2016届湖南长沙市高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（54）（含答案）

　　湖南长沙市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解训练（54）及答案

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.

　　Previous studies have linked high exposure to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problem, but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风）within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research, scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物）were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of “moderate” quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.

　　The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.

　　1.The text mainly discusses the relationship between        .

　　A．heart problems and air quality

　　B．heart problems and exercising

　　C．heart problems and smoking

　　D．heart problems and fatty food

　　2.The underlined word “modest” in Paragraph 3 most probably means.

　　A．relatively high                          B．extremely low

　　C．relatively low                          D．extremely high

　　3. What can we learn from the text? 

　　A．Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.

　　B．The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.

　　C．Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking,

　　D．Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.

　　4. The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to         . 

　　A. inform    B. persuade    C. describe     D. entertain

　　参考答案1—4、ACDA

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　My daughter is three-and-a-haft years old, but has been speaking in full sentences since she was 18 months old—children usually start connecting words fluently between the ages of two and three. She now has the language skills of a five-year-old and happily tells long stories, using different tenses.

　　So why is my child so precocious（超常）? Well, I believe her remarkable gift is down to my great friend and language expert, Nicola Lathey. When Minnie was just ten weeks old, Nicola came to meet her. Nicola said to me, “Minnie is very chatty. We’ve just been having a lovely long conversation.” Then she showed me how she was keeping eye contact and waiting for Minnie to make a noise. When Minnie paused, Nicola would utter something about the same length back to her, pause again, look at Minnie and wait for her to respond. She went back and forth in this way for about five minutes. Apparently, this is an early form of conversation.

　　In fact, Nicola told me that Minnie would have been able to start talking with me like this from around four weeks. Not only that, but babies even start learning language in the Womb too. So, we should begin chatting to our baby, while looking into their eyes, as soon as they are born. The earlier we talk to them, the more in tune with our language they’ll be and the quicker they’ll learn it. The sooner you get started, the better.

　　Researchers studied the impact of a child’s early environment（before they are two）on their language, and found that children whose parents talked to them a lot at home went on to achieve higher scores in tests of languages, reading and maths when they entered school. So by giving your child the gift of conversation, you really are giving them the best possible start in life.

　　1. Why does the author mention her daughter Minnie in Para. 1 ?

　　A. To introduce the theme by an example.

　　B. To show a very happy life with a daughter.

　　C. To persuade people to protect children’s gifts.

　　D. To talk about the development of children.

　　2. According to Ms Nicola Lathey, ________.

　　A. any child has their own advantages

　　B. Minnie is lucky to receive training on language skills

　　C. parents should spend more time with their kids

　　D. it’s better to start talking with children at an early age

　　3. Which statement is NOT tree, according to the text?

　　A. Parents can have a big impact on how children learn to talk.

　　B. Giving children the gift of conversation will boost their brainpower for life.

　　C. There’s no need to push children to learn languages when they’re young.

　　D. The better children are talking before two, the better they’ll do when starting school.

　　4. Who would be most interested in the text?

　　A. Parents to be.

　　B. Parents with teenagers.

　　C. Teachers at primary school.

　　D. The young baby-sitters.

　　参考答案1—4、ADCA

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　You know how wonderful you are，and you know that others know how wonderful you are，but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy？For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do，but the good news is that there is.Don't let jealousy spoil your relationships.Tackle it head on and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.

　　It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is，but if you want to save your friendship you'll have to do just that.Don't approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited)，just take some time alone with them and let them know that you've been feeling like there's been something coming between you.If they refuse to respond，then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling.Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.

　　When you figure out what is annoying your friend，ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better.If，for example，(s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesn't get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from the swim team then maybe you could invite her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you.Remember，though，that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise.Don't limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy.Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.

　　Even the best of friendships can be tinged by jealousy.This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies.Before taking extreme action，chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise.If you can't，be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you won't.

　　【语篇解读】 本文是关于人际关系的话题。尤其是青少年朋友之间会因为嫉妒而使相互间的友谊被破坏，本文着重讲述如何处理被朋友嫉妒及处理过程中可能遇到的困难。

　　1．According to the author，the jealousy emotion is ________.

　　A．normal

　　B．productive

　　C．destructive

　　D．extreme

　　解析　细节理解题。由第一段第二句．..that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.可知。

　　答案　C

　　．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to confront your friend when jealousy happens?

　　A．Walking up to him/her and asking him/her why he/she is jealous of you.

　　B．Walking up to him/her and asking him/her what the problem is.

　　C．Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know how you feel.

　　D．Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know you think there's something coming between you.

　　解析　细节理解题。由第二段第二句Don't approach them and ask why they are jealous of you可知。

　　答案　A

　　．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?

　　A．There's always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy.

　　B．Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.

　　C．You may lose a friend to keep your own gifts，chances or selfdevelopment.

