2017届高考英语（江苏专用）一轮复习讲义：Book 7 Unit 2（牛津译林版）

　　话题词汇

　　1.creative adj.富有创造力的

　　2.determination n.决心

　　3.humorous adj.幽默的

　　4.independent adj.独立的

　　5.profession n.职业

　　6.qualification n.资格；学历

　　7.be honored as被誉为……

　　8.be active in积极从事于

　　9.be admitted into a key university考上重点大学

　　10.think highly/well of对……高度评价

　　经典语篇

　　请根据下面人物简介写一篇短文：

　　姓名 屠呦呦 国籍 中国 职业 药学家、科学家

　　主要经历 1.1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波；

　　2.1951年考入北京大学，专攻/主修制药专业，于1955年毕业；

　　3.毕业后接受中医培训两年半，并一直在中国中医研究院工作；

　　4.1972年成功发现并制成一种治疗疟疾的药物——青蒿素而获得多种奖项；

　　5.2015年10月5日，她被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，成为中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性科学家。

　　总结 我们要向她学习，投身科学研究。

　　注意：词数150左右。

　　参考词汇：中国中医研究院/所China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine；疟疾malaria

　　佳作欣赏

　　Tu Youyou，a famous female pharmacologist and scientist，was born in Ningbo，Zhejiang Province on December 30th,1930.① In 1951，she was admitted into Beijing University，majoring in making medicine and graduated in 1955.After graduation she was trained in traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half② and she has been working in China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1972，she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world，so that she won many big awards.③To our excitement and delight，she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on October 5th,2015，becoming the first Chinese woman who won the Nobel Prize④ .We are called on to learn from her and devote ourselves to scientific research.

　　思维发散

　　1.将第①句改为含有定语从句的复合句

　　Tu Youyou，who is a famous female pharmacologist and scientist，was born in Ningbo，Zhejiang Province on December 30th,1930.

　　2.将第②句改为含有时间状语从句的复合句

　　After she graduated，she was trained in traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half.

　　3.将第③句中的so that从句改为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句

　　In 1972，she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world，for which she won many big awards.

　　4.将第④句中的定语从句改为短语作定语

　　becoming the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A.写作单词

　　1.vital (adj.)对……极重要的，必不可少的

　　2.potential (n.)可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能；(adj.)潜在的；可能的

　　3.unable (adj.)不能，无法

　　4.beneficial (adj.)有益的，有用的

　　benefit (n.)利益，好处；(v.)有助于，受益

　　5.possess (vt.)拥有，具有

　　possession (n.)[C，常用复数]所有物；财产；[U]具有，拥有

　　6.astonish (vt).使十分惊讶，使吃惊

　　astonishing (adj.)令人十分惊讶的

　　astonished (adj.)感到十分惊讶的

　　astonishment (n.)惊讶，惊异

　　7.application (n.)应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷

　　apply (vi.)申请；适用；(vt.)应用；涂，敷

　　applicant (n.)申请人

　　8.approval (n.)批准，通过；赞成，同意

　　approve (vt.)批准，同意；(vi.)赞成

　　9.effective (adj.)有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的

　　effect (n.)效果，作用；影响

　　10.reasonable (adj.)合理的，有理由的；公道的；明智的

　　unreasonable (adj.)不合理的

　　reason (n.)理由；(v.)推理

　　11.arrangement (n.)排列，布置；安排；约定，协议

　　arrange (v.)安排，筹划；整理，排列，布置

　　12.applaud (vi.& vt.)鼓掌；称赞，赞许

　　applause (n.)鼓掌，喝彩

　　13.sharp (adj.)锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；尖锐的，严厉的

　　sharpen (vt.& vi.)(使)变锋利；提高，改善

　　14.addicted (adj.)上瘾；入迷

　　addict (n.)吸毒成瘾的人，对……入迷的人；(vt.)使上瘾，使沉迷

　　addiction (n.)瘾，嗜好

　　addictive (adj.)使上瘾的，使人入迷的

　　15.phenomenon (n.)现象

　　phenomena (pl.)

