2016届高考英语二轮专题热点集训：专题16 短文改错、语法填空和阅读填空

　　专题十六

　　短文改错、语法填空和阅读填空

　　【命题趋势探秘】

　　命题规律考查内容 考查度 ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆所占分值

　　15分

　　命题

　　趋势对标有题号的每一行作出判断共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求。自由填空3—4个小题提示性填空6—7个小题近年短文改错题型不大但仍有一些同学对此类题不得要领。短文改错中常见的规律及解题技巧2016·新课标全国I）

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden. Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!

　　【】第一：→ago。→of。第二：→years。→have。第三：。→everywhere。第：→tasty。第：→many。代词的错误。这里代词指代的是可数名词fruit，因此用many而不是much指代复数名词。much替代不可数名词。

　　第六句：but删除或改为yet。这里只有两个句子，两个句子之间只能有一个连词，前面已经有从属连词although引导状语从句，因此要将but去掉，后面作为主句，或把but改为副词yet作状语表示“可是”。

　　第：→wonderful。词类的错误。用形容词而不是副词作定语。

　　【典例2】（2016·大纲全国卷）

　　此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：

　　此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

　　此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

　　此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

　　注意：原行没有错的不要改。

　　All of us need friendship. The understanding

　　1.______________

　　between two friends mean both of them have similar

　　2.______________

　　ideas and trusting each other. Otherwise, it is

　　3.______________

　　impossible for him to help each other and to make

　　4.______________

　　their friendship to last long. As an old saying goes,

　　5.______________

　　“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship

　　6.______________

　　should able to stand all sorts of tests. And it is

　　7.______________

　　wise to have as many good friends that we can.

　　8.______________

　　The more friends we have, the more we can learn for

　　9.______________

　　one another, but the more pleasure we can share together.

　　10.______________

　　【】→means。主谓一致的错误。主语是动名词，谓语应该用单数形式。

　　3.trusting→trust。谓语动词的错误。这里trust有and连接，与前面的have并列作谓语。

　　4.him→them。代词的错误。用them而不是him指代前面的two friends。

　　5.to删除。非谓语动词的错误。make接不带to的不定式作宾补。

　　6. really→real。词类的错误。用形容词而不是副词作定语表示“真正的”。

　　7. should后加be。缺词的错误。这里用be able to do表示“能够做某事”，谓语部分需要be动词接形容词作表语。

　　8. that→as。连词的错误。与前面的as呼应，这里应该用as引导比较状语从句，as...as we can表示“尽可能多地”。

　　9. for→from。介词的错误。用learn from表示“向……学习”。

　　10. but→and。连词的错误。用并列连词and表示顺接而不是转折含义。

　　【技巧点拨】

　　点拨一：抓住6个一致，快速寻找错误

　　解答短文改错试题时要注意6个一致：1)语境时态是否一致；2)主谓在人称与数方面是否一致；3)代词指代是否一致；4)平行结构是否一致；5)名词的单复数与修饰语或上下文是否一致；6)行文逻辑是否一致。

　　点拨二：短文改错解答要领：

　　1.速读全文，把握大意

　　做短文改错试题时要先速读全文，比如记叙文首先要知道人物、事件、地点、时间等，议论文要首先了解论点、论据和论证，然后再逐句判断，因为词的正确使用离不开句子，句子离不开语境。

　　2.借助语法知识，逐句分析

　　1)检查名词的数，形容词/副词的级(比较等级)，同根词的词性(作表语用形容词，作状语用副词)；冠词、数词、介词的使用是否正确，人物替代是否准确等；

　　2)注意每行之间的衔接处，这里往往是不被人重视的“死角”；

　　3)根据词语搭配和句子结构的规则判断是否缺词或多词；

　　4)分析句子成分，确保动词形式正确，包括谓语和非谓语，主动语态和被动语态，时态以及主谓一致；

　　3.复读全文，确保正确。

　　◇考点2语法填空

　　【基础知识梳理】

　　语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求。 一、能力要求1.阅读/理解语篇的能力2.分析句子结构的能力3.熟练运用语法的能力4.单词拼写能力考查方式自由填空—4个小题冠词、介词、代词连接词并列连词功能性结构副词提示性填空—7个小题考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、词转换等。试题中要求使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，所给词以外的其它词。“语义”及句子结构所要求的“语法”形式进行答题。只要按照这两个“风向标”来填空，就不会有错。

