2017届高考英语一轮复习课时作业17 Unit 2（人教版必修4）

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　　课时提升作业(十七)

　　必修4　Unit 2

　　Ⅰ. 阅读理解

　　(2017·福州模拟)

　　In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition(学会)of each new skill in the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

　　Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe(严格的)over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness.

　　As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that“example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教), their children may grow confused when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.

　　A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

　　【文章大意】本文谈家长如何教育孩子, 说明了要“宽严相济”, “身教”胜过“说教”的道理。

　　1. Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills　.

　　A. should be avoided

　　B. is universal among parents

　　C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

　　D. will make the child lose interest in learning new things

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第一段开头In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill, 既然是每位父母都会这样做, 那么这种做法在父母中就是普遍的, 故选B。

　　2. The second paragraph mainly tells us that　.

　　A. parents should be strict with their children

　　B. parental controls reflect only the values of the community

　　C. parental restrictions vary, and are not always for the benefit of the children alone

　　D. it’s parents’ and society’s duty to control the children

　　【解析】选C。段落大意题。文章第二段的大意是: 父母对孩子的严格程度有很大的不同。

　　3. The word“precept”in Paragraph 3 probably means“　”.

　　A. opinion B. punishment

　　C. behavior

　　D. instruction

　　【解析】选D。词义猜测题。四个选项的意思分别是: A. opinion(观点); B. punishment(惩罚); C. behavior(行为); D. instruction(教导, 源于instruct)。根据文章第三段第三、四句可以推测, precept应表达与example对立的意思, 且与preach是同义词, 引语的意思是“榜样比说教更有力”, 故D为最佳选项。

　　4. In terms of moral matters, parents should　.

　　A. follow the rules themselves

　　B. be aware of the huge difference between adults and children

　　C. forbid their children to follow book teachings

　　D. always ensure the security of their children

　　【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句, 再根据文章最后一段, 可以得出结论, 关于道德教育问题, 父母应该以身作则, 带头遵循, 故选A。

　　Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　(2017·北京西城区模拟)

　　I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early　1　of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to　2　my parents.

　　At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with　3　at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her, “something else to　4　! ”Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.

　　At that age, I always did something　5　to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found　6　, I would plant a garden!

　　I planted some lily(百合花)seeds in the yard. But they failed to　7　. I continued to plant sunflower seeds and roses. Wild　8　joy, I found the first rose bloom(开花). One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off. 　9　, I was touched by this land of wonder.

　　　10　, my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even　11　at me because he found it was　12　to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother’s　13　, I put my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds　14　flowers in her vase.

　　Regardless of their　15　, I kept on planting my garden and　16　to enjoy the pleasure of gardening. Plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they　17　to care and love.

　　It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to　18　my parents. Today I become known as Mrs. Greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very　19　. And now I could say it is my affection for　20　that makes me a real gardener.

　　【文章大意】作者小时候出于反叛心理, 在院子里种花, 结果最终喜欢上了园艺。后来作者在这方面做出了成绩, 成为了一名真正的园艺师, 使当初持反对意见的父母为之自豪。