　　16.accelerate (vt.& vi.)(使)加速，加快

　　acceleration (n.)加速，加快

　　B.阅读单词

　　17.outcome (n.)结果，后果

　　18.complex (adj.)复杂的，难懂的；(n.)建筑群；相关联的一组事物；情结

　　19.theory (n.)理论，学说

　　20.relate (vt.& vi.)联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述

　　21.best­selling (adj.)畅销的

　　22.surgeon (n.)外科医师

　　23.dull (adj.)钝的，不锋利的；迟钝的；枯燥的；灰暗的，昏暗的

　　24.revolution (n.)巨变，大变革；革命

　　25.counter (n.)柜台；计数器；反驳；(vt.)反驳；抵制，抵消

　　26.chew (vt.& vi.)咀嚼，嚼碎；咬，啃

　　27.tablet (n.)药片；丸；牌，匾，碑

　　28.symptom (n.)症状；征兆

　　29.sickness (n.)疾病；恶心，呕吐

　　sick (adj.)生病的；恶心的，呕吐的

　　30.bleed (vt.)流血，失血

　　blood (n.)血

　　31.chemist (n.)药剂师，药商；化学家

　　chemical (n.)化学物质；化学制品；(adj.)化学的

　　chemistry (n.)化学

　　32.circulate (vi.& vt.)循环；传播，散布；传递，传阅

　　circulation (n.)循环，流通

　　33.abnormal (adj.)不正常的，反常的

　　normal (n.& adj.)正常(的)，一般(的)

　　34.subscribe (vi.)定期订购或订阅

　　subscriber (n.)订阅者；订购者；捐助者

　　subscription (n.)订阅，订购；捐助；签字，签署

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1.try out测试，试验；参加选拔

　　2.wear somebody out使筋疲力尽；使厌烦

　　3.let out放出，发出

　　4.subscribe to同意，赞成

　　5.mass production批量生产

　　6.be cautious about对……小心谨慎

　　7.manage to do sth.设法做成某件事

　　8.in...form/in the form of...以……形式

　　9.be addicted to对……上瘾，痴迷

　　10.swell up肿胀，膨胀

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1.Have you ever seen a doctor？If so，what happened?

　　你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？

　　2.If you open any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world，it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.

　　倘若你打开世界上任何一个药柜，或者走到任何一个卖药的柜台，都有可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。

　　3.Both of these medicines have saved millions of people’s lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.

　　自这两种药被发明以来，它们已挽救了数百万人的性命，并已证实对人类有益。

　　4.Will you need to change the information or will you use it as it is?

　　你需要改变信息还是按原样使用？

　　1

　　possess vt.拥有，具有

　　[应试指导]　短语用法

　　1be possessed by/with被……控制

　　be possessed of拥有某种品质、能力等

　　2possession n.[C]所有物；财产；[U]拥有；具有

　　in possession of sth.占有或拥有某物

　　in the possession of sb.为某人所有

　　take possession of占有，拥有；占领

　　(1)He is possessed of health，wealth and good sense.

　　他身体好，有钱，又有见识。

　　(2)The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones.

　　结果是，我们扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。(2015·安徽)

　　多维训练

　　(1)用possess的适当形式填空

　　①I’m afraid he doesn’t possess a sense of humour.

　　②She was suddenly possessed by fear.

　　③He was caught in possession of stolen goods.

　　④The land is in the possession of the merchant.

　　(2)The invaders

　　the land of the locals.

　　A.in possession of

　　B.took possession of

　　C.in the possession of

　　D.took the possession of

　　答案　B

　　解析　take possession of占有，拥有，在句中作谓语。

　　(3)These comments came

　　specific questions often asked by local newsmen.(2015·浙江，17)

　　A.in memory of

　　B.in response to

　　C.in touch with

　　D.in possession of

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意为：这些评论是对当地记者经常询问的具体问题的回应。in response to作为对……的回答，作为对……的反应，符合语境。in memory of为了纪念；in touch with与……有联系；in possession of拥有，持有。

　　2

　　[应试指导]　写作高频词汇

　　(1)be vital for/to sth.对……极为重要

　　(2)It is vital that...……是极重要的。从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。像这样用于该句型的词还有：important，necessary，strange等。

　　(1)What’s worse，some drivers，cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.