　　（一）自由填空题1．介词：用法灵活，根据上下文意或固定搭配确定答案。

　　2．冠词：如果空格后是名词（尤其单数名词），就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词。

　　3．代词：1) 缺主语或宾语，填。(my, your等)、指示代词(this, that, these, those)、不定代词(如all, each, both, neither, another, other)等限定词。

　　4、若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。若两句之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连接词。

　　、副词或副词性短语表示副词或副词性短语though(“然而”,多放句末), however, therefore, besides, in addition, instead, otherwise,actually, first, second, then等等。、若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。

　　、由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。

　　(二)给出了动词的题首先判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词然后按以下两点进行思考。

　　若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词就要考虑时态语态。

　　若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词要确定用ing形式ed形式，还是用不定式形式

　　特别提醒有时给出动词谓语动词非谓语动词，而是要求词类转换。

　　(三)词转换题

　　考查的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，加un-, im-等加less等。

　　Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

　　In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It ___1___(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The rive was so polluted that it ___2__(actual) caught fire and burned. Now year late, this rive is one of____3__most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

　　But the river wasn’t changed in a few days__4__ even a few months. It took years of work ___5___(reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___6__ (clean) than ever.

　　Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit __7__is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?

　　While there are___8___(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___9___(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be___10___(patience).

　　【文章大意】曾经重度污染的河流再次清澈。当你感觉什么事情不可能实现是时候，继续努力，耐心些，你就会成功的！

　　1. was考查时态。事情发生在1969年，是一个过去的时间，故此处要用一般过去时态，也就是要用was。

　　2. actually考查词类转换。修饰动词caught的要用副词，故此处要用actually。

　　3. the考查冠词。后面的most是最高级，其前面要用定冠词the。

　　4. or考查并列连词。该句的意思：但是河流的不是几天或几个月就改变了的。a few days和a few months的并列选择，因此要用or。

　　5. to reduce考查非谓语动词。该句中it是形式主语，其真正的主语是to reduce。意思为：清除工业污染和清洁水需要数年的时间。

　　6. cleaner考查形容词比较级。从后面的than可知此处要用比较级，因此要用cleaner。

　　7. that/which考查定语从句。此处是一个定语从句，其先行词为前面的habit，而该定语从句缺少主语，因此要用that或者which。

　　8. amazing考查词类转换。令人震惊的故事，表示“令人震惊”，因此要用amazing。

　　9. changes考查名词的数。前面是定冠词the，因此后面要用名词，而此处要用其名词复数形式。

　　10. patient考查词类转换。从前面的be可以推知此处要用形容词patient。

　　【典例2】（2016·新课标全国II）

　　One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1___ (be) late for school.

　　There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___2____ some of them looked very anxious and ___3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ____4___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____5___ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____6___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____7___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,揰___8___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?h” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It’s ____9___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers___10__(sudden) became friendly to one another.

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者一次乘车的遭遇，看到一个骑车的男孩追赶汽车送来乘客丢失的东西。

