美国疫情数据报送绕过疾控中心 引发卫生专家担忧

据外媒报道，美国政府已下令各医院绕过美国疾病控制和预防中心，从7月15日开始将所有新冠肺炎患者的数据发送到华盛顿的一个中央数据库。这一举动引起了美国卫生专家的警觉，他们担心，这些疫情数据会被政治化，或对公众隐瞒。而就在美国政府“接管”新冠肺炎疫情数据后，美国疾病控制和预防中心网站上的一些数据已被删除。

Hospital data on coronavirus patients will now be rerouted to the Trump administration instead of first being sent to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Department of Health and Human Services confirmed to cnn on Tuesday.

美国卫生与公众服务部本周二（7月14日）向美国有线电视资讯网证实，医院有关新冠肺炎患者的数据将被发送给美国政府，而不是先发送给美国疾病控制和预防中心。

The move could make data less transparent to the public at a time when the administration is downplaying the spread of the pandemic, and threatens to undermine public confidence that medical data is being presented free of political interference.

在美国政府对疫情传播不予重视之际，此举可能使数据对公众更加不透明，并可能破坏公众对医疗数据不受政治干预的信心。

Michael Caputo, the assistant secretary for public affairs at the department, confirmed the change first reported by The New York Times earlier in the day, saying in a statement that the "new faster and complete data system is what our nation needs to defeat the coronavirus and the CDC, an operating division of HHS, will certainly participate in this streamlined all-of-government response. They will simply no longer control it."

这则消息当天早些时候由《纽约时报》最先报道，美国卫生与公众服务部负责公共事务的助理部长迈克尔·卡普托予以证实。他在一份声明中说：“美国需要更快速和更完善的数据系统，以打败新冠病毒。美国卫生与公众服务部的下属运营机构美国疾病控制和预防中心肯定会参与到这种得以精简的政府整体疫情应对中来，它只是不再控制这些数据。”

"The CDC's old hospital data gathering operation once worked well monitoring hospital information across the country, but it's an inadequate system today," Caputo said in the statement.

卡普托在声明中说：“美国疾病控制和预防中心之前的医院数据收集工作曾经很好地监测了全国各地的医院信息，但现在这个系统不够用了。”

The Times said hospitals are to begin reporting the data to HHS on Wednesday, noting also that the "database that will receive new information is not open to the public, which could affect the work of scores of researchers, modelers and health officials who rely on CDC data to make projections and crucial decisions."

《纽约时报》称，医院从本周三开始向美国卫生与公众服务部报告数据，报道还指出，“将接收新信息的联邦卫生部数据库并不向公众开放，这可能会影响许多研究人员、分析师和卫生官员的工作，他们依赖美国疾病控制和预防中心的数据做出预测和关键决策。”

而在美国政府决定“接管”新冠肺炎疫情数据后，美国疾病控制和预防中心网站上的一些数据已被删除，包括相关医院数据。

The information removed from the website is the hospital data that was reported to the CDC’s National Healthcare Safety Network, according to CDC spokesperson Kristen Nordlund.

美国疾病控制与预防中心发言人克莉丝汀·诺德伦德说，从网站上删除的信息是上报给美国疾病控制与预防中心国家医疗安全网络的医院数据。

The data includes...

这些数据包括：

the current inpatient and intensive care unit bed occupancy

目前住院病人和重症监护病房床位占用情况

Health care worker staffing

卫生保健人员配备

Personal protective equipment supply status and availability

个人防护装备供应情况和可用性

cnn Chief Medical Correspondent Dr. Sanjay Gupta said the change is "going to lead to more opaqueness" about coronavirus data.

美国有线电视资讯网首席医疗记者桑杰·古普塔博士表示，这一变化“将导致新冠病毒数据更加不透明”。

opaqueness[əu'peiknis]：n.不透明性

"What logic does this have, other than to take away the data from the epidemiologists that are the best in the world at looking at this data, making sense of it, translating it for people, versus giving it to HHS," he asked on cnn's "New Day" Wednesday morning.