　　更糟糕的是，一些司机，骑自行车的人及行人认为遵守交通规则并不重要。(2015·江苏)

　　(2)It is hard work and determination rather than outer conditions that play a vital role in shaping a great mind.

　　在塑造伟大的思想上起着关键性作用的是勤奋和决心而非外在的条件。

　　(3)His support is vital for our project.

　　他的支援对我们的计划是极为重要的。

　　多维训练

　　(1)Interest is as vital to( 同等重要) learning as the ability to understand，even more so.

　　(2)It is vital that he

　　to the new environment as soon as possible.

　　A.adapt

　　B.adapts

　　C.must adapt

　　D.adopts

　　答案　A

　　解析　It is vital that...后面加虚拟语气“should＋动词原形”，表示“……是至关重要的”should可以省略。

　　3

　　[应试指导]　写作及完形填空高频词汇

　　have the potential to do sth.有做某事的潜力

　　the potential for doing sth.……的可能性/潜力

　　achieve/realize one’s full potential 充分发挥某人的潜力

　　(1)Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to develop to their greatest potential.

　　学校应该是鼓励个人发展他们的最大潜力的、充满活力的地方。(2015·江苏)

　　(2)Education develops potential abilities.

　　教育能开发人的潜能。

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①He has the potential to become(有成为……的潜能) a world­class musician.

　　②She believes that working in this way can help to achieve her full potential(有助于充分发挥她的潜力).

　　③You should believe that the students have great potential for learning English well(有学好英语的巨大潜能).

　　(2)People are

　　shoppers in China on November 11th，contributing to more than 35 billion online shopping sales.

　　A.potential

　　B.enthusiastic

　　C.intelligent

　　D.temporary

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：在中国，11月11日人们都是热情的购物者，网上购物达到350亿营业额。由句意可知营业额增加了，人们应该是热衷于购物，所以选B。

　　4

　　[应试指导]　写作高频词汇

　　1relate...to/with...把……与……联系起来

　　relate to相处，适应

　　2in/with relation to关于；涉及，有关

　　3be related to＝be relative to与……有关/联系/血缘关系

　　be connected with/be linked to与……有关/联系

　　(1)In fact，traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order.

　　事实上，交通规则是与公共秩序相关联的规则的一个部分。 (2015·江苏)

　　(2)It relates artistic values to local conditions.

　　它把艺术价值和当地的状况联系在一起了。(2015·重庆)

　　(3)Supply must be relative to demand.

　　供与求必须相适应。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用relate的适当形式填空

　　①You can have genes related to the immune system.

　　②Apparently relations between husband and wife have not improved.

　　(2)Experts believe that a large number of cancer cases in the area are directly

　　to the nuclear power station.

　　A.referred

　　B.devoted

　　C.contributed

　　D.related

　　答案　D

　　解析　be related to与……有关，符合句意。refer to涉及，参考；devote...to专心于；contribute to有助于。

　　(3)There is no need for you to go on a diet；you are only slightly overweight

　　your height.

　　A.in case of

　　B.in relation to

　　C.in return for

　　D.in response to

　　答案　B

　　解析　in case of万一；in relation to和……相关；in return for作为回报；in response to回应。根据题意可知选B项。

　　5

　　[应试指导]　 短语用法

　　try sth.out on在……上试验某物

　　try out for参加……选拔或试演

　　try on试穿；试用

　　(1)Try out the new medicine for a year and we’ll see how well it works.

　　试验一年这种新药，我们就会知道它的效用有多大。

　　(2)She enjoyed trying her French out on Pierre.

　　她喜欢找皮埃尔练习法语。

　　(3)A lot of people wanted me to try out for other positions and I told them no.

　　许多人都要我去参加其他职位的选拔，我都拒绝了。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用try on，try out填空

　　①It even provides many instruments with which to try out new things.

　　②When buying clothes，try on various colors and prints and see which one makes you look best.

　　(2)—What attracted you to our university?

