2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练 (23)

　　阅读理解-----（201*·湖北卷）

　　Howling is a behavior commonly observed among a wolf nark. An animals, wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling was an important means of communication each other. There are different explants of a wolf’s howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.

　　One theory is that wolves howl to bend better together. It’s almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together. Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together . But this theory may be wrong, explains Fred H. Harington, a professor who studies wolf behavior.

　　Indeed, there have been tines when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a exhorts, and the next, quarreling anions each other. It appears that usually the lowest-tanking menthes of the pack may actually be “punished” for Joining in the churs at times. So is howling a way to strcagthen a social boad or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? 棗Why do welves howl for sure?

　　What is cleat, however, is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other. Hubnting grounds are distant and it happens that woloves may separate from one another at times. When this happens, howling appcars to be an ercellent means of gathering.

　　Howling, interestingly, is a contagious behaviour. When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow. This is often seen to occat in the morning, as if wolves were doing some sotr of 搑oll rall攚here wolves all howl togeter to howl, very likely others will follow. This is often seen to occar in the morning, as if wolves were doingy

　　w some sotr of 搑oll call攚here wolves all howl together to repotr their pteence.

　　55.What the por similarity between wolveswo’ how humaes ting in chorus?

　　A.The act of calling each other.

　　B.the sense of accomplishment.

　　C.The act of hunting for something.

　　D.The sense of belonging to a group.

　　56.Why does Harrington think the搒ecial boad攖heory may be wrong?

　　A.Wolves separate from eaHuch other after howling.

　　B.Wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.

　　C.Wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.

　　D.Wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.

　　57.Reseatchers are sure that wolves often howl to______.

　　A.show their ranks

　　B.

　　C.repotr the missing ones

　　D.express their lonelingess

　　58.揌owlingW… is a contagious behaviour?in the last paragraph)means_______.

　　A.howling is a signal for hunting

　　B.howling is a way of communication

　　C.howling aften occurs in the morning

　　D.howling spreads from one to another

　　o【参考答案】DCBD

　　高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-----A

　　“Some of the worst human tragedies happening in the world today go on because we don't really see them. We rarely make eye communication with people who are suffering, so we act sometimes as if the people don't exist．”

　　The speaker is Bill Gates，the world's richest man．At a gathering in Seattle，he is talking not as the Microsoft chairman but as a partner in a strong personal duty. For Gates and his wife，Melinda，making less inequality in global health and domestic education has become a life's goal．

　　Having set up their foundation(基金会)with close to $29 billion，the Gates are on track to become history's greatest philanthropists(慈善家). But they do more than just give money out. Experts praise the couple for their wisdom and their ability to gather others:“Even with this great contribution，”says Susan Schwab, president and CEO of the University System of Maryland Foundation,“they know they can't solve these problems alone．”

　　Their devotion came from different sources．For Melinda，it was a vacation to Zaire．Where she was struck by meeting women in being extremely poor．For Bill，it was reading that millions of children die every year from preventable diseases. “Melinda and I had assumed that if there were medicines and treatments that could save lives, government would be doing everything they could to get them to…people，”Bill said at the World Health Assembly in Geneva. “We couldn't escape the cruel conclusion that…some lives are seen as worth saving and others are not．”

　　From shock came action. They focused on the simple message that one life is worth no more or less than another. Frances Hesselbein, chairman of the non-profit Leader to Leader Institute, says：“Sometimes people give in a very fair way, but there is something about what they are doing…that is the opposite of that. It is very difficult to understand and very personal．”

　　Both Gateses read scientific books and travel extensively in developing countries. So far，the Gateses have devoted $9 billion to global health. They share a sense of urgency. “We're not doing enough in developing countries to give out the treatments and practices we know are effective in fighting diseases such as malaria，tuberculosis and HIV，” the couple told U．S．News．

　　1. Which of the following does Bill Gates think is not correct?

　　A. We act sometimes as if the people suffering don't exist．

　　B. They can't solve these problems alone．

　　C. Some lives are worth saving and others are not．

　　D. Government would be doing everything to help people．

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。本题可用排除法。四个选项之中只有C选项“有些生命值得挽救另外一些生命不值得挽救”是慈善家Bill Gates最不会赞同的观点，故答案为C。

　　2. What does the underlined word “struck” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

　　A. hit

　　B. impressed

　　C. attacked

　　D. hurt

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为词义猜测题。由第四段划线词语的上下文 “For Melinda，it was a vacation to Zaire．Where she was struck by meeting women in being extremely poor．For Bill，it was reading that millions of children die every year from preventable diseases.”可知，Melinda见到的是极其贫穷的妇女，Bill见到的是成千上万的儿童死于疾病，因此“struck”意思最接近B选项“impressed”，意为“给人印象最深刻的”。

