与格动词

　　1.与格动词或称授与动词是需要两个宾语的完全及物动词。通常其中指事物的称为直接宾语，指人的称为间接宾语。

　　2.由与格动词构成的句型主要有两种，通常可以相互转换。

　　句型1：主语+与格动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

　　句型2：主语+与格动词+直接宾语+介系词+间接宾语。

　　I am writing my cousin a letter.

　　I am writing a letter to my cousin.

　　我正在给我表姊写信。

　　my cousin是间接宾语，指动作发出的对象，用宾格；a letter是直接宾语，是动作wrote的接受者。

　　She had ever taught me English before she went study

　　abroad.

　　她出国前曾教过我英语。

　　me是间接宾语，指动作发出的对象，用宾格；English是直接宾语，是动作taught的接受者。

　　My mother bought me some interesting English learning

　　VCDs.

　　我妈妈给我买了一些英语学习的光盘！

　　bought是与格动词，后接间接宾语me和直接宾语some interesting English learning vcds.

　　You had better leave your parents a note.

　　You had better leave a note to your parents.

　　你最好给你父母留张便条儿。

　　leave是与格动词，后接间接宾语your parents和直接宾语a note.

　　He bought his wife a diamond necklace yesterday.

　　He bought a diamond necklace for his wife yesterday.

　　他昨天给他妻子买了一条钻石项链。

　　bought是与格动词，后接间接宾语his wife和直接宾语 a diamond necklace.

　　He flew me a kiss when I said hello to him.

　　我向他打招呼时，他给了我一个飞吻。

　　His relations were very sympathetic towards him， but did not offer him any financial help.

　　他的亲戚们非常同情他，但没有给他任何经济援助。

　　Mr. Lee gave his son a good ticking-off because he had been staying out too late at night.

　　李先生因为儿子晚上在外面一直呆到很晚而狠狠责备了他一顿。

　　His father allows him a hundred dollars a week for his pocket money.

　　他的父亲每星期给他一百元作为零用钱。

　　This book will save you a great deal of trouble and time.

　　这本书将省去你许多麻烦和时间。

　　He taught me how to improve my English.

　　他教我如何使我的英语有进步。

　　I will tell them the reason of my leaving and the time of my return.

　　好。我要告诉他们我出去的原因和我回家的时间。

　　tell是与格动词，后接间接宾语them和直接宾语the reason of my leaving and the time of my return.

　　Don＇t tell her （that） I told you （that） she had told me.

　　不要告诉她我把她告诉我的告诉了你。

　　Ask him when he will come or whether he will come at all.

　　问问他什么时候来，或到底来不来。

　　I have to phone mom my late return.

　　我必须打电话告诉妈妈我晚回去。

　　leave是与格动词，后接间接宾语mom和直接宾语my late return.

　　3.有些与格动词可应用于另外一种句型：主语+与格动词+间接宾语+介系词+直接宾语。在这种句型中：介系词及其后的直接宾语在句中对间接宾语起补述、修饰作用。

　　Or she will blame me for my unpunctuality.

　　否则她要责备我不守时了。

　　此处介系词for及其后的直接宾语my unpunctuality对间接宾语 me起补述修饰作用。

　　He blamed her for her greediness.

　　他责骂她的贪婪。

　　此处介系词for及其后的直接宾语her greediness对间接受词 her起补述修饰作用。