　　—You have a great basketball team and I can

　　for it.

　　A.work out

　　B.look out

　　C.carry out

　　D.try out

　　答案　D

　　解析　work out解决，产生结果，发展，锻炼；look out向外看，当心，警惕；carry out抬出去，执行，贯彻；try out试验，选拔；try out for表示“参加……选拔，争取加入……”，符合句意。

　　6

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①人们对新产品的欲望促成了这一问题。我们痴迷于购买新产品。

　　Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem.We are addicted to buying new things.(2015·安徽)

　　② 孩子越聪明，他越不可能沉迷于电视。

　　The smarter a child is，the less likely he gets addicted to TV.(2015·广东)

　　(2)Compared with his sister，Jerry is even more

　　to，and more easily troubled by，emotional and relationship problems.

　　A.skeptical

　　B.addicted

　　C.available

　　D.sensitive

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：和姐姐相比，Jerry对感情以及人际关系的问题更为敏感，更为其所困扰。skeptical 怀疑的；addicted 有瘾的；available 可利用的；sensitive 敏感的。选D。

　　7

　　多维训练

　　(1)

　　after a long walk，Henry called and said he couldn’t come.

　　A.Having worn out

　　B.Being worn out

　　C.To wear out

　　D.Worn out

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：长途跋涉之后， Henry感到精疲力竭，打电话说他不能来了。wear oneself/sb.out使疲乏，使筋疲力尽，因此主语Henry与wear为被动关系。故用过去分词短语作状语。Worn out after a long walk...相当于状语从句Because Henry was worn out after a long walk...。故选D项。

　　(2)Mother always complains that children

　　their shoes very quickly.(2017·江西，27)

　　A.find out

　　B.wash out

　　C.wear out

　　D.set out

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查动词短语辨析。find out查明，发现；wash out洗净，冲毁；wear out耗尽，用坏，穿破；set out出发，开始。句意为：母亲总是抱怨说孩子们很快就把他们的鞋穿破了。由此可知C项正确。

　　8

　　多维训练

　　(1)“People of all walks of life are welcome to

　　the hope project，” said the poster.

　　A.subscribe to

　　B.correspond to

　　C.adjust to

　　D.relate to

　　答案　A

　　解析　subscribe to同意，订阅，捐献；correspond to和…一致；adjust to适应；relate to关于。句意为：海报上写着：“欢迎各行各业的人给希望工程捐款。”根据句意选A。

　　(2)If you

　　this newspaper，you’ll get an extra magazine.

　　A.correspond to

　　B.subscribe to

　　C.take to

　　D.apply to

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：如果你订阅这份报纸，你可以额外得到一份杂志。correspond to和……一致；subscribe to订阅，同意；take to喜欢；apply to应用。根据句意选B。

　　9

　　One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain.一种解释这种现象的理论认为，针灸疗法使疼痛信号无法到达大脑。

　　1suggest意为 “建议”时that引导的宾语从句需用虚拟语气从句中谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。

　　2suggest意为“表明，揭示”时， that引导的宾语从句无需用虚拟语气。

　　(1)She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.

　　她建议班会不要在星期六举行。

　　(2)Moments of joy suggest that there is still hope ahead.

　　快乐的时刻表明未来仍然存在着希望。(2015·浙江)

　　多维训练

　　(1)Who do you

　　we send to cover the bank robbery?

　　A.know

　　B.suppose

　　C.think

　　D.suggest

　　答案　D

　　解析　本句中suggest表“建议”，后面的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，省略了should，who作send的宾语。

　　(2)Off the east，the sky looked pale enough to

　　the storm was coming quickly.

　　A.suggest

　　B.report

　　C.prove

　　D.explain

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：东方灰蒙蒙的天空暗示着暴风雨即将来临。suggest暗示，这儿不表示“建议”；report报告；prove证明；explain解释。

　　10

　　Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.

　　阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧和止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。

　　1not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，连接两个分句时，若not only置于句首，not only所在的分句要部分倒装，but also后面的分句不倒装。

　　2not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近一致”的原则。

　　3not only只能连用，而but also则可以连用也可以分开用，also也可省略。

　　(1)Not only did they bring snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.