　　1. A. memory　B. dream　C. intention　D. design

　　【解析】选C。词义辨析题。作者早期从事园艺的意图并非源于对大自然的热爱。C选项为“意图, 打算”之意, 符合语境。

　　2. A. please B. change

　　C. help

　　D. annoy

　　【解析】选D。前后照应题。根据下文可知, 作者从事园艺只是给父母添烦恼。D选项是“惹恼, 使生气, 使烦恼”之意, 符合文意。

　　3. A. doubt B. appreciation

　　C. surprise

　　D. excitement

　　【解析】选A。词义辨析题。根据下文可知, 作者的母亲以怀疑的目光看着大自然的杰作。由此可知, A选项符合文意。

　　4. A. collect up B. care about

　　C. clean up

　　D. come in

　　【解析】选C。短语辨析题。既然在母亲眼里这些金黄色的叶子是垃圾, 那么就需要有人将其打扫掉。在四个选项中, C表示“清理, 打扫”, 符合文意。

　　5. A. equal B. similar

　　C. superior

　　D. opposite

　　【解析】选D。固定搭配题。作者小时候有一种反叛的心理, 总是去做与父母意见相反的事。opposite to与……相反。

　　6. A. painful B. valuable

　　C. upsetting

　　D. interesting

　　【解析】选C。词义辨析题。由于反叛心理, 作者想到如果园艺是父母感到烦恼的事, 就种植一个花园。在选项中, C选项表示“令人烦恼的”之意, 符合语境。

　　7. A. come up B. break out

　　C. hold on

　　D. get through

　　【解析】选A。短语辨析题。作者在院子里种了百合花种子, 但是没有发芽。A表示“发芽, 走近”; B表示“爆发, 发生”; C表示“不挂断, 等一会”; D表示“接通, 完成”。

　　8. A. to B. with

　　C. in

　　D. by

　　【解析】选B。固定搭配题。作者高兴地发现第一朵玫瑰花开花了。with joy为常用短语, 表示“高兴地”之意, 符合语境。

　　9. A. Luckily B. Cheerfully

　　C. Regularly

　　D. Eventually

　　【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。朵朵鲜花竞相绽放, 最终, 作者被眼前的景象所感动。由此可知, D选项符合语境。

　　10. A. Instead B. However

　　C. Therefore

　　D. Besides

　　【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。然而, 作者的父母对作者的花园不感兴趣。空白处表示的是一种转折的语气, B选项符合语境。

　　11. A. shouted B. laughed

　　C. glanced

　　D. jumped

　　【解析】选A。词义辨析题。作者的父亲甚至对作者大声叫嚷。由此可知, A选项符合语境。

　　12. A. convenient B. troublesome

　　C. enjoyable

　　D. dangerous

　　【解析】选B。词义辨析题。作者的父亲觉得花挡住了车道, 令他烦恼。B选项有“令人烦恼的”之意, 符合文意。

　　13. A. sadness B. displeasure

　　C. delight

　　D. relief

　　【解析】选B。固定搭配题。作者把自己的真玫瑰花放进母亲的花瓶里, 使她感觉不愉快。to one’s displeasure为常用短语, 而且意思符合语境。

　　14. A. other than B. more than

　　C. rather than

　　D. less than

　　【解析】选C。短语辨析题。在作者母亲的眼里, 那些只是杂草而不是鲜花。C选项是“而不是”之意, 符合文意。

　　15. A. dislike B. encouragement

　　C. threat

　　D. suggestion

　　【解析】选A。词义辨析题。尽管作者的父母不喜欢作者的所作所为, 但是作者一直坚持自己的做法。由此可知, A选项符合语境。

　　16. A. decided B. stopped

　　C. continued

　　D. struggled

　　【解析】选C。词义辨析题。作者继续享受园艺的快乐。在四个选项中, C选项是“继续”之意, 符合文意。

　　17. A. devote B. turn

　　C. respond

　　D. challenge

　　【解析】选C。固定搭配题。植物成为作者的好伙伴, 它们呼吸, 它们开花, 它们对作者的呵护和爱有回应。respond to为常用短语, 是“对……反应、响应”之意。

　　18. A. defeat B. satisfy

　　C. respect

　　D. challenge

　　【解析】选D。词义辨析题。根据上文, 由于反叛心理, 作者种植花园是出于挑战父母。A表示“战胜, 击败”; B表示“使满意, 使高兴, 使满足”; C表示“尊敬, 敬重, 尊重”; D表示“向……挑战, 怀疑, 反对”。由此可知, D选项与文意相符。