　　3. What do we know about the projects supported by Gates' Foundation?

　　A. They have had great influence on global health．

　　B. They are limited to the areas in Africa．

　　C. They only focus on medical treatment．

　　D. They are carried out without government's support．

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推理题。由第二段最后一句话 “For Gates and his wife，Melinda，making less inequality in global health and domestic education has become a life's goal．” 和最后一段第二句话 “So far， the Gateses have devoted $9 billion to global health.”可知，Gates 和他的妻子Melinda对全球的健康作出了巨大贡献，可以推断A选项符合文意。

　　由最后一段 “Both Gateses read scientific books and travel extensively in developing countries. … ‘We're not doing enough in developing countries…’ ’’可知，B选项错误。由第三段 “But they do more than just give money out. Experts praise the couple for their wisdom and their ability to gather others…”可知，C选项错误。由第四段 “ ‘Melinda and I had assumed that if there were medicines and treatments that could save lives, government would be doing everything they could to get them to…people，’Bill said at the World Health Assembly in Geneva.”可知，盖茨的基金会有政府的支持，故D选项错误。均不选。

　　4. The passage is intended to_________．

　　A. praise Bill and Melinda Gates for their kindness

　　B. raise more money for the foundation

　　C. explain to people how the projects work

　　D. convince more people of helping others

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题考查文章的写作目的。初读文章似乎是在赞扬Gates夫妇的慈善行为，但是如果把握全文的结构，本文的写作目的并非如此。

　　文章第一段引用Bill Gates讲的话：我们无视受难人的存在。第二段指出这些话是Bill Gates在西雅图会议上不是作为微软公司的总裁而是作为一个具有强烈个人责任感的人所讲的话。第三段写到Gates和他的夫人不仅仅捐钱，专家赞扬他们夫妇运用智慧和能力把众人聚集起来为慈善事业作贡献，并引用专家的话来证明他们夫妇尽管贡献非常大，但是他们知道单靠他们的力量并不能解决问题。第四段描写Gates夫妇看到的受难人的景象。第五段则是他们的行动，他们向人们传达出一个“每个生命都平等”的简单信息，并用Frances Hesselbein的话来进一步解释这个信息的真正意义。最后一段Gates夫妇告诉美国资讯他们在发展中国家所作的一切还不够，重申了本文的主旨。

　　总结全文结构：第一、二段是Gates夫妇在做号召工作，因为他们知道自己的力量不够；中间段落讲他们夫妇在哪些方面做了贡献；最后一段对他们的号召工作再次呼应。因此，全文是在用Gates夫妇的例子来号召人们帮助他人。故答案为D。

　　较难题目特训：人物故事类

　　In Western culture, 21 was the age at which young people traditionally received a key to their parents’ door, as a symbol of entering adulthood. Now, the age of 21 is a time when people ask themselves: where do I go from here?

　　Jiang Fangzhou’s 21 years have been filled with the kind of success most young people wouldn’t dare hope for in a lifetime. She published her first book at the age of nine and has written many more since then. She is regarded as a spokesperson for her generation. However, her hopes and concerns for the future appear decidedly normal.

　　She explains that while her fellow students are chiefly concerned with getting a job or buying an apartment, shefrets over how she can excel in her work when having limited experience of the world.

　　However, Jiang, now a senior at the School of Journalism and Communication of Tsinghua University, notes that her peers face intense pressure and competition at school. They are expected to excel in their field of study despite limited experience, just as Jiang is expected to shine in the literary world.

　　Young people, she says, have been forced to open their eyes to the world around them. Jiang’s world has opened up, too. She’s more at ease with herself at 21, compared with when she began college.

　　“My horizon has broadened and I’m more tolerant,” she says. “As a freshman, I was desperate. I stopped people around me and asked: ‘Is there anything in the world still worth hoping for? ‘ But now I don’t do that.”

　　Jiang says that she may not pursue writing as her main future career because she wants to try“other lifestyles”—overseas travel and study touring sound particularly inviting to her. But she is concerned that many foreigners have skewed (歪曲的,倾斜的) perceptions about China.

　　“A few days ago I overheard a conversation between two foreigners sitting next to me on a flight,” says Jiang. “They were having a heated discussion about the number of beggars in China. And how Chinese always go for ‘petty profits’. In fact, they had been in China for only a week.”

　　Jiang believes prejudice is unavoidable, but she also maintains that Chinese and Westerners, for example, share much common ground.

　　“We share the same principles, such as honesty and a willingness to help others,” says Jiang. “The differences between peoples are not that huge.”

