2017年高考冲刺总复习：第5模块-书面表达专题课件

　　专题三 说明文型书面表达

　　专题三　说明文型书面表达 专题三 │ 专题导读 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式， 要求用简洁明快的语言来解说事物、阐明事理， 从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。近几年高考说明文多数以图表、表格或文字的形式给出提示， 并往往融合在应用文体中进行考查， 一般分为：场所路线介绍；事物介绍；方式、方法或计划、安排介绍三大类。在写作时要求语言简明扼要， 通俗易懂， 说明过程讲究层次性和条理性。写作时要注意：

　　专题导读 专题三 │ 专题导读

　　1. 要注意写作顺序。要特别讲究文章的层次和条理， 能反映客观事物本身逻辑顺序。对于不同的说明对象， 在组织结构上可按时间、空间、结构、工艺程序、计划安排等顺序来写。 2. 注意说明方法。可采用举例、比较、对比分析、叙述等方式来描述， 可采取先举例后总结或者先总结后举例的结构模式。不需要发表主张， 抒发个人情感。 3. 这种文体通常用第三人称， 时态以一般现在时为主。 专题三 │ 真题典例

　　[2011·江苏卷]

　　下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。

　　真题典例 专题三 │ 真题典例 你的短文应包含以下内容：

　　描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等； 2. 结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想； 3. 举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。 注意： 1. 可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。 2. 词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。 3. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。 专题三 │ 真题典例 The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 专题三 │ 真题典例

　　【解析】

　　One possible version：

　　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.

　　The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels. 专题三 │ 真题典例

　　All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels，and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother's daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student. 专题三 │ 新题预测

　　(一)

　　假定你是李华， 准备参加学校举办的主题为“How to protect ourselves in the school？”的英语征文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文， 主要内容包括：在学校发生地震或火灾时， 我们应该如何保护自己？

　　新题预测 专题三 │ 新题预测

　　措施

　　发生地震 发生火灾 在课堂：①听从老师指令；②有秩序 地采取有效的防护措施(如躲在课桌底下、用书包护住头部)在操场：①呆在原地；②蹲下并且双手护头……团结一致， 克服困难。保持冷静；

　　报警并告知具体出事地点； 找到安全出口迅速逃生， 千万不要乘电梯； 找不到出口： ①要呆在室内； ②不要开门； ③用湿毛巾捂口； …… 专题三 │ 新题预测 要求： 1．只选其中一种突发灾害阐述自己的观点； 2．至少写出三点措施； 3．可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。 注意：1. 词数120左右； 2. 开头已经为你写好， 不计入总词数。 Life is not easy. As a student, we should learn how to protect ourselves in the school. When —————————————————————————————————— 专题三 │ 新题预测 【解析】

　　(一) 范文1：

　　Life is not easy. As a student, we should learn how to protect ourselves in the school. When an earthquake happens, first we should calm down, which is the most important. Shouting and crying is of no use. Follow the teachers' guidance and keep our actions in order. Second, hide beneath our desks with the schoolbags on our heads if 专题三 │ 新题预测

　　we are in class. That can keep us a little safer. Be sure not to jump off the building.

　　Third, if we are on the playground, don't move. Sit on our feet and use hands to cover our heads so that they can be kept from being hit on. At last, help each other. Faced with natural disaster, individual power is tiny. Only by uniting can we overcome the difficulties. These are my suggestions. Keep them in mind and maybe some day we can survive in case of an earthquake! 专题三 │ 新题预测 范文2：

　　Life is not easy. As a student, we should learn how to protect ourselves in the school. When a fire breaks out, don't forget to call 119 for help and tell the police the detailed address so that the fire­fighters can get there in time. Then we should try to find a safe exit to escape. Never take a lift because the electricity may be cut off if there is a fire; otherwise we will be trapped in the lift. Next, if we can not find the way out, just stay in a room. Don't open any hot door 专题三 │ 新题预测

　　but stay close to the floor! As we all know, smoke can be more dangerous than fire. In many cases, the air near the floor is fresher. If possible, try to cover our mouths with wet towels to prevent taking too much heavy smoke and wait for rescue. These are my suggestions. Keep them in mind and maybe some day we can survive in case of a sudden fire!

