Baekeland and Hartmann report that the short sleepers had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general, these short sleeps appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear normal or acceptable to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams, the short sleepers did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the short sleepers were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic.
The long sleepers were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the short sleepers.
Many of the long sleepers were shy, anxious, introverted , inhibited , passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves . Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
1. According to the report,______.
A) many short sleepers need less sleep by nature
B) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work
C) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day
D) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood
2. Many short sleepers are likely to hold the view that _____.
A) sleep is a withdrawal from the reality
B) sleep interferes with their sound judgement
C) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program
D) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
3. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _____.
A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life
B) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep
C) do not know how to relax properly
D) are more unlikely to run into mental problems
4. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____.
A) appear disturbed
B) become energetic
C) feel dissatisfied
D) be extremely depressed
5. Which of the following is Not included in the passage?
A) If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened
B) The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the sane as those shown by many mental patients
C) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep
D) Short sleepers would be better off with more rest
【答案及详解】
答案:DCBAB
贝克尔和哈特曼报道说,睡眠少的人在未进入少年期之前,其正常睡眠时间大致与所需要的时间差不多。但到了15岁左右,由于学校、工作或其它活动的地压力,他们就故意地减少了夜间睡眠的时间。这些人持有这样的观点:夜间睡眠是一件令人讨厌的事情,打断了日常事务。
总的说来,这些睡眠少的人表现得雄心勃勃、积极活跃、精力充沛、无意识乐观豁达、立场坚定,对自己职业的选择胸有成竹。他们往往同时从事几项工作,或者一边上学读书,一边从事专职或兼职工作。其中许多人有强烈愿望,想在朋友和熟人面前表现得正常或合群。
当让他们回忆梦境时,睡眠少的人回忆不起什么来。更有甚者,他们似乎情愿什么都记不住。类似的情况是他们通常处理心理问题的方式:不承认问题的存在,希望只要忙忙碌碌,麻烦总会过去的。
睡眠少的人的睡眠模式与被划入疯子之类精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似,只不过没有那么严重而已。
睡眠多的人情形则大不相同。贝克尔和哈特曼报道说,这些年轻人从小的,有抱负的睡眠就一直很长。他们好像注重睡眠,不让睡眠受打搅。偶尔没有所需的9个小时夜间卧床休息,他们便会十分不安。他们比睡眠少的人要更能回忆得起梦的内容。许多睡眠多的人腼腆、焦躁、内向、压抑、消极和稍微有点儿沮丧,尤其在社交场合缺乏自信。好几个人坦言,睡眠是摆脱每天烦恼的一种方式。
15道高难度的雅思写作练习题
雅思写作话题准备不可厚此薄彼
雅思写作思路抛砖:教育孩子做好公民
雅思图表作文写作资料:表示相比或相反的词组
雅思写作范文:成熟而有责任心
雅思写作:中国考生在词汇表达方面的问题
挑战雅思写作高分需要吃透的四个原则
三个月备考雅思写作的方法指导
雅思写作范文:是否支持农业发展
雅思写作小技巧:使用不同的词汇
雅思写作跑题范文评析:孩子沉迷电视
雅思写作思路抛砖:退休后的生活费用
雅思图表作文写作资料:表示程度的词
雅思写作范文欣赏:人生的烦恼
雅思写作流程图满分范文点评:砖块的制作
雅思写作高分范文:流程图-玻璃再生
雅思写作如建房:复杂内容模块化
雅思写作遭遇新题可从例子入手
雅思写作范文:讲座还需存在吗?
雅思写作:句子构成成分回顾
雅思写作考试中需要注意的六个要点
雅思写作必备素材:实用短语及词组搭配
雅思写作句型高级化只需三个公式
雅思写作思路抛砖:大学的学习费用
探讨雅思写作中的词汇表达
雅思写作8分范文:环境、资源与交通的问题
雅思写作范文:大学里学不会的东西
雅思写作思路抛砖:监考保险和教育费用
雅思写作经典范文:广告与媒体的问题
雅思写作思路抛砖:通才教育与专才教育
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |