2017届高考英语（江苏专用）一轮复习讲义：Book 7 Unit 1（牛津译林版）

　　话题词汇

　　1.breakthrough n.突破；重大进展

　　2.convenience n.便利；方便

　　3.electronic adj.电子的

　　4.intelligent adj.智能的

　　5.invention n.发明；创造

　　6.technical adj.技术的；工艺的

　　7.be in the lead领先

　　8.follow the fashion追随时尚

　　9.in the field of science在科学领域

　　10.with the development of 随着……的发展

　　经典语篇(2017·湖南)

　　学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某件物品(如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计添加新功能来参赛。请以“My Magic

　　”为题写一篇英语短文，介绍你的创意。

　　内容：1.说明设计理由；

　　2.介绍新功能。

　　注意：词数不少于120个。

　　佳作欣赏

　　My Magic Water Bottle

　　My magic water bottle will be a replacement of the traditional one which can change the temperature of the inside water automatically according to the changes of the outer environment.

　　There are certain factors I take into account on my new invention.For one thing，traditional water bottle makes it inconvenient for travelers to have a comfortable drink anytime and anywhere①.For another，drinking too cold or too hot water does nothing but harm to our health②， so my magic water bottle can serve as an assistant or a doctor.

　　The new functions will win my magic water bottle enormous love and popularity.On the one hand，the automatic temperature­controlling system mentioned above can adjust the water temperature.On the other hand，we can set a desirable temperature for the inside water，and what surprises us most is that the water can remain at that temperature for about 20 hours ③.

　　思维发散

　　1.仿照第①句用it作形式宾语翻译句子

　　他们过去形成一个规则，每月底在一起聚会一次。

　　They used to make it a rule to meet and have a party at the end of a month.

　　2.仿照第②句用动名词作主语翻译句子

　　早睡早起对于年轻人来说是一个好习惯。Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit for the young.

　　3.按要求改写第③句

　　(1)It surprises us most that the water can remain at that temperature for about 20 hours.(it作形式主语)

　　(2)The water can remain at that temperature for about 20 hours，which surprises us most.(非限定性定语从句)

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A.写作单词

　　1.foresee (vt.)预料，预见，预知

　　2.sceptical (adj.)怀疑的

　　3.all­round (adj.)功能齐全的；全面的

　　4.idiom (n.)习语，成语，惯用语

　　5.circumstance (n.)条件，环境，状况

　　6.merely (adv.)仅仅，只不过

　　7.shallow (adj.)肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的

　　8.sacrifice (vt.)牺牲，献出；(n.)牺牲；舍弃；祭品

　　9.stable (adj.)稳定的；稳重的

　　10.delay (vt.& vi.)(使)推迟，延迟；(n.)延误，延迟

　　11.construct (vt.)制造；修筑，建造

　　construction (n.)建筑；建设

　　constructor (n.)建筑者，建造者

　　12.accessible (adj.)可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的

　　access (vt.)进入；使用；(n.)(接近或进入某地的)方法；通路；(使用某物或接近某人的)机会或权利

　　13.eventually (adv.)最后，终于

　　eventual (adj.)最后的，最终的

　　14.adaptation (n.)适应；改编本，改写本

　　adapt (vi.& vt.)(使)适应；改编

　　15.casual (adj.)非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的

　　casually (adv.)随便地；不经意地

　　16.obvious (adj.)显然的，显而易见的

　　obviously (adv.)显然，明显地

　　17.translation (n.)翻译；转化

　　translate (vt.& vi.)翻译；使转变，变为

　　18.suitable (adj.)合适的，适当的

　　suit (v.)适合于；合(某人的)心意

　　19.reject (vt.)拒绝，拒收；不予考虑，不予录用

　　rejection (n.)拒绝，抵制

　　20.tight (adj.)亲密的，紧密的；紧的；紧身的；严密的

　　tightly (adv.)紧紧地

　　21.oppose (vt.)反对，抵制，阻挠；与……竞争

　　opposed (adj.)反对的；对立的

　　22.valid (adj.)符合逻辑的，合理的，有根据的；(法律上)有效的

　　invalid(反)不承认的；无效的

　　23.typical (adj.)平常的；典型的，有代表性的；特有的

　　typically

　　(adv.)通常，一般；典型地，具有代表性地

　　B.阅读单词

　　24.drawback (n.)缺点，缺陷；不利条件

　　25.evolution (n.)演变，发展；进化

　　26.device (n.)装置，设备

　　27.principle (n.)原理，法则；道德原则，行为准则

　　28.percentage (n.)百分率，百分比

　　29.component (n.)组成部分，成分，部件

　　30.wind (vt.& vi.)上发条；缠绕；蜿蜒，曲折

　　31.portable (adj.)便携式的，轻便的

　　32.digital (adj.)数学信息系统的，数码的，数字式的

　　33.storage (n.)存储，储藏(空间)

　　34.relay (vt.)播放，转播；接转，转发；(n.)接力赛；中继设备

　　35.vote (vi.& vt.)投票，选举，表决；(n.)选票；选举，表决

　　36.ample (adj.)足够的，充足的，丰裕的

　　37.insurance (n.)保险；保障措施

　　38.electronic (adj.)电子的

　　39.scan (vt.& vi.)浏览，粗略地读；审视，端详；扫描

　　40.elegant (adj.)(物品)雅致的，精美的；(人或其举止)优雅的

　　41.dial (vt.& vi.)拨(电话号码)，打电话

　　42.refrigerator (n.)冰箱

　　43.dustbin (n.)垃圾桶，垃圾箱

　　44.distribute (vt.)使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销

　　distribution (n.)分布；分发，分配

　　45.religious (adj.)宗教的，宗教信仰的；笃信宗教的，虔诚的

　　religion (n.)宗教

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1.keep in touch with与……保持联系

　　2.benefit from得益于……；从……中受益

　　3.wind up上发条

　　4.answer for对……负责

　　5.above all最重要的是

　　6.pay attention to注意

　　7.in other words换句话说

　　8.face to face面对面地

　　9.in general通常，一般情况下

　　10.for good measure额外

　　11.rid...of...使……免除……，使……摆脱……

　　12.vote on就……投票

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1.It took more than two decades，though，until 1951，for regular colour TV broadcasts to begin in the USA.

　　彩色电视节目直到1951年才得以在美国开播，其间经历了二十多年的时间。

　　2.But it’s up to you to choose good programmes.

　　但由你来选择好节目。

　　3.For example，no matter what the circumstances，when the phone rings，everything stops so that the call can be answered.

　　例如，无论在什么情况下，当电话铃声响起时，为了能接电话，一切都要停下来。

　　4.If the call was really about ‘nothing’， then why was it so important as to interrupt your conversation and waste your precious time?

　　如果电话真的“没什么”，那么为什么它如此重要以至于打断你们的谈话并浪费你们宝贵的时间呢？

　　5.While these messages always seem important at the time，most people cannot really remember them the next day.尽管这些短信在当时总是看似重要，但第二天大多数人并不能真的记得它们。

　　1

　　[应试指导]　后跟动名词的考查

　　1without delay立即；毫不耽搁

　　“立刻”的其他表达：at once；immediately；in no time；without hesitation

　　2delay doing sth.推迟做某事

　　推迟做某事的其他表达方式：put off；postpone

　　(1)It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.

　　Michael通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担心，想得真周到。(2015·福建)

　　(2)Who is responsible for the delay in reaching an agreement?

　　协议不能按时达成由谁来负责？

　　(3)Don’t delay claiming or you may lose benefit.

　　索赔从速，逾期利益可能受损。

　　多维训练

　　(1)He delayed

　　her the news，waiting for the right moment.

　　A.to tell

　　B.telling

　　C.to have told

　　D.having told

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：他没有把这个消息马上告诉她，而是等有了适当的机会再说。这里delay后接动名词作宾语。tell发生在谓语动词之后，因此排除选项D。

　　(2)The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any

　　when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,2009.

　　A.delay

　　B.effort

　　C.schedule

　　D.consideration

　　答案　A

　　解析　without delay毫不耽搁地，立即，立刻；effort努力；schedule时间表；consideration考虑，体谅，关心。句意为：当H1N1病毒2009年4月袭击墨西哥时，世界卫生组织立刻向人们发出了警告。由句意知选A。

　　2

　　[应试指导]　(1)词义辨析题　(2)任务型阅读词汇

　　(3)写作高级词汇

　　(1)be accessible to sb.可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的

　　make sth.accessible to sb.使某物易被某人得到/利用

　　(2)access vt.进入；使用；n.通道；(使用的)机会，权利

　　have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入

　　(1)The deserted island is only accessible by boat.

　　这个荒岛只能乘船到达。

　　(2)We should make fresh water accessible to all the villagers.

　　我们应该使村民能够喝到清洁的饮用水。

　　(3)People are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.

　　人们正在学习如何组织大量的信息以便今后能使用它。(2015·安徽)

　　多维训练

　　(1)同义句改写

　　Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s reach.

　　Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.

　　(2)Train tickets are allowed to be booked online or by phone，a good way to make purchasing train tickets more

　　.

　　A.systematic

　　B.effective

　　C.accessible

　　D.practical

　　答案　C

　　解析　systematic有条不紊的；effective有效的，实际的；accessible易接近的，可理解的；practical实践的，可实现的。句意为：开放网络和电话出售火车票，是一个更加便捷的购票方式。购买火车票，售票厅排队购买是可行的方式，也是有条不紊的，然而开通网络和电话售票渠道是与时俱进，更加便捷和人性化的方式，所以用accessible来修饰最为贴切。故选C。

　　3

　　[应试指导]　一词多义

　　1distribute sth.to sb.把某物分配发给某人

　　distribute sth.among sb.在某人中分配某物

　　be widely distributed 广泛分布；受欢迎，流行

　　2distribution n.分布；分发，分配

　　distribution of sth.……的分发、分配

　　(1)Thousands of soldiers are working to distribute food and blankets to the refugees.

　　数以千计的士兵正在给难民们分发食物和毯子。

　　(2)In the move most of the furniture was left to the neighbors or distributed among friends.

　　大部分家具在搬家的时候都留给了邻居或送了朋友。

　　(3)What is the overall age distribution of employees?

　　员工的总体年龄分布是怎样的？

　　多维训练

　　(1)Due to the unreasonable individual income

　　，the gap between the rich and the poor has become an outstanding issue.

　　A.accommodation

　　B.association

　　C.distribution

　　D.contribution

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：由于不合理的个人收入分配，贫富差距已经成为一个突出的问题。accommodation住处，适应，和解；association协会，关联，联想；distribution分配，分布；contribution贡献，捐赠，投稿。故选C。

　　(2)Expanding populations and steadily improving communications brought more trade and contact，but also more

　　between social groups.

　　A.cooperation

　　B.friction

　　C.liberation

　　D.distribution

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查名词词义辨析。句意为：人口的增长和稳步改善的交流带来了更多的贸易和联系，但是也带来了两个社团之间更多的摩擦。cooperation合作；friction摩擦，不和；liberation解放；distribution分散，分布。根据题干中的but判断，应填trade和contact的对立词。故选B。

　　4

　　[应试指导]　(1)任务型阅读词汇　(2)写作高级词汇

　　表示反对的表达：

　　oppose (doing) sth.

　　object to

　　be opposed to

　　be against

　　(1)The government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people were opposed to it.

　　政府推迟了这个新的提案，因为很多人反对它。

　　(2)My parents strongly object to my going to college out of our province，because they don’t like my being far away from them.

　　我的父母反对我到省外读大学，因为他们不想让我离他们太远。

　　多维训练

　　(1)一句多译

　　大多数当地人都反对修建机场。

　　①Most of the local people opposed building a new airport.

　　②Most of the local people objected to building a new airport.

　　③Most of the local people are opposed to building a new airport.

　　④Most of the local people are against building a new airport.

　　(2)I have no idea why so many classmates

　　my new plan at the discussion.

　　A.disagree

　　B.against

　　C.oppose

　　D.object

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：我不知道为什么这么多的同学在讨论时反对我的新计划。 disagree为不及物动词；against是介词，不能作谓语；object后需要加to。故选C项。

　　5

　　[应试指导]　under no circumstances置于句首时句子倒装的考查

　　circumstance用作“境况，经济状况”时，常用复数形式

　　under the circumstances在这种情况下；既然这样

　　under no circumstances＝in no case＝by no means无论如何都不，决不位于句首时，句子要倒装

　　(1)Whatever our circumstances，we generally still have dreams，hopes and desires.

　　无论在什么情况下，我们通常仍然会拥有梦想、希望和欲望。(2015·福建)

　　(2)Under no circumstances shall I change my attitude towards work.

　　我绝不会改变对工作的态度。

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　你绝不应该工作未完成就离开。

　　①Under no circumstances should you leave with the work unfinished.

　　②在这种情况下没有人能帮助他。

　　Nobody can help him under the circumstances.

　　(2)I don’t like any humor in serious speeches because I can’t think of any

　　where this would be beneficial or useful.

　　A.convenience

　　B.consequence

　　C.circumstance

　　D.coincidence

　　答案　C

　　解析　convenience方便；consequence结果；circumstance条件，环境，情形，情况，状况；coincidence巧合的事。句意为：我不喜欢在严肃讲座中讲述的任何幽默笑话，因为我想不到在什么情况下这样做是有益或有用的。

　　6

　　[应试指导]　 It is typical of sb.to do...句型

　　be typical of为某人/某物所特有的

　　It’s typical/characteristic of sb.to do sth.做某事是某人的特点。

　　It is like sb.to do sth.某人就是这样一个……的人

　　(1)His typical way of speaking didn’t change at all.

　　他独特的讲话方式丝毫没有改变。

　　(2)His opinions are fairly typical of people of his generation.