　　专题三 │ 新题预测

　　(二)

　　假如你是王文， 住在银川。请你介绍你的家乡银川的情况， 其中须包括下表中的内容。 自然情况 位于黄河边， 风景优美，适合居住 成　就 1. 经济发展迅速；

　　2. 新建了不少工厂、住房、道路等。 存在问题 1. 水、空气污染；

　　2. 交通拥挤。 对银川发展的看法 你的看法 专题三 │ 新题预测 注意： 1. 词数100左右， 信的开头已为你写好， 不计入总词数。 2. 参考词汇： economy

　　n．经济

　　I'd like to tell

　　something about my hometown Yinchuan. 　

　　专题三 │ 新题预测 【解析】

　　(二) One possible version：

　　I'd like to tell

　　something about my hometown Yinchuan. The city stands on the bank of the Huanghe River. It is a beautiful place for people to live in. Its economy has been developing rapidly in the past ten years. New factories, houses and roads have been built. More schools and hospitals are available for its people. However, there are still some 专题三 │ 新题预测

　　problems, such as water and air pollution and heavy traffic in rush hours. In my opinion, Yinchuan should develop its economy scientifically. I would also think that the growth of its population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better hometown in future.

　　专题四 应用文型书面表达

　　专题四　应用文型书面表达 专题四 │ 专题导读

　　应用文是高考英语书面表达最常见的一种考查体裁。它接近考生的生活实际， 易于表达， 能充分考查考生的写作水平。其内容常以解说事物为主， 要求把事物的性质、对象、目的、发生的时间和地点等情况表达清楚， 使读者对此事物有一个完整、准确的了解。常见的应用文有书信(包括电子邮件)、通知、日记、便条、启事、演讲稿等， 其中以书信最为常见。书信一般可分为两大类：商业书信和私人书信。

　　专题导读 专题四 │ 专题导读 从内容上看书信的种类很多， 主要包括致歉信、致谢信、笔友信、慰问信、投诉信、邀请信、介绍信、自荐信、求职信、读者请求的解答信及答复读者的信等。 目前高考应用文的考查一般是提供简单的格式， 不需要考生在格式上多动脑筋， 因此考生只需把主要精力投入到行文中即可。在应用文的写作中应注意： 专题四 │ 专题导读 1. 力求语言使用平实、简洁、准确， 突出实用性， 句子不宜过长， 这样读者(或听众)就可以快速捕捉到文章表达的基本信息， 如：时间、地点、参加人、理由或者是活动内容等。 2．根据不同的文体采用不同的人称和时态， 如日记一般用过去时， 通知用一般现在时和将来时等。 专题四 │ 真题典例

　　[2011·辽宁卷]

　　假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，包括下列要点：

　　1．年龄；

　　2．学习情况及英语水平；

　　3．兴趣和特长；

　　4．性格特点。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　真题典例 专题四 │ 真题典例

　　2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头语和结束语已为你写好。

　　June 8 Dear Sir/Madam，

　　I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— I'm looking forward to your reply.

　　Sincerelyyours，

　　Li Hua 专题四 │ 真题典例 【解析】 One possible version：

　　June 8 Dear Sir/Madam，

　　I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary. I'm really interested in this position and hope I can work for you.

　　I'm 18 years old and will be graduating from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July. I'm an excellent student，among the top 5 in my class of 50 students. I'm 专题四 │ 真题典例 good at English，especially spoken English. I often use the computer and I type very fast. In my spare time，I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much too. Being an active young person，I like sports and outdoor activities. Besides，I'm easy to get along with and I like to make friends.

　　I'm looking forward to your reply.