　　他们不但带了零食和饮料，而且他们带了牌可以在森林里野餐的时候来娱乐。

　　(2)Not only is the teacher himself interested in football but (also) all his students are beginning to show an interest in it.

　　不仅老师自己对足球感兴趣，而且他的所有学生也开始对足球表现出兴趣。

　　(3)Not only the mother but also the children are sick.

　　不仅妈妈而且连孩子也病了。

　　多维训练

　　(1)他不仅喜欢看小说而且甚至还写一些。

　　Not only did he like reading stories but he could even write some.

　　(2)The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only

　　，but students became more interested in the lessons.

　　A.saved was teachers’ energy

　　B.was teachers’ energy saved

　　C.teachers’ energy was saved

　　D.was saved teachers’ energy

　　答案　B

　　解析　在英语中not only位于句首时主谓要倒装，因此该句子中的主语teachers’ energy与谓语was saved要用倒装语序。句意为：计算机应用于教学。结果，不仅教师节省精力，而且学生对课程更感兴趣了。

　　(3)Not only

　　give people relaxation and pleasure，but

　　increase their knowledge of any kind.

　　A.can travel；it can

　　B.travel can；can it

　　C.can travel；can it

　　D.travel can；it can

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查not only...but also的倒装。它的倒装表现在前半部分，即not only引导的部分，后面部分仍用陈述句语序。故选A项。

　　微写作

　　写作素材 (关于成长问题)

　　1.现在很多青少年对电脑游戏上瘾。

　　2.他们的表现不正常。

　　3.这种现象令人吃惊。

　　4.有些青少年认为课堂很乏味，使他们厌烦。

　　5.家长和老师应采取有效措施来帮助他们。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。

　　连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)

　　Nowadays many teenagers are addicted to the computer games and their behavior is abnormal.The phenomenon is astonishing.Some of them think the lessons are dull and wear them out.Parents and teachers should take effective action to help these teenagers.

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1.He is

　　this house while that house is

　　his elder sister.

　　A.in possession of；in possession of

　　B.in the possession of；in possession of

　　C.in possession of；in the possession of

　　D.in the possession of；in the possession of

　　答案　C

　　解析　(be) in possession of 表示“拥有……”，其主语通常为表示人的名词或代词；(be) in the possession of 表示“为……所有”，其主语通常为表示物的名词或代词。

　　2.It was

　　who suggested that he

　　to New York in order to get a direct flight.

　　A.her；went

　　B.her；go

　　C.she；went

　　D.she；go

　　答案　D

　　解析　题干属于强调句型，所强调的是主从复合句中主句的主语，所以第一空要用she；suggest表示“建议”，后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语要用“(should＋) 动词原形”。

　　3.To our

　　，the boss wasn’t

　　at the

　　news at all.

　　A.astonishment；astonished；astonished

　　B.astonishment；astonished；astonishing

　　C.astonish；astonished；astonishing

　　D.astonishment；astonishing astonished

　　答案　B

　　解析　to one’s astonishment 表示“令人震惊的是”；be astonished at 表示“对……感到震惊”；the astonishing news 表示“令人震惊的消息”。

　　4.The new method Mr.Wang has been devoted to

　　effective.

　　A.is proved

　　B.to prove

　　C.being proved

　　D.proves

　　答案　D

　　解析　“prove”作为连系动词时，没有被动语态。prove effective构成系表结构。“Mr.Wang has been devoted to”是定语从句，修饰先行词即句子的主语“The new method”。

　　5.His mother doesn’t

　　of her going to study in the United States alone.

　　A.adjust

　　B.agree

　　C.prove

　　D.approve

　　答案　D

　　解析　approve of (doing) sth.表示“赞成(做)某事”。agree 不能跟 of 搭配；adjust意为“调节”，prove意为“证明”，均与句意不符。

　　6.The disease prevents the blood

　　freely.

　　A.to circulate

　　B.circulating

　　C.to be circulated

　　D.circulated

　　答案　B

　　解析　prevent sb.from doing sth.表示“阻止某人做某事”，在主动语态中介词from可以省略。

　　7.Nowadays，there is a

　　increase in children’s creativity，for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.