　　他的观点在他这一代人中相当有代表性。

　　(3)It was typical of him to be so merciless.

　　他一向冷酷无情。

　　多维训练

　　(1)同义句改写

　　It is like him to keep others waiting.

　　It is typical of him to keep others waiting.

　　(2)The paper studies some

　　cases in which something somehow wrong leads to the miscommunication，so that English teachers may improve their teaching.

　　A.distant

　　B.typical

　　C.exotic

　　D.misleading

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：文章分析了一些典型案例，在这些案例中莫名其妙的错误导致了沟通困难，所以教师要改进他们的教学。typical典型的，有代表性的，符合句意。distant遥远的；exotic异国的，非本地的；misleading欺骗的，误导的。

　　7

　　[应试指导]　(1)任务型阅读词汇　(2)写作高频词汇

　　rid...of...使……摆脱/除去……

　　rid oneself of摆脱；从……中解脱

　　get/be rid of去掉；除去；摆脱

　　(1)The proposals are an attempt to rid the country of political corruption.

　　这些提议试图使这个国家摆脱政治腐败。

　　(2)Maybe we should rid ourselves of modern technology and return to simpler times.

　　也许我们应该使我们自己从现代科技中解脱，回到更为简单的时代。

　　多维训练

　　(1)Troubled by a terrible headache，Catherine wondered how she could

　　herself of the bad situation.

　　A.throw

　　B.remove

　　C.move

　　D.rid

　　答案　D

　　解析　throw扔，投；remove搬开，挪开；move移动，搬动；rid去掉，除掉。rid sb.of sth.给某人摆脱某物。句意为：受到严重的头痛病的困扰，凯瑟琳不知道她怎样才能摆脱这一恶劣的状况。

　　(2)Why do we have to

　　Sue’s selfish behavior? We should teach her to care for others.

　　A.get rid of

　　B.put up with

　　C.make up for

　　D.split up

　　答案　B

　　解析　get rid of摆脱；put up with容忍；make up for弥补；split up分离。句意为：我们为什么得容忍苏的自私行为？我们应该教她关心别人。故选B项。

　　8

　　[应试指导]　写作高频词汇

　　be/stay in touch with和……有联系；与……保持联系

　　get in touch with与……取得联系

　　lose touch with与……失去联系

　　be out of touch with与……没有联系

　　(1)With mobile phones，we can keep in touch with others wherever we are.

　　有了手机，无论我们在哪里都可以联系其他人。

　　(2)If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college­age children frequently，would this have been possible?

　　如果早一辈的人们想和他们大学年龄段的子女经常保持联系的话，这会成为可能吗？(2015·北京)

　　多维训练

　　(1)It is important to keep in touch with(了解) the latest research.

　　(2)Are you still in touch with(与……有联系) your friends from college?

　　(3)If we can help you further，please don’t hesitate to get in touch with us(和我们取得联系).

　　(4)To be frank with you，I’ve been out of touch with(和……没有联系) most of my old friends.

　　(5)Do write to me as often as you can.I don’t want to lose touch with you(和你失去联系).

　　9

　　[应试指导]　短语动词用法

　　1take measures/steps/action to do...采取措施做……

　　make...to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做……

　　in some measure在某种程度上

　　take one’s measure给某人量尺寸

　　2measure...by...用……来衡量……

　　(1)Use 50g of rice per person and an extra spoonful for good measure.

　　每人50克大米，再额外加一勺。

　　(2)Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it?

　　我们是敷衍了事呢还是采取实际措施保护它呢？(2017·江苏)

　　(3)Education shouldn’t be measured only by examination results.

　　教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①Please take my measure(量我的尺寸) and make a suit to my measure(按我的尺寸).

　　②His success was in some measure(在某种程度上) due to his being in the right place at the right time.

　　(2)I like that bookstore because whenever I buy a book there，they will offer me a book cover

　　.

　　A.for good measure

　　B.at any cost

　　C.beyond my reach

　　D.on their own

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意为：我喜欢那家书店，因为无论何时我在那里买书时，他们都会额外送给我一个书皮。for good measure作为额外增添；at any cost无论如何，在任何情况下；beyond one’s reach某人够不到；on one’s own独自，单独。故选A。

　　10

　　多维训练

　　(1)写出下列句中划线部分的汉语意思

　　①I wind this clock every evening.给这个闹钟上发条

　　②The nurse wound bandages around the injured arms.用绷带包扎伤员的手臂

　　③The river winds through the village.蜿蜒流经村庄

　　(2)The wind was too strong，so he

　　the car windows.

　　A.wound up

　　B.winded up

　　C.wound on

　　D.winded on

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：风太大，所以他把车窗关上了。wind作动词，其过去式和过去分词均为wound。wind up the car windows意为“关上车窗”。

　　11

　　多维训练

　　(1)写出下列句中casual的汉语意思

　　①He earned a living by casual labor.临时的

　　②She was casual about winning the prize.冷淡的；漫不经心的

　　③Such casual dress would not be correct for a formal occasion.随便的

　　④The disease cannot be spread by casual contact.偶然的

　　(2)John was dismissed last week because of his

　　attitude towards his job.

　　A.informal

　　B.casual

　　C.determined

　　D.earnest

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：约翰上周被解雇是因为他对工作漫不经心的态度。casual偶然的，临时的，漫不经心的，符合题意。informal非正式的；determined坚定的；earnest认真的。

　　12

　　多维训练

　　(1)用reject的适当形式填空

　　①If people are unkind to him he feels rejected.

　　②The rejection of the peace plan raises the threat of a more general war.

　　(2)—He is feeling even worse.

　　—That is because he

　　following the doctor’s advice then.

　　A.rejected

　　B.refused

　　C.objected

　　D.led

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：——他感觉更糟了。——那是因为他拒绝接受医生的建议。refuse后通常跟动词不定式；object to doing反对做；lead to导致；reject doing拒绝做，故选A。

　　(3)By applying the theory to the problem，we can brush away the details and

　　simple patterns.

　　A.release

　　B.reject

　　C.reveal

　　D.replace

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：通过将这个理论应用于这个问题，我们可以刷掉细节以揭示简单的模式。release释放；reject拒绝；reveal展示，揭示；replace代替。根据题意选C。

　　13

　　多维训练

　　(1)Because time is limited，they had to

　　the quality of the product for quantity，which made their product terrible.

　　A.reward

　　B.devote

　　C.demand

　　D.sacrifice

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：因为时间有限，他们不得不为了产品的数量而牺牲了产品的质量，从而导致了他们的产品很糟糕。reward奖励；devote奉献；demand要求；sacrifice牺牲。根据语意选择D。

　　(2)While intelligent people can often

　　the complex，a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.(2017·湖北，23)

　　A.sacrifice

　　B.substitute

　　C.simplify

　　D.survive

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：聪明的人总是会把复杂的问题简单化，而愚蠢的人更有可能把简单的问题复杂化。A项意为“牺牲；把……奉献给”；B项意为“代替，替换”；C项意为“简化，使简易”；D项意为“幸存，比……活得长”。故选C项。

　　14

　　It took more than two decades，though，until 1951，for regular colour TV broadcasts to begin in the USA.彩色电视节目直到1951年才得以在美国开播，其间经历了二十多年的时间。

　　It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.花费某人多少时间做某事

　　表达“花费”的其他句型：

　　1sb.＋spend...on sth./in doing sth.

　　2sth.＋cost sb....

　　3sb.＋pay...for sth.

　　4sb.＋buy...for＋钱

　　(1)It took me years to get back on my feet.

　　我花了好几年才重新找回自己。

　　(2)I spent some time in working over these books.

　　我花了一些时间研究这些书。

　　多维训练

　　选词填空　

　　(1)It takes the boy most of his free time to learn drawing.

　　(2)I spent 120 on the books.

　　(3)She pays200 a week for this apartment.

　　(4)Good words cost nothing，but are worth much.

　　(5)He bought the bag for ten dollars.

　　15

　　It is up to sb.to do sth.由某人决定或负责做某事，做某事是某人的职责

　　up to多达……

　　be up todoing sth.正在做……；从事于……；胜任做……

　　up to now 到目前为止

　　(1)—What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game.

　　—It’s up to you.Whatever you want to do is fine with me.

　　——你接下来想做什么？到篮球比赛开始，我们还有半个小时的时间。

　　——这由你决定，你想做什么事对我来说都可以。

　　(2)John was dismissed because he wasn’t up to his work.

　　约翰被解雇了，因为他不能胜任他的工作。

　　多维训练

　　(1)—What shall we do tonight then?

　　—

　　—whatever you want.

　　A.Help yourself

　　B.It’s a deal

　　C.No problem

　　D.It’s up to you

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：——那么，我们今晚做什么呢？——你说了算——你想做什么都行。Help yourself随便吃，请自便；It’s a deal就这么定了；No problem没问题；It’s up to you这取决于你，你说了算，符合语境。

　　(2)—Shall we go for a drink at one o’clock this afternoon?