　　Sincerely yours，

　　Li Hua 专题四 │ 新题预测

　　某英文报近期举办以“感恩与我同行” 为主题的英语征文大赛。请你根据下图及提示的内容写一篇感恩老师的英文短文参赛。

　　新题预测 主要内容： 1. 感谢老师的关心鼓励； 2. 感谢老师的辛勤劳动； 3. 感谢老师的谆谆教诲； 4. …… 注意：1.短文须围绕“感恩与我同行”的主题； 2．短文须包括所有内容要点，并适当发挥； 3．词数：120左右。 专题四 │ 新题预测

　　Thanks to You, My Teacher ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 专题四 │ 新题预测 【解析】 One possible version：

　　Thanks to You, My Teacher

　　I would like to thank you for all the help you have given me. You are very friendly to everyone in our class. You always get on very well with us students.

　　What impresses me most is that you are not only our teacher but also our friend. You are always so patient whenever we ask you questions. We are all moved when you 专题四 │ 新题预测 listen carefully and explain everything so thoroughly. You show us different ways to learn English. We feel so encouraged and become more comfortable in your class. You make your class so lively and interesting that every one of us is always eager to participate and practice. Our English has improved so much.

　　You teach us not only how to learn English well but also how to be good citizens. We owe much to you, my teacher. 专题一 │ 新题预测 Then we were attracted by the stands of various clubs. It was really amazing that they have organized such colorful activities I just can't wait for such a wonderful college life!

　　Inspired by what I saw during the day，I am determined to try my best to get admitted to the university. 专题二 议论文型书面表达 专题二　议论文型书面表达　 专题二 │ 专题导读 议论文是高考英语试卷中最常考查的文体之一。一般选取考生所熟悉的社会上的热点和焦点问题， 通过剖析事物来论述事理、发表意见或提出主张。在具体的写作中要求通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非等方式来确定其观点的正确或错误， 树立或否定某种观点或主张。近几年的高考书面表达中， 议论文的命题形式是以文字提纲、图画和表格的方式来呈现写作材料的。写作方法主要是三段式作文法。

　　专题导读 专题二 │ 专题导读 所谓三段式作文法， 就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式布局谋篇， 即开头、正文、结尾。三段式写作模式思路清晰， 结构分明， 是考生提高自己作文档次的最佳选择。 (1)第一段开门见山直奔主题， 提出要解决的问题或观点， 或者交代清楚时间、地点、人物、做什么。 专题二 │ 专题导读 (2)第二段摆出事实或提出论据， 或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。该部分条理要清楚， 过渡要自然， 也就是评分细则所要求的“有效地使用了语句间的连接成分， 使全文结构紧凑，完全达到预期的写作目的”。 为了迅速把握句与句、段与段的连接方式， 很有必要熟记各种表示逻辑意义的过渡词语。 专题二 │ 专题导读 (3)最后一段， 得出结论。可以有三种方式： ①重复中心思想， 回到文章开头提出的中心思想或主题上， 达到再次肯定和强调的效果。 ②引用。用格言或名人名言总结全文， 既言简意赅，又有较强的说服力。 ③得出结论。文章最后用几句话概括全文内容， 并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者观点。

　　专题二 │ 专题导读

　　写此类文体可以遵循如下的写作模板： 模板1.1：观点对比

　　The topic about … is becoming more and more popular in our school recently. There are two kinds of opinions about it.

　　Some students prefer to consider doing sth. (Some students say … is their favorite.) They think that…__理由一__. What's more, …__理由二__．Moreover, … __理由三__． 专题二 │ 专题导读

　　However, others believe … is a better choice for three reasons. To begin with, …__理由一__．Next，…In addition, …

　　From my point of view, the former is surely a wise choice. The reason is that…(或者用：As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that…) 专题二 │ 专题导读 模板1.2：观点对比

　　There is a widespread concern over the issue that…. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.

