在看何炳威编著的《拆解英语口语错误》,这本书整理了一些容易被望文生义想当然的表达,先让读者自己从二选一中选择自己认为正确的理解,再公布出正确的答案,附以简单的讲解。
我从中挑了一些句子来,结合我的学习经验写成一个读书笔记分享给大家,希望对大家有所帮助。书也好,我的分享也好,只是一个开始,自己该下的功夫一点也不能少。
Don’t see blue movies.
blue movie/film 是“色情电影”的意思,类似的表达还有exploiter, erotic film, porn。一定不要把“黄色电影”说成是yellow movie。
Yellow pages也不是“色情书刊”之类,而是“电话号码薄”(a large book containing the telephone numbers and addresses of businesses and organizations in a particular area),类似的表达还有White Pages。
Both the children are not bright.
Both…and的用法我们都很熟悉,both…not的意思不是“两者都不”,而是“并非两者都”。上面这句话的意思是:并非两个小孩都聪明。
关于这个知识点,陈用仪的《英语常用词疑难用法手册》的解释更加具体:
both前面有否定时,是局部否定,即否定一个肯定一个。
【例如】I don't want both books.
我两本书不全要(只要一本)。
Both后面否定可能是局部否定,但更多是全部否定。
【例如】Both of them are not in good shape.
他们两个人身体都不好。或:他们两个人并不是身体都好。
Both children were not to be found at home.
两个孩子在家里都不见了人。
但是全部否定最好不用both… not…而用neither,例如最好不要说*Both of them did not go swimming. 而说Neither of them went swimming.
He’s a poor sailor.
poor sailor常被用来指“会晕船的人”,对应的,good sailor就是“不晕船的人”。另外说“晕船的”表达是"seasick", “晕机的”是"airsick".
I only used Accent for soup.
这里的Accent大写了,它指的是美国的一家生产味精的公司。在美国,表达“味精”时,用Accent远多于monosodium glutamate (MSG)。
很多品牌都已经成为了词。例如我们会说 “Just google it!”, “Xerox this sheet”。Scotch往往指的就是胶带, Thermos指的是保温杯 — 哪怕这个物品并不是Scotch或者Thermos品牌也可以这样叫。
She’s a bad singer, and the fans love her.
这里的bad的意思和我们熟悉的“坏”恰恰相反,它表示的是 “good, excellent, impressive, stylish”, 是一种俚语的用法。
The Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang says that, especially in African-American English, “bad” is used to mean “wonderful; deeply satisfying; stunningly attractive or stylish; sexy.”
让我想到了badass这个词既可以表示 “a troublemaker”, 也可以用来表示一个人很酷很有趣。平时看美剧或者接触native speaker的时候,可以注意下他们是如何把一个简单的词“物尽其用”的。注意使用情境和使用的语气,要不然很容易产生误会。
Do you carry camera?
carry在这里是“出售”的意思 -- If a shop carries goods or products, it has them for sale.
There are 4 models on the catwalk now.
catwalk不是“猫步”,而是“时装表演台” “T型台”。
She is said to be a dog.
dog在美国俚语中可以表示“丑女人”,“粗制滥造的东西“。dog做动词可以表示“纠缠”的意思,例如:
Scandal-dogged, distrusted and divisive, a workaday campaigner with a style and résumé at odds with her party’s humour, Mrs Clinton is not ideal.
有关dog的习语也很多,例如let sleeping dogs lie; go to the dogs.
I like devilded eggs.
这里的deviled和“魔鬼”没有什么关系,deviled egg指的是“加了辣椒粉的蛋”,这个没有吃过,总之就是一种鸡蛋的做法。
另外,egg做动词还有“怂恿”“煽动“的意思。例如He eggs her on to gamble.
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