　　—

　　.Will two o’clock be OK？(2017·陕西，23)

　　A.Sure，it’s up to you

　　B.Sure，no problem

　　C.Sorry，I can’t make it

　　D.Sorry，I’m not available today

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：——我们今天下午一点去喝杯怎么样？——抱歉，我办不到。两点好吗？A项“当然，由你决定”；B项“当然，没问题”；C项“抱歉，我办不到”；D项“抱歉，我今天没时间”。

　　微写作

　　写作素材(关于同学介绍)

　　1.我和李华保持联系三年了。

　　2.很显然我们是好朋友。

　　3.他是一个举止优雅的人，一向关心别人。

　　4.他经常牺牲他的业余时间去帮助那些处于困境中的人们。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。

　　连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)

　　I have kept in touch with Li Hua for 3 years and it’s obvious that we are good friends.He is an elegant man and it is typical of him to care about others.He often sacrifices his spare time to help those who are in trouble.

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1.The accident

　　him his life.It

　　3 years for his wife to

　　off the debts he left.

　　A.took；spent；pay

　　B.cost；spent；take

　　C.cost；took；pay

　　D.spent；cost；take

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：事故使他失去了生命，他的妻子花费了3年的时间才还清他留下的债务。sth.costs sb....；it takes sb.some time to do...为固定句型；pay off付清，为固定短语。故选C项。

　　2.—What about listening to the English program on the radio while learning English?

　　—Personally，

　　.

　　A.it’s up to you

　　B.it makes sense

　　C.it’s a shame

　　D.it’s out of the question

　　答案　A

　　解析　答语句意为：就我个人看，这由你自己决定。故选A项。

　　3.—Are you still mad at her?

　　—Not really，but I can’t

　　that her remarks hurt me.

　　A.deny

　　B.refuse

　　C.reject

　　D.decline

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：——你仍然生她的气吗？——不了，不过我不能否认她的话伤害了我。deny否认，否定；refuse拒绝；reject拒绝接受，不予考虑；decline减少，下降，衰退，谢绝。故选A项。

　　4.The city will

　　licenses each year in order to set a limit on the number of cars and improve the environment.

　　A.witness

　　B.evaluate

　　C.distribute

　　D.declare

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意为：该市每年将发放不多于1万张的新汽车牌照，借以限制汽车数量和改善环境。根据句意可知，应用distribute“分发，分配”。witness目击，见证；evaluate评估，评价；declare宣布。

　　5.—Why were you late for such an important concert?

　　—The plane arrived at the airport after a

　　of three hours.

　　A.delay

　　B.rest

　　C.tour

　　D.request

　　答案　A

　　解析　上句询问迟到的原因，因此下句中的名词应与“迟到”意义有关，所以只能选择“延误”，即A项为正确答案。

　　6.They advocate the proposal we were opposed

　　rediscussed at the next meeting.

　　A.to be

　　B.should be

　　C.to was

　　D.was

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查固定短语和虚拟语气。句意为：他们主张我们反对的那个提议应该在下次会议上重新讨论。be opposed to sth.为固定短语，由此可知此处首先需要补充完整，故排除B、D两项；再分析句子成分可知，advocate后的从句为宾语从句，需要用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”，故A项正确。

　　7.She glanced

　　through the magazine as she was waiting for the bus.

　　A.casual

　　B.casually

　　C.serious

　　D.seriously

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：她一边等公共汽车，一边漫不经心地翻着杂志。casually副词，漫不经心地。

　　8.Under no circumstances

　　late for your party.

　　A.shall I be

　　B.I shall be

　　C.I am

　　D.am I

　　答案　A

　　解析　under no circumstances放在句首时，句子要用倒装语序，且根据句意应用将来时态，故答案为A项。

　　9.The French Revolution was successful in

　　society of inequality，which had a great effect on many other countries，particularly those in Europe.

　　A.informing

　　B.reminding

　　C.ridding

　　D.robbing

　　答案　C

　　解析　rid society of inequality消除社会上的不平等现象，符合题意。

　　10.Jack came from a poor family，so his parents had to

　　a lot to pay for his schooling.

　　A.accuse

　　B.qualify

　　C.purchase

　　D.sacrifice

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：杰克来自一个贫困家庭，因此他的父母为他上学牺牲了很多。sacrifice牺牲，献出，符合题意。accuse指责，控告；qualify使具有资格，使合格；purchase购买。

　　11.The classroom

　　30 feet long and 20 feet wide.

　　A.measures

　　B.is measured

　　C.has

　　D.has length

　　答案　A

　　解析　measure vi.(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为……，故选A项。

　　12.Some people believe

　　has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.(2017·北京，33)

　　A.whatever

　　B.whenever

　　C.wherever

　　D.however

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查宾语从句。believe后是宾语从句且从句中缺少主语，四个选项中只有whatever可以作主语。

　　13.If we can’t agree，we’ll have to vote

　　it.