　　A majority of people think that

　　__观点一__. In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place,

　　__原因一______. In the second place,

　　__原因二___. So it goes without saying that

　　__观点一__． 专题二 │ 专题导读

　　People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that

　　__观点二__. In their point of view, on the one hand,

　　___原因一__. On the other hand,

　　__原因二__. Therefore, there is no doubt that

　　__观点二__．

　　As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that

　　__观点一或观点二__．It is not only because________，

　　but also because ________.The

　　more________，

　　the more ________.

　　专题二 │ 专题导读 模板2：好处与坏处的对比

　　In recent years, … has been popular. There are many advantages in… First, … Second, … Third, …

　　However, there're some disadvantages.…(之一)．Besides, …(之二). Also，…(之三)

　　In my opinion, it is true that advantages are more than disadvantages. I think… One big advantage of … is that…/ One obvious advantage of … is …/ Finally, …

　　While it is true that …has many advantages, it is also important to realize that…

　　专题二 │ 专题导读 模板3: 问题与建议

　　提出问题：

　　In recent days, we have to face a problem that…

　　解决办法：

　　With the help of modern technology, we now have many means to solve it. By doing …， we can… What's the most important is that…

　　结论：

　　In a word, it is clear / obvious that…

　　Only when… can we … 专题二 │ 专题导读 模板4: 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。

　　1．有一些人认……　 2.另一些人认为……　3.我的看法……

　　The topic of 　主题　is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. ,

　　Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of 　支持A的理由一　. What is more，　理由二　. Moreover，　理由三　.,

　　专题二 │ 专题导读

　　While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly，　支持B的理由一　. Secondly ，　理由二　. Thirdly，　理由三　.,

　　From my point of view， I think 　我的观点　. The reason is that 　原因　. As a matter of fact， there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me， the former is surely a wise choice.

　　专题二 │ 专题导读 模板5：给出一个观点， 要求考生反对这一观点

　　Some people believe that __观点一__. For example, they think__举例说明__. And it will bring them__为他们带来的好处__．

　　In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing，__我不同意该看法的理由一__．For another thing, __反对的理由之二__．

　　From all what I have said/In a word/In conclusion, I agree to the thought that_我对文章所讨论主题的看法．

　　专题二 │ 专题导读 模板6：解决方法题型

　　要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径：1.问题现状；2. 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)。 In recent days, we have to face a problem A, which is becoming more and more serious. First，__说明A的现状__. Second，__举例进一步说明现状__．

　　Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, __解决方法一__. For another thing __解决方法二__. Finally, __解决方法三__． 专题二 │ 专题导读

　　Personally, I believe that __我的解决方法__. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is waiting for us because __带来的好处__ 模板7：说明利弊题型

　　这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状， 再对比事物本身的利弊， 有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发， 最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)。 专题二 │ 专题导读

　　1．说明事物现状；2.事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)；3.你对现状(或前景)的看法。

　　Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First __A的优点之一__. Besides __A的优点之二__．

　　But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that __A的第一个缺点__. To make matters worse，__A的第二个缺点__． 专题二 │ 专题导读

　　Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to __我的看法__．

　　From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, __对前景的预测__．

　　专题二 │ 真题典例 [2011·江西卷]

　　假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括： 1．目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题； 2．骑自行车的益处，如节能环保、有利健康等。 参考词汇：低碳生活(low­ carbon life)；节能(energy saving)

　　真题典例 专题二 │ 真题典例

　　注意： 1．词数：120词左右； 2．演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，请将其抄写在答题卡上且该部分不计入总词数。 Good morning，everyone， I

　　am

　　Li Hua

　　from

　　Xingguang

　　Middle

　　School. The

　　topic

　　of

　　my

　　speech

　　is

　　“Let’s

　　Ride

　　Bicycles”． Thank_ you! 专题二 │ 真题典例

　　【解析】

　　One possible version：

　　Good morning，everyone，

　　I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Let's Ride Bicycles”．

　　As is known to all，with the improvement of people's living standards，cars have become a popular means of transport，bringing great convenience to our life. However，they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams. 专题二 │ 真题典例

　　How can we solve the problems then？As far as I'm concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution. For one thing，bicycles don't need any petrol and they are energy­ saving. For another，bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas. What's more，riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health. Therefore，let's take the responsibility to build up a low­ carbon city by riding bicycles. Come on and join us! Thank you!

　　专题二 │ 新题预测

　　(一)

　　你们班会的讨论主题是“上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗？”请你根据下面图表及汉语提示， 写一篇短文， 并阐述你的个人观点。

　　新题预测 专题二 │ 新题预测 注意： 1．词数100左右； 2．开头语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。 参考要点： 1．增长学识， 提高素养， 利于择业； 2．成功的路不止一条； 3．学费高， 就业难。 参考词汇：tuition n. 学费　qualities

　　n. 素养 Is It the Only Way Out to Go to College? We had a discussion about _______________________ 专题二 │ 新题预测

　　【解析】

　　(一) One possible version：

　　Is It the Only Way Out to Go to College?

　　We had a discussion about whether it is the only

　　way out for senior students to go to college. Views vary

　　from person to person.

　　The majority/Sixty percent of us consider it very

　　necessary to go to college. They think it can widen

　　their knowledge and improve their qualities. Only in

　　this way can 专题二 │ 新题预测

　　they find better jobs after graduation. Very few students/Ten percent of the students think it no use going to college, because the tuition is too high for their family to afford. What's more, it's rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfactory jobs. Thirty percent of the students, however, believe “All roads lead to Rome”. Therefore it doesn't make any difference whether they go to college or not.

　　In my opinion, we should receive a better education at college so that we can serve our motherland. 专题二 │ 新题预测

　　(二)

　　假设你班最近举行了一次班会， 讨论怎样使英语学习变成一件快乐的事。请你根据下表所提示的信息， 为某英语网站写一篇短文， 谈谈你们的讨论情况并提出你的建议。

　　讨论情况 1.课内互动 (师生或学生之间互动)； 2.课外活动 (演讲或晚会等)； 3.运用英语 (口头或书面交流)； …… 你的建议 (请考生根据自己的经历与感想， 提出两至三点建议) 专题二 │ 新题预测 注意： 1．对所给要点逐一陈述， 适当发挥， 不要简单翻译； 2．词数150左右。开头已经写好， 不计入总词数； 3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。 参考词汇：interact adj.互动的 Recently we had a discussion on how to make learning English relaxing and fun.————————————————————————————————————————- 专题二 │ 新题预测

　　【解析】

　　(二) One possible version：

　　Recently, we had a discussion on how to make learning English relaxing and fun. Most students believe that there are many ways to do so. First of all, we can have more interactive activities in class, such as discussions, interviews, story­telling and role­ play. In this way, we can have more fun learning English. Secondly, we can take part in more out­ of­ class 专题二 │ 新题预测

　　activities like English speech contests and English evenings. Through these activities we can improve our English skills in an easy and relaxing way. Thirdly, we need to find more opportunities to communicate with people in English, whether they are English teachers or classmates, foreigners or Chinese, because using English is the best way to improve it.

　　专题二 │ 新题预测

　　These ideas sound reasonable and practical. From my experience, there are many other interesting and relaxing ways. For example, we can listen to English songs and watch English movies. We can also watch English programs on TV, join English clubs or make English penfriends on the Internet.

　　All in all, what we need is more free time and more space.

　　第五模块 │ 应试点睛 4. 掌握写作技巧， 完善书面表达。 “书面表达”是考查考生综合运用英语能力的一种题型， 根据其一般规律， 它要求考生按照所给情景和要求写一篇书面材料， 做到所写的内容符合所给的情景和要求， 文理通顺。它既像作文， 又不完全是作文， 因为考生不能离开情景和要求自行立意、选材， 随意发挥。它类似翻译， 但又不同于翻译， 因为考生必须根据需要进行适当的发挥， 因而有较大的灵活性。所以在做这种题目时， 要掌握一个总的原则是“不漏、不错、不多写、不乱写”。具体的原则应从以下四个方面去考虑和着手： 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 (1)读题， 明确要求， 做好必要的准备工作。高考的书面表达题材较多， 有给文字背景材料的， 有看图作文的， 还有两者皆而有之的。对于文字背景材料， 考生要仔细阅读， 看懂题目要求， 并对材料进行必要的删减。文字材料中有的是有用信息， 有的是无用信息。不进行必要的删减， 则会使写出来的书面表达轻者增加了错误的可能性， 重者文不对题， 逻辑不清。 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 (2)组织， 进行必要的语言准备。读题工作结束后， 考生要就提供的信息或画面进行语言上的组织。这一环节非常重要， 对“书面表达”是否流畅和符合逻辑举足轻重。读题的核心工作是做必要的删减， 组织的主要工作是做适当的补充， 给框架补“血”补“肉”， 使所要写出来的文章意思连贯， 语言畅通， 逻辑严密。

　　第五模块 │ 应试点睛 (3)转换， 进入实质性的语言加工阶段。要做好这一阶段的工作， 关键是掌握几条原则：多用简单句， 少用复合句；多用短句， 少用长句；讲究简明扼要， 摒弃繁琐复杂， 避免意思混浊不清。这一阶段是最终得分高低的关键所在。因此， 除了掌握以上重要原则外， 还应在具体操作中注意选择正确的主语人称和动词的时态， 多用贴切的固定短语， 尽量使用自己“拿手”的句子， 经常留意句子的语 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 法是否符合要求。从更高要求来说， 用英语思维并一气呵成地完成书面表达是最佳方法。但对于大多数英语水平尚未达到这种程度的考生来说， 转换过程中进行有效的控制是非常必要的。只有进行这样的控制， 才能有效地控制错误的发生。

　　(4)检查， “书面表达”的最后一道工序。最后一道工序意味着一旦稍有疏忽， 很难再有弥补， 也就无法挽回。因此， 仔细认真地检查对于最终的得分是十分重要的。在检查过程中应注意以下几个方面：

　　第五模块 │ 应试点睛 ①信息点是否完整， 有没有遗漏。根据评分标准， 漏信息点是要扣大分的(2－3分)。要细致小心， 一一检查， 确保无一遗漏。 ②语法正确。语法包括两个方面， 一是词法， 二是句法。词法方面主要检查时态、语态、主谓一致、冠词、名词单复数和词语搭配等。句法方面主要检查是否使用一些熟悉句型， 特别是尽量要使用简单句。

　　第五模块 │ 应试点睛 除了以上所讲的几个基本的写作原则外， 要想提高书面表达的档次， 增强书面表达的效果， 以下方面也应值得重视：

　　A. 学会模仿和使用较为丰富的“高级词汇”。 词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少， 也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志， 而运用高级词汇对提高书面表达分数是至关重要的。俗话说， 见微知著。若能适当运用高级词汇， 会给评判者留下更加深刻的印象。那么， 究竟什么是 “高级词汇”？ 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 a. 用较高难度的同义词取代较常见的“高频词”。 英语中有些词使用频率十分高， 比如interesting 、good等， 所以表达时往往会先入为主。这些高频词很容易令文章陷入“千人一面”的窘境中。而如果能够使用它们相应的同义词、派生词或通过其他手段来表达同义的效果， 就可以做到“别开生面”， 进而给文章带来清新的感觉。如： 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 Neil can be expected to come to China around 28th, August. (换作高级词汇：Neil will be available to come to China around 28th, August.) The question is really difficult to understand. (换作高级词汇：The question is really confusing.)