　　A.sharp

　　B.slight

　　C.natural

　　D.modest

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：当今，孩子的创造力急剧提高，因为他们被鼓励去发展个人才能。sharp 表示“急剧的”；slight表示“轻微的”； natural表示“自然的”； modest表示“谦虚的”。

　　8.The teacher told us that she would

　　the theory and play us some classical music before the next test.

　　A.try on

　　B.try for

　　C.try out

　　D.turn out

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：老师告诉我们她会尝试一下这个理论，在下次考试前为我们播放一些古典音乐。try out表示“试验”，符合句意。try on 表示“试穿”；turn out 表示“结果为”。

　　9.Each child is unique and teachers should encourage each one to realize their

　　.

　　A.power

　　B.strength

　　C.necessity

　　D.potential

　　答案　D

　　解析　realize one’s potential 表示“发挥某人的潜能”。power意为“权力；能力；电力”；strength意为“力气；实力；力量；长处”；necessity意为“必需品；必要性；需要”。

　　10.—Do you

　　her optimistic view of the state of the current economy?

　　—Yes.We should have faith in our government.

　　A.contribute to

　　B.subscribe to

　　C.correspond to

　　D.cater to

　　答案　B

　　解析　subscribe to表示“赞成，同意”，符合句意。 contribute to表示“促进”；correspond to表示“与……一致”；cater to表示“迎合，满足……的需要”。

　　11.One of my classmates accidentally

　　he had cheated in the last examination，or he wouldn’t have got so high a mark.

　　A.pointed out

　　B.let out

　　C.took out

　　D.tried out

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查动词短语辨析。point out指出；let out泄漏；take out拿出；try out实验。句意为：我的一个同学不小心泄漏他上次考试作弊了，否则他不会取得如此高的分数。故选B。

　　12.—Do you think he can pass the exam?

　　—He is

　　to fail because he was ill for several days.

　　A.possible

　　B.probable

　　C.likely

　　D.maybe

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查固定句型 sb./sth.be likely to do...某人或某事可能……

　　13.Although he has taken a lot of medicine，his health

　　poor.

　　A.proves

　　B.remains

　　C.maintains

　　D.continues

　　答案　B

　　解析　prove意为“结果是，证明是”；remain意为“依然是”，是系动词，可以接形容词作表语；maintain“保持”，为及物动词，不加形容词作表语。continue意为“继续”。

　　14.It was when we were returning home

　　I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.(2015·湖南，21)

　　A.which

　　B.that

　　C.where

　　D.how

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查强调句型。句意为：正是在我们快要回到家的时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙！强调句型的基本结构为It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。如果强调人，that还可以改为who，但是强调时间或者地点时只能使用that。

　　15.The deadline for making an

　　for the civil service exam is next Friday.

　　A.appeal

　　B.apology

　　C.application

　　D.appliance

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：申请参加公务员考试的最后期限是下周五。make an application for sth.申请某事，符合题意。make an appeal for呼吁，请求；apology道歉；appliance电器，器具，均与句意不符。

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　Genetically modified (转基因的) foods have become a focus point of agriculture throughout the news today.This has an effect on many different aspects of the agriculture world.From the seed dealer，to the farmer that buys the seed，to the workers that the farmer sells to：all are affected by the new technologies that are involved in this part of production agriculture.

　　Genetically modified foods have come under heavy fire lately.There are some countries that are against buying these types of foods.They are being tested for safety by the best scientific experts in Europe，the US and the rest of the world—They are not for sale until they have gone through this complete safety process.Since they are a new product，and any slight problem with them could affect a whole country，these tests are very necessary.

　　These safety tests are carried out because of the new rules that were made with the Novel Foods Regulation.Begun in May of 1997，the Novel Foods Regulation set up an EU­wide pre­market system for all novel foods.A novel food is described as one that has not been eaten by EU consumers widely in the past.By setting up this program the EU hopes to keep its consumers safe from any possible side effects of any new food products.