　　A.for

　　B.against

　　C.on

　　D.about

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：如果意见不能统一的话，我们就得投票表决。vote for投票支持；vote against投票反对；vote on为……投票表决，就……投票；vote不与about搭配。

　　14.It’s difficult to climb up the mountain.We had to take the only path

　　up the hillside.

　　A.bending

　　B.rising

　　C.winding

　　D.wounding

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：要爬上山很难。我们不得不走唯一的沿着山坡蜿蜒而上的小路。winding up the hillside为现在分词短语作后置定语。the only path winding up the hillside意为“唯一的沿着山坡蜿蜒而上的小路”。

　　15.—Mum，my coach says I’m doing well in the training.

　　—

　　？You still have a long way to go.

　　A.Why not

　　B.So what

　　C.How so D.Where to

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：——妈妈，我的教练说我在训练中表现很好。——那又怎么样？你还有很长的路要走。Why not？为什么不呢？用于同意对方的提议。How so？怎么会这样？表示惊讶。Where to？去哪里？So what？那又怎么样？说明妈妈对儿子的表现还不是非常满意，与You still have a long way to go.相呼应，故选B项。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　When I was a little girl，I spent memorable school holidays with my grandmother，Mama Kali.My Mama Kali was a

　　16

　　.Early in the morning，she set out to the farm.I would skip

　　17

　　alongside trying to keep up.On our way，along the dusty footpaths that wound through the village，Mama Kali would

　　18

　　everyone we passed.

　　These were the

　　19

　　greetings.“Did you wake up on the right foot this morning？Did you sleep well？”Then，the more personalized greetings.“Are the grandchildren in good health？And what about their parents？”If she passed the

　　20

　　person upon our return later，she would greet him/her again.

　　The people that Mama Kali greeted would

　　21

　　similarly.“I see you have your granddaughter with you today.How is her father？” As a

　　22

　　girl，I found these greeting habits humorously poetic and

　　23

　　time­consuming.What I now realize is that the greetings strengthened the

　　24

　　that bound the people in my grandmother’s village.They reinforced(加强) a sense of

　　25

　　.

　　I believe in the gift of a

　　26

　　greeting.I believe it is more than mere good

　　27

　　.It is like pressing the

　　28

　　button among the white noise of our daily lives，as we

　　29

　　from home to work，from one meeting to another，to

　　30

　　and drop off the children.It is stopping to

　　31

　　the person in front of you as if to

　　32

　　say，“I see you.”

　　My Mama Kali

　　33

　　me that there is always time to greet someone before getting down to

　　34

　　.I believe you can always take a few extra seconds to tailor a greeting to a person.I believe we enrich our society when we acknowledge the unique

　　35

　　of one another.

　　16.A.farmer

　　B.cook

　　C.teacher

　　D.doctor

　　答案　A

　　解析　根据下文中的“she set out to the farm”可知，祖母是一位农民，因此选择farmer。

　　17.A.aimlessly

　　B.randomly

　　C.carelessly

　　D.breathlessly

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据句中的“trying to keep up”可知，作者跟不上祖母的步伐，因此选择breathlessly“气喘吁吁地”。aimlessly漫无目的地；randomly随意地；carelessly漫不经心地。

　　18.A.respect

　　B.consult

　　C.greet

　　D.appreciate

　　答案　C

　　解析　根据下文中的“greetings”“greet him/her again”等可知，此处指祖母总是问候她见到的人。因此选择greet。

　　19.A.popular

　　B.standard

　　C.friendly

　　D.polite

　　答案　B

　　解析　根据后面列举的问候语可知，此处指这些都是普通的问候语。standard普通的，符合句意。后文中的“Then，the more personalized...”也是提示。

　　20.A.same

　　B.lucky

　　C.considerate

　　D.gentle

　　答案　A

　　解析　根据本句中的“again”可知选择same，表示遇到同一个人。

　　21.A.complain

　　B.respond

　　C.announce

　　D.explain

　　答案　B

　　解析　根据空后的“similarly”及下文的内容可知，此处指的应是人们也会用相似的方式作出回应，因此选择respond。

　　22.A.patient

　　B.mature

　　C.young

　　D.unique

　　答案　C

　　解析　根据文章首句中的“When I was a little girl”可知，应选择young。

　　23.A.unexpectedly

　　B.unintentionally

　　C.unconsciously

　　D.unnecessarily

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据下文中的“What I now realize is that the greetings strengthened...”可知，此处指的应是小时候作者认为这些问候都是在没有必要地(unnecessarily)浪费时间。因此选择D。

