新概念英语第二册语法精解：状语从句(下)

知识要点

状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句和比较状语从句。还未学习过状语从句上篇的同学戳此去看(⊙o⊙)哦>>

六、条件状语从句

1.unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和if…not同义，unless是书面语，if…not是口语，通常二者可以换用。

条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。从属连词为if, unless, as/so long as, in case, so far as。

Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.

如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。

We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.

除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。

= We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain.

So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.

只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。

In case I forget, please remind me about it .

万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。

So far as I know, the book will be published next month.

据我所知，那本书下月出版。

七、方式状语从句

1.此处as译为，按照或正如

as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样。从句中可以用现在时表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气。

Draw a cat as I taught you .

按照我教你的画一只猫。

Do as you are told.

按照人家告诉你做的去做。

She looks as if she is ill.

看上去她好象是生病了。

He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.

他的行动就好象什么也没有发生。

They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.

他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。

八、让步状语从句

1.在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但是”(but)但可以与yet或still连用。though / although意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式多放主句的前面。

Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.

虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语 .

We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.

虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。

2.even if 和even though的意思为“即使”“纵使”有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。

I’ll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.

即使明天下雨，我也要去。

3.as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用though或although引导的从句，语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。

Child as he is , he knows a lot.

虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。

Cold as it is, (=Though it is cold,) the children play outdoors.

虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。

4.no matter...与 who-ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一 样，no matter...引导的从句可是以位于主句前或主句后。

Do it no matter what others say.

不管别人怎么说，尽管干。

No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.

不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。

No matter who takes up the matter for me, I shall be very grateful.

不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。

5.wh-ever(whatever whoever whenever whichever however)从句中的动词有时可以和may连用。判断wh-ever引导的是状语从句还是名词性从句的一点是，名词性从句，主句中一定有一个成分要在从句担任，一般从句与主句之间没有逗号。不可将no matter与wh-ever连用。

I'll try to give whatever you want.(名词性从句)

我会尽量满足你的所需。

Whatever happens / may happen, we shall not lose heart.(状语从句)

无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。

Whoever comes, he will be welcome.(状语从句)

无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。

九、比较状语从句

1.连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定句用as…as否定句可用not as…as 或not so…as，从属连词有as…as, not so/as…as, the same…as, such…as。

Mary is as old as my sister.

玛利和我姐姐一样大。

He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).

他不如杰克跑得那样快。

His book is the same as mine.

他的书和我的一样。

Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .

享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。

2.表示不同程度之比较，主句中用比较级的形容词或副词。从属连词为than。

She has made greater progress this year than she did last year.

她今年比去年进步更大。

He bought fewer books than I (did).

他买的书比我买的少。

3.the more…the more 意思为越……越……，通常的语序为从句在前主句在后，这两个the都是表示程度的副词，用在比较级的形容词或副词前面。

句子意思明显，句子的主语和动词都可省略。

The more you read, the better you understand.

你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。

The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.

你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。

The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.

你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。

The sooner, the better.

越快越好。

The warmer, the better.

越暖和越好。

【专项训练】

1、You like sports ______ I’d like to read.

A.when B.while C.but D.yet

2、______ we were singing, the teacher came in.

A.Before B.after C.As D.Until

3、I was about to leave my house ______ the phone rang.

A.while B. when C.as D.after

4、They did not stop fighting ______ there was no enemy left.

A.until B.after C.when D.since

5、I have not seen him ______ he went to college.

A.when B.before C.as D.since

6、It is five days ______ we came here.

A.when B.before C.as D.since

7、It was not long ______ he got to know it.

A.when B.before C.after D.until

8、We shall go ______ we are free.

A.whenever B.whatever C.wherever D.however

9、______ I live I must serve the people heart and soul.

A.When B.So long as C.As soon as D.On condition

10、I was reading a novel ______ he was watchingTV.

A.when B.while C.before D.as

Keys

1、B 2、C 3、B 4、A 5、D 6、D 7、B 8、A 9、B 10、B