　　19. A. proud B. comfortable

　　C. strange

　　D. disappointed

　　【解析】选A。固定搭配题。现在作者已经成为一名著名的园艺师, 使其父母为之自豪。在四个选项中, A选项的词义符合文意。

　　20. A. freedom B. life

　　C. growth

　　D. nature

　　【解析】选D。词汇复现题。作者认为是自己对大自然的钟爱使自己最终成为一名真正的园艺师。第一段就出现了nature。

　　Ⅲ. 语法填空

　　阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　After graduation from college, I started to be a seller. Soon I discovered that the worried expression I　1　(wear)since childhood meant sure failure. I knew it wasn’t going to be easy to change that expression on my face left by so many years of　2　(hard). It called for a complete change in my view on life. Here is the method I tried.

　　Each morning during a fifteen-minute bath, I determined to cultivate a big, happy smile. I found out, however, that it couldn’t be a　3　(force)smile developed just for the purpose of putting dollars in my pocket. It had to be　4　honest-to-goodness smile from down deep inside, an outward expression of happiness from within!

　　Let’s see　5　starting off with a good fifteen-minute training of the smile muscles helped me during the day. 　6　entering an office I would think of many things I had to be thankful for, work up a big smile and then enter. Seldom did it fail　7　(get)the same smile　8　return from the person I met. I also found that it pleased people when I passed them on the street to give them a cheerful smile.

　　Give every living soul you meet the best smile you have ever smiled in your life, 　9　see how much better you feel and look. It’s one of the best ways I know to stop worrying, and start living. When I began doing this, I found　10　more welcome everywhere.

　　【文章大意】大学毕业后, 作者就做起了销售的工作, 可是, 童年时就有的担忧的表情让他屡屡失败。于是, 作者苦练微笑的表情, 并取得了非常好的效果, 也意识到了微笑的力量。

　　1. 【解析】had been wearing。考查时态。由since childhood可知, 该句要用完成进行时; 由主句谓语动词discovered可知, 应用过去完成进行时。

　　2. 【解析】hardship。考查名词。介词(of)后面要用名词、代词或者动名词作介词的宾语。hardship意为“艰难、苦难”。

　　3. 【解析】forced。考查形容词。修饰名词(smile)要用形容词。forced勉强的。

　　4. 【解析】an。考查冠词。本句应用冠词修饰smile, 而honest是以元音音素开头的单词, 应用不定冠词an。

　　5. 【解析】how。考查连词。how引导的是宾语从句, 作see的宾语, 并在从句中作help的方式状语。

　　6. 【解析】Before。考查介词。由本句中的and then enter可知, 作者在进入办公室之前, 先想想应该感谢的事情, 露出大大的笑容, 再进入办公室。

　　7. 【解析】to get。考查不定式。fail后要用不定式作宾语。fail to do不能做某事。

　　8. 【解析】in。考查介词。in return作为回报, 是固定搭配。

　　9. 【解析】and。考查并列连词。上下文之间是并列关系, 故用and。

　　10. 【解析】myself。考查代词。主语是I, 用反身代词myself作宾语。

　　【技法导练】多学一点　棋高一着

　　阅读理解——如何做词义猜测题?

　　词义猜测题是通过词汇、词义、句子与具体语境相结合来考查学生对语境、句意的准确理解能力。常用方法有:

　　①在画线部分的上下文中找: 句子中有些词其前或其后的文字中就有该词(短语/句子)的定义或解释, 可通过对其定义或解释的理解推测出它的意义;

　　②根据定义、解释或同位关系来猜测意义;

　　③根据上下文的语境来猜测生词(短语/句子)的意义。

　　请根据本篇阅读理解材料填空。题　号 猜测方式 含　义

　　3 根据上下文推断——上文中与其意义相对的词是, 下文中与其意义相近的词是 ______

　　答案:

　　题　号 猜测方式 含　义

　　3 根据上下文推断——上文中与其意义相对的词是example, 下文中与其意义相近的词是preach instruction(教导)