　　There are a variety of ways in which genetic modification has helped food producers.They can improve the nutritional value or the storage conditions of the food.Today there are only two genetically modified foods that have been allowed for use，these are GM soybean and GM maize.

　　Despite any safety checks，many people are still cautious about eating genetically modified foods.By providing these people with the necessary information，we can allow them to make decisions about these foods.

　　16.What do we know about the novel food?

　　A.It’s very popular in EU.

　　B.It’s bad for people’s health.

　　C.It’s a new kind of food.

　　D.Its story has been published.

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A novel food is described as one that has not been eaten by EU consumers widely in the past.”可知，新食品指的是还没有被欧盟成员国的消费者广泛使用的产品，故选C。

　　17.Genetically modified foods are allowed to be sold if they are

　　.

　　A.tested for safety

　　B.of high quality

　　C.more nutritional

　　D.grown in Europe

　　答案　A

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They are being tested for safety by the best scientific experts...They are not for sale until they have gone through this complete safety process...any slight problem with them could affect a whole country...”可知，转基因食品正在接受专家的检测，在证明它们的安全性之前，转基因食品是禁止销售的，故选A。

　　18.From Paragraph 2，we can learn that genetically modified foods

　　.

　　A.do no harm to people

　　B.have caused some problem

　　C.are well received after being tested

　　D.are criticized and attacked by many people

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“Genetically modified foods have come under heavy fire lately.There are some countries that are against buying these types of foods.”可知，转基因食品最近受到了强烈的抨击，一些国家反对销售转基因食品。故选D。

　　19.What’s the writer’s attitude towards genetically modified foods?

　　A.We should warn people that they are too dangerous to be eaten.

　　B.We should give people information about them so that they can decide whether to buy them.

　　C.We should encourage people to eat them because they are more nutritional.

　　D.We should tell people that they are trying to fool the farmers.

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“By providing these people with the necessary information，we can allow them to make decisions about these foods.”可知，作者认为，有关部门应提供有关转基因食品的必要信息，让人们自己来决定是否购买转基因食品，故选B。

　　B

　　Whenever we turn on the TV or radio，read the newspapers，surf the Internet，we’ll be surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere.We have so easily been attracted by the promise of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.We are paying for products that harm us psychologically(心理上地) and physically.

　　It’s obvious that diet products weaken us psychologically.They allow us to jump over the thinking stage that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight，but in controlling the consumption of fat.All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.

　　What’s more，diet products have greater psychological effects.Every time we have a zero­calorie drink，we are telling ourselves that we don’t have to work to get results.Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain，and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

　　As a matter of fact，the danger that diet products bring not only lies in the psychological effects they have on us，but also in the physical harm they cause.Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie，only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products.And they can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are stopping our bodies having basic nutrients.Diet products may not be nutritional，and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.

　　Losing weight lies in the power of minds，not in the power of chemicals.Think twice before buying diet products.Once we realize this，we will be much better able to resist diet products，and therefore，prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.

　　20.From Paragraph 1，we learn that

　　.

　　A.diet products are in our daily life

　　B.people have trouble choosing diet products

　　C.people should put up with diet products

　　D.diet products are misleading people

　　答案　D

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“...we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.”可知， 这些产品误导消费者，故选D项。

　　21.The psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to

　　.

　　A.hesitate before they enjoy diet foods

　　B.pay attention to their daily diet

　　C.watch their weight rather than their diet

　　D.try out varieties of diet foods

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“They allow us to jump over the thinking stage that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight but in controlling the consumption of fat.”可知，选C项。

　　22.The underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably means

　　.

　　A.diet products cause no pain

　　B.it costs a lot to lose weight

　　C.losing weight is effortless

　　D.diet products are free of fat and calories

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“What’s more，diet products have greater psychological effects.Every time we have a zero­calorie drink，we are telling ourselves that we don’t have to work to get results.”可知，选C项。

　　23.Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products

　　A.are over­consumed

　　B.are short of basic nutrients

　　C.lack chemicals

　　D.provide too much energy

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Diet products may not be nutritional，and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.”可知，选B项。