　　24.A.protection

　　B.management

　　C.ties

　　D.boundaries

　　答案　C

　　解析　根据句中的“bound the people”可知应选择ties，意思是“联系”。

　　25.A.belonging

　　B.direction

　　C.humor

　　D.achievement

　　答案　A

　　解析　根据全文内容可知，此处指这样的问候使得人们有一种归属感，因此选择belonging。

　　26.A.professional

　　B.deliberate

　　C.voluntary

　　D.compulsory

　　答案　B

　　解析　根据上文可知祖母的问候不是随意而为，而是有意而为的，因此选择deliberate“故意的，有意的”。

　　27.A.suggestions

　　B.measures

　　C.decisions

　　D.manners

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据语境可知，此处指作者相信那种问候不仅仅是出于礼貌。manners礼貌，礼仪。

　　28.A.play

　　B.cancel

　　C.start

　　D.pause

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据下文的“stopping”可知，应选择pause“暂停”。指它(问候)就像是在我们日常生活中的白噪音中按暂停键一样。

　　29.A.benefit

　　B.rush

　　C.change

　　D.return

　　答案　B

　　解析　根据语境可知，此处指在我们从家里匆忙赶往工作场所的时候。rush冲，匆忙。

　　30.A.pick up

　　B.bring up

　　C.take up

　　D.pull up

　　答案　A

　　解析　根据语境可知，此处指的应是去接送孩子。空处应填与“drop off”意思相反的词，故pick up“开车接某人”符合句意。

　　31.A.shape

　　B.recognize

　　C.admire

　　D.memorize

　　答案　B

　　解析　这是停下来去辨认出(recognize)你面前的人，好像简单地说一句“我看到你了”。

　　32.A.firmly

　　B.honestly

　　C.purposely

　　D.simply

　　答案　D

　　解析　参见上题解析。simply简单地，仅仅，符合句意。

　　33.A.offered

　　B.brought

　　C.taught

　　D.awarded

　　答案　C

　　解析　祖母教育(taught)作者，在干正事之前总会有时间去问候别人的。

　　34.A.business

　　B.travel

　　C.research

　　D.study

　　答案　A

　　解析　参见上题解析。business事务，符合句意。

　　35.A.feature

　　B.meaning

　　C.status

　　D.presence

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据上下文语境可知，此处指当我们承认彼此的独特的存在时，作者相信我们能使我们的社会变得充实、丰富。presence存在。

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　(2015·广东，C)

　　Daniel Anderson，a famous psychologist，believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family.We tend to blame TV，he says，for problems it doesn’t really cause，overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.

　　One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world.While watching TV，children do not merely absorb words and images (影像).Instead，they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.Actually，children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows.Furthermore，as many teachers agree，children understand far more when parents watch TV with them，explaining new words and ideas.Yet，most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room.

　　Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment.But according to Anderson，the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability.TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children；it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation，such as listening to the radio and playing sports.Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading.“A child’s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads，” Anderson says.

　　Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television­watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance.But here，too，Anderson notes that no studies have proved it.In fact，research suggests that it’s the other way around.“If you’re smart young，you’ll watch less TV when you’re older，” Anderson says.Yet，people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.

　　For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children.However，by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed，Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.

　　36.By watching TV，children learn

　　.

　　A.images through words

　　B.more than explicit meanings

　　C.more about images than words

　　D.little about people’s psychology

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Instead，they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.”可知孩子们不仅学到了明确的意义，还了解了隐含的意思，故选B。

　　37.An educational program is best watched by a child

　　.

　　A.on his own

　　B.with other kids

　　C.with his parents

　　D.with his teachers

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。 根据第二段倒数第二句“Furthermore，as many teachers agree，children understand far more when parents watch TV with them...”可知孩子们有父母陪着看电视理解的更多，故推断出教育类节目最好是父母陪着孩子看，故选C。

　　38.Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability?

　　A.Radio­listening.

　　B.Television­watching.

　　C.Parents’ reading list.

　　D.Parents’ educational background.

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading.”可知，父母的教育背景对孩子的阅读有更深的影响。故选D。

　　39.Anderson believes that

　　.

　　A.the more a child watches TV，the smarter he is

　　B.the younger a child is，the more he watches TV

　　C.the smarter a child is，the less likely he gets addicted to TV

　　D.the less a child watches TV，the better he performs at school

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句中的“If you’re smart young，you’ll watch less TV when you’re older...”可知如果你小时候越聪明，长大后看电视看得就越少，也就是说越不容易对电视上瘾。故选C。

　　40.What is the main purpose of the passage?

　　A.To advise on the educational use of TV.

　　B.To describe TV’s harmful effects on children.

　　C.To explain traditional views on TV influences.

　　D.To present Anderson’s unconventional ideas.

　　答案　D

　　解析　写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句可知Anderson认为不应该按照常规，不考虑电视的其他影响而去谴责电视，故推断这篇文章的目的是陈述Anderson打破常规的想法，故选D。