　　第五模块 │ 应试点睛 b. 用完整的短语或习语取代独立的单词。总体而言， 利用短语的难度比单词要大一些， 因此适当运用短语更能显示出写作者的功力。如： Suddenly I had a good idea. (换作短语：Suddenly I came up with a good idea.) Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable. (换作短语：Thanks to the good weather, our journey was comfortable.) 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 B. 学会模仿和使用较丰富的“句式”。 英语语言拥有大量丰富的固定句式(如感叹句、复合结构、强调句型等)和较为复杂的句型结构(如定语从句、现在分词短语等), 这些结构的正确使用， 可以使文章的语言表达既严谨又地道， 如果运用得体， 在写作中就能少犯错误， 同时又能展示写作者运用语言的能力。如： 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 a. 使用固定句式 His purse was stolen but he had no time to call for help. (使用before one could do sth.结构：His purse was stolen before he could call for help. before 用以连接有先后顺序的两个动作。) b. 使用现在分词结构

　　Nowadays, we can easily travel from one place to another and this bridges the gap among different races or cultures. 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 (换作现在分词短语：Nowadays, we can easily travel from one place to another, thus bridging the gap among different races or cultures.) c. 使用定语从句 One morning I went fishing in the river. By the river two women were washing clothes. (使用定语从句：One morning I went fishing in the river, where two women were washing clothes.) 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 C. 学会模仿和使用“恰当的连接词”。 书面表达应该注意上下文的连贯性， 并能有效地使用语句间的连接成分， 使全文结构紧凑。这里说的连贯性， 就是指通过连接词(包括并列连词、从属连词和连接性副词)、非谓语动词短语等语法成分， 使两个或多个意义相互关联的事情或观点在同一个句子内得以表达， 从而使整个段落或篇章浑然一体， 连贯流畅。 第五模块 │ 应试点睛 a. 表示平行或递进关系的连接词通常有： also, as well (as)，at the same time, besides, both…and…， further more, in addition (to), more over, similarly, worse still等。

　　b. 表示转折关系的连接词通常有： although, but, however, nevertheless, on the contrary,

　　otherwise, to the opposite, yet等。

　　c. 表示目的或因果关系的连接词通常有： as a result, because (of), consequently, due to, now that, since, so,

　　therefore, thus等。

　　第五模块 │ 应试点睛 d. 表示层次、顺序关系的连接词有： After (that), another, before, first(ly), second(ly), third(ly)，at last, finally, later on, next, then, on the one hand…， on the other hand等。

　　e. 表示例举关系的连接词通常有： for example, for instance, for one thing, for another, such as等。 f. 表示归纳、总结的连接词通常有： as a result, briefly, in a word, in brief, in short, on the whole, to sum up等。

　　第五模块 │ 应试点睛 以上从两个角度强调了高分书面表达所必备的基本要素。其实， 考场上优秀的书面表达既要具备内容上的充实感， 同时又要注重形式上的审美感。概括起来说， 在内容上要注意以下几个方面：注意句型多样化， 使文章丰富多彩；合理使用长短句， 使文章错落有致；用好并列复合句， 使文章流畅连贯；适当点缀特殊句， 使文章清新悦目。在形式上也要注意卷面的形象美和段落结构的布局美。 总之， 好的文章并非纸上谈兵“谈”来的， 没有扎实的语言积累， 没有大量的实践经验是写不出好文章的。 专题一 记叙文型书面表达 专题一　记叙文型书面表达　 专题一 │ 专题导读 英语记叙文的书面表达一般要求考生根据所给的情景组织语言材料。要想高分完卷， 必须注意： 1．作文前要根据要求或暗示确定好用什么人称。一般来说， 英语记叙文要以“第一人称(I /we)和第三人称(He/ She/ It/ They)”展开叙述。第一人称是从“参与者”的角度进行叙述；第三人称是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述。要就事论事， 不要画蛇添足， 节外生枝。

　　专题导读 专题一 │ 专题导读 2．交代清楚记叙文写作的基本要素：人物(who/whom)、时间(when)、地点(where)、事由(what)、原因(why)。注意从具体的材料中提炼中心， 并根据中心思想选择材料， 合理安