　　D．You should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution

　　解析　推理判断题。

　　答案　C

　　．The purpose of the passage is ________.

　　A．to explain what causes jealousy

　　B．to offer some advice on making friends

　　C．to introduce the way to cope with a jealous friend

　　D．to explain how destructive the jealous emotion is

　　解析　作者意图题。通读全文可知，本文的写作目的是介绍处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法。

　　答案　C

　　阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。In science fiction TV programs such as Star Trek , tractor beams (光线) are used to draw

　　spaceships and move objects

　　For years, scientists have labored to reproduce this feat（技艺）.

　　In 2016. they succeeded

　　A team of British and Czech scientists, led by Dr Tomas Cizmar. say

　　they have created a rea-life "tractor beam". like the kind from Star Trek . which uses a line of

　　light to attract objects. at least at a microscopic level

　　Light control techniques have existed since the l970s. but this is thought to be the first

　　time a beam has been used to draw objects towards a light source

　　Usually when microscopic

　　objects are hit by a line of light. they are forced along the direction of the beam

　　After many

　　years' research. Dr Cizmar's team discovered a technique that allows for the radiant force(辐射力) of light to be changed and to use the negative force to draw out certain particles（小颗粒）

　　Dr Cizmar says that even though it is a few years away from practical use. the technology　 has huge potential for medical research

　　In particular. the tractor beam is highly selective in　 the particles it can attract. so it can pick up particles that have specific characteristics. such as　 size or composition. in a mixture

　　"Eventually, this could be used to separate white blood　cells. for example," Dr Cizmar told BBC News

　　It has been a primary plot design in science fiction TV programs and movies to allow objects like spaceships to be trapped in a line of light But Dr Cizmar said this particular technique would not eventually lead to that A transfer of energy happens in the process

　　On a microscopic level that is OK. but on a large level it would cause huge problems

　　A large object　could be destroyed by the heating, which results from the massive amount of energy necessary to pull it.

　　1. What is this passage mainly about?

　　A The application of light control techniques in modem society.

　　B The uses and limitations of a scientific invention by a research team

　　C. The adoption of light control techniques in medical treatment.

　　D. The influences and effects of scientific developments on science fiction

　　2. Which of the following is TRUE about Dr Cizmar's tractor beam?

　　A It moves big objects as the tractor beam did in Star Trek.

　　B It is the first beam that pushes objects forward

　　C. It relies on negative force to pull out specific kinds of particles.

　　D. It is currently being used for separating blood cells in medical research

　　3. What does "that" in the last paragraph refer to?

　　A

　　Transferring a massive amount of energy.

　　B. Making science fiction programs and movies.

　　C. Burning a large object into ashes.

　　D. Catching spaceships in a beam of light

　　4. What is the tone of this passage?

　　A Objective

　　B. Suspicious

　　C. Admiring.

　　D. Pessimistic.

　　参考答案1—4、BCDA

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity.I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day's events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary.I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper.After all, isn't accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?

　　When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well－equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera.During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across.I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels.On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand.The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows.I automatically took out my pen...

　　At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.

　　Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful.I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful.I'm no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old.I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.

　　I don't want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes.Maybe I won't have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I'll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.I don't live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.

　　1．Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of________.

　　A．observing her school routine

　　B．expressing her satisfaction

　　C．impressing her classmates

　　D．preserving her history

　　解析　细节理解题。由文章第一段的最后一句话“After all, isn't accumulating memories a way of preserving the past？”可知，我认为通过看过去经历的记录是保存过去的一种方式，故选D项。

　　答案　D

　　．What caused a change in the author's understanding of keeping a diary?

　　A．A dull night on the journey.

　　B．The beauty of the great valley.

　　C．A striking quotation from a book.

　　D．Her concerns for future generations.

　　解析　细节理解题。由第三段的第一句话“At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.”可知，山谷的美让我意识到没有什么能比得上让自己去体验美。故选B项。

　　答案　B

　　．What does the author put in her diary now?

　　A．Notes and beautiful pictures.

　　B．Special thoughts and feelings.

　　C．Detailed accounts of daily activities.

　　D．Descriptions of unforgettable events.

　　解析　细节理解题。由第四段第一句话“Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.”可知现在“我”只把一些特殊想法和感受写在日记里，故正确答案为B项。

　　答案　B

　　．The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is________.

　　A．to experience it

　　B．to live the present in the future

　　C．to make memories

　　D．to give accurate representations of it

　　解析　细节理解题。由最后一段的最后一句“I don't live to make memories...I just live，and the memories form themselves”可知A项正确，C项不正确；由第四段最后一句“I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera，busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.”可知B项错误。由最后一段第二句话“Maybe I won't have as many exact representations of people and places；maybe I'll forget certain facts，but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.”可知D项错误。

　　答案　A