他在本周三上午的美国有线电视资讯网“新一天”节目中问道：“美国的流行病学家在观察、理解和向公众解读疫情数据方面有着全球最好的水平，而政府却要从他们手中拿走数据，发送给美国卫生与公众服务部，这有什么逻辑可言？”

Former CDC acting director Dr. Richard Besser on Wednesday said rerouting hospital data is a "step backwards" for the country's coronavirus response.

美国疾病控制和预防中心前代理主任理查德·贝塞尔博士本周三说，这一改变是美国应对新冠疫情的一种“倒退”。

"It's another example of CDC being sidelined. Not only should the data be coming to CDC, but CDC should be talking to the public through the media every day," Besser told Gupta in an interview.

他说：“这是美国疾病控制和预防中心被边缘化的又一个例子。不仅应该将数据送到美国疾病控制和预防中心，美国疾病控制和预防中心也应该每天通过媒体与公众交流。”

He worried that the data going directly to HHS could "be further politicized, and that's the last thing you want."

他担心直接被发送到美国卫生与公众服务部的数据可能会“进一步政治化，而这是人们最不希望看到的。”

"One of the nice things about CDC being in Atlanta -- being away from Washington -- is that we're able to avoid a lot of political pressure that you get in when you're in DC," he said.

他说：“美国疾病控制和预防中心在亚特兰大（远离华盛顿）的好处之一是，我们能够避免很多政治压力，而在华盛顿则无法幸免。”

Besser appeared to agree with Caputo that systems needed to be modernized, but he added, "the answer to this isn't bypassing CDC; it's working to ensure that the flow is going faster, making sure that they're getting the right data."

贝塞尔似乎同意卡普托关于系统需要现代化的观点，但他补充说，“解决这个问题的办法不是绕过美国疾病控制和预防中心，它的工作是确保数据更新更快，确保数据准确。”

The Trump administration continues to grapple with the coronavirus pandemic -- which has already claimed the lives of more than 136,000 Americans -- in moves that are increasingly being seen as political.

美国政府继续与新冠疫情作斗争，而人们则认为美国政府采取的行动越来越政治化。目前美国新冠肺炎死亡病例已超13.6万例。

On Tuesday, four former CDC directors blasted the administration's efforts to disregard and politicize guidelines from the agency in a scathing Washington Post op-ed.

本周二，四位美国疾病控制和预防中心前主任在《华盛顿邮报》的专栏文章中严厉抨击了政府无视该机构指导方针并将其政治化的做法。

scathing [ˈskeɪðɪŋ]：adj.严厉的

The four former CDC officials warned against what they called a "tragic indictment" of the CDC's efforts as President Donald Trump and top coronavirus task force officials seek to reopen the nation's schools.

在特朗普总统和新冠病毒工作组高级官员试图让美国学校重新开学之际，这四名前官员警告称，美国疾病控制和预防中心的努力成为了“悲惨的控诉”。

Trump has said he will "pressure" governors to reopen schools, despite internal documents from the CDC separately obtained by the Times warning that reopening K-12 schools and universities would be the "highest risk" for the spread of the deadly virus.

尽管《纽约时报》获得的美国疾病控制与预防中心的一份内部文件警告说，重新开放中小学和大学将是这种致命病毒传播的“最大风险”，但特朗普表示将向州长们“施压”，要求他们重新开放学校。

"Unfortunately, their sound science is being challenged with partisan potshots, sowing confusion and mistrust at a time when the American people need leadership, expertise and clarity. These efforts have even fueled a backlash against public health officials across the country: Public servants have been harassed, threatened and forced to resign when we need them most. This is unconscionable and dangerous," the former CDC officials wrote.

几位前主任写道：“不幸的是，强有力的科学观点正受到党派攻击的挑战，在美国人民需要领导力、专业知识和透明度的时候，播下困惑和不信任的种子。这些行为甚至在全国范围内激起了对公共卫生官员的强烈反对：在我们最需要他们的时候，公务人员遭到骚扰、威胁，甚至被迫辞职。这是不合理的，也是危险的，”

potshot [ˈpɒtʃɒt]：n.乱射；肆意抨击

Public health experts, they said: "Face two opponents: covid-19, but also political leaders and others attempting to undermine" the CDC.

公共卫生专家表示：“我们面对两个对手：新冠肺炎，还有试图破坏美国疾病控制和预防中心的政治领导人和其他人。”