along the way to allow a story to come into being, so be it. And that, dear reader, is my thesis statement.

　　67. The writer believes that the five-paragraph essay is _____.

　　A. an unnatural writing

　　B. an effective writing method

　　C. written by scholars

　　D. used by storytellers

　　68. The example of "small" and “diminutive” is used to show _____.

　　A. how a good essay uses words

　　B. how different a speech is from text

　　C. how students should use words in storytelling

　　D. how ridiculous some school rules of writing are

　　69. What does "it" in Para.5 refer to?

　　A. An essay.

　　B. Storytelling.

　　C. Writing.

　　D. A thesis statement.

　　70. The writer intended to tell the readers that _____.

　　A. the power of storytelling is great

　　B. writing stories is a good way to learn writing

　　C. computers can be taught to write stories easily

　　D. human being is smarter than computer in writing

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