　　1. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A. Jiang Fangzhou’s novels.

　　B. Embracing new challenges.

　　C. Jiang Fangzhou’s university life.

　　D. Jiang Fangzhou’s success.

　　2. What does the underlined phrase mean?

　　A. be patient with　

　　B. be worried about

　　C. be content with

　　D. be indifferent about

　　3. Which of the following sentences is true?

　　A. Jiang doesn’t have any pressure and competition as the others do.

　　B. Jiang’s peers face intense pressure and competition at school.

　　C. Jiang wants to be a professional writer in future.

　　D. Jiang often asks her friends some questions now.

　　4. We can infer from the text that_____.　

　　A. there is nothing but prejudice between Chinese and Westerners

　　B. Jiang accepts the fact that there are huge differences between peoples

　　C. one week is enough to know about a true China.

　　D. Jiang disagrees with what the two foreigners said about Chinese

　　【参考答案】4.BBBD

　　高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-----B

　　Identifying which jobs put the most stress on American workers is, in itself, a risky business. Everyone knows, for example, that air-traffic controllers have more than their share of white-knuckle day. But stressful jobs are not equally stressful to all people. Some air-traffic controllers thrive on the flying circus. Their secret, says Suzane Oouellette, a psychologist at the City University of New York, is "hardiness", a balance of feeling committed, challenged and in control in the workplace.

　　Then again, some professions are inarguably tough to take. Doctors, lawyers and police officers routinely top suicide lists. And some jobs are plain dangerous: miners have the highest job-fatality rate in the country. Less extreme but much more widespread are the psychological hazards that result from 10 years of corporate downsizing and having to keep up with the speed and volume of computers. Dr. Rupert. Burtan, a specialist in occupational medicine, says," Many workers have too much dumped on their desks and nor enough time in which to get it all done." That complaint is often made by secretaries, who also make most stressed-out lists.

　　Jobs that attract idealistic types can sour（使人不愉快的） when the work seems to make little meaningful difference. Besides police officers and lawyers, inner-city teachers and journalists often fall into this category. Doctors, interns and nurses can, too, when the waves of the sick seem endless.

　　Why the recent wave exhausts basketball coaches? Sports give them tremendous responsibilities but, ultimately, little control. Coaches can only coach; they can't actually run the plays. But if the team loses, they still get fired. Similarly, waiters and waitresses get stiffed on tips if the cook screws up.

　　But experts say the toughest occupation may still be that of working mom. Many women who are bringing home the bacon are still expected to fry and serve it, too. '' There really are relatively few couples where child care and domestic work are truly shared," says Harriet Lerner, a psychologist at the Menninger Clinic. Even unemployed husbands do no more than 36percent of the housework. Now that's a study in high stress and high shame.

　　1. The example of air-traffic controllers is given in Para. 1 to show that

　　.

　　A. it’s not easy to decide which jobs are stressful

　　B. nobody wants to be an air-traffic controller

　　C. they can easily succeed in their career

　　D. their job is the most dangerous one

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。文章第一段第一句话 “Identifying which jobs put the most stress on American workers is, in itself, a risky business.”是该段的主题句，因此后面的例子air-traffic controllers就是用来证明第一句话，表明“判断哪种工作压力非常大不容易”，故答案为A。

　　2. The underlined word “it” in Para. 2 refers to

　　.

　　A. the working time

　　B. the speed of computers

　　C. the amount of work D. the size of computers

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为词义猜测题。结合划线词语的上下文 “ ‘Many workers have too much dumped on their desks and nor enough time in which to get it all done.’ That complaint is often made by secretaries, who also make most stressed-out lists.” 可知，办公桌上堆了太多的东西，也没有足够时间去做完，这些抱怨通常来自压力最大的秘书，因此可以推断划线部分的“it”指代的是工作量，故答案为C。

　　3. What makes working mothers have the toughest occupation?

　　A. The housework only. B. The unhappy family life.

　　C. The full-time job.

　　D. Their double roles.

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由最后一段倒数第二句话 “Even unemployed husbands do no more than 36percent of the housework.”可知，甚至是不工作的丈夫所做的家务仅仅只有36%，因此上班的妈妈工作最艰难是因为她们比丈夫承担了双倍的责任（64%），故答案为D。

　　4. It can be inferred from the passage that

　　.

　　A. people often lose interest in their jobs

　　B. people tend to choose wrong professions

　　C. it is easy to find an ideal job in modern times

　　D. the ideal jobs can turn stressful as well

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。全文围绕工作压力展开论述，因此答案为D。A、B、C都不是文章所讨论的，均不选。