　　1. being考查非谓语动词。空格前面的是介词about，后面使用v-ing的形式，因此将be改成being。

　　2. and考查并列连词。此处是一个并列的关系，填and。

　　3. disappointed考查词类转换。本句话的主语是some of them，同时结合前面的anxious可知，这些人感到失望。

　　4. to考查固定搭配。此处是一个固定词组next to挨着--------。

　　5. caught考查时态。结合上下文的时态，以一般过去时为主，同时分析句意，一个骑自行车的男孩吸引了我的注意力，属于过去时，因此填caught。

　　6. to stop考查非谓语动词。结合前面的refuse，后面使用不定式的形式，构成refuse to do sth拒绝做某事。

　　7. riding考查非谓语动词。根据空格前面的kept，后面使用v-ing的形式，因此需要将ride变成riding。

　　8. did考查疑问句和时态。分析语境，此处司机问道：“有人丢失东西吗？”这是一个问句，同时丢失东西已经发生，填过去时，因此填did。

　　9. mine考查代词。指与前面的suitcase呼应，同时此处需要使用名词性物主代词，指属于我的。

　　10. suddenly考查词类转换。此处应该是副词修饰后面的动词became作状语，因此填suddenly。

　　【技巧点拨】

　　做语篇语法填空题最好分三步走。

　　第一步：浏览全文，领悟大意。语法填空的命题是根据考点考查的需要对语言材料进行挖空的。所以，考生做题前必须浏览整个语言材料，通过阅读把握语言材料的大意，弄清语言材料的核心话题，为下一步细读句子填充空白做好准备。整个语言材料的大意、语段大意、单句语义对填一个什么样的词，所填词采用什么样的形式都起着决定性的作用。因为考生要想答对题，至少需理解整个句子的意思或上下文的逻辑关系，或者需要理解前后几个句子，甚至整个语言材料。

　　第二步： 细读材料，尝试填空。这一步是解题的实质性阶段，重要的是细读，细读是做语法填空题的基本要求。这和做阅读理解题的方法不一样，做阅读理解题更多的靠略读和寻读。然而做语法填空题时必须细读每一句话，在掌握句意的同时还要分析句式结构，由此确定空缺词的词性，是连词、冠词、介词、代词、情态动词，还是过渡性词语等。做题时你会发现有的题很难做，尤其是那些没有给出提示词的过渡性词语、情态动词和形容词、副词的比较等级等，他们对语言材料上下文的依赖性很强，只有反复揣摩核心话题和相关细节，通过领悟情景产生联想才能推测出恰当的词语。所以做语法填空题也和做完形填空一样，不要力求一次性完成，不好填的可以暂时放一放，继续填后面的，留下以后完成。

　　第三步：复读材料，检查答案。

　　1、复读整个语篇，检查完成填空的语篇行文是否通顺流畅，条理是否清晰，逻辑是否合理；

　　2、检查填空句的句法结构是否正确；

　　3、所填词是否符合英语搭配习惯；

　　4、所填词的词性是否符合句法要求；

　　5、单词的拼写是否正确，首字母是否需要大写；

　　6、留意所填内容有没有超过3个词的情况。

　　—300词的说明文、记叙文或议论文，文中有五处空白，对应有7个短句或短语选项，要求考生在读懂文章意思之后，根据文章的内容、结构和行文的连贯性，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处，其中有2项是多余的干扰项。

　　【核心考点讲练】

　　阅读填空试题的答题步骤

　　在解答阅读填空试题时，我们首先要快速浏览短文，明确短文的内容，然后阅读五个空格前后的句子，并注意空格前后句中的关键词标记下来。这些关键词包括句中的核心名词或短语、数字、连词等。然后对语篇文章进行有条理的分析。

　　（1）通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。

　　在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意，首段与末段的提示作用。

　　（2）详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。

　　文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。

　　（3）定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。

　　在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。

　　一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其注意文章的写作线索，文章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果带入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。

　　（4）通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。

　　在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。

　　要特别注意，除非有充分的理由否定向前的选择，否则不要仓促更改。只要前两步投入了精力，动了脑筋，第一印象往往可信度很高。

　　【典例1】（2016·新课标全国I）

　　根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.

　　1

　　. By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

　　1. Curiosity

　　Your children need to be deeply curious.

　　2

　　. Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?

　　2. Creativity

　　True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new

　　3

　　. There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.

　　3. Personal skills

　　Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.

　　4

　　. “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”

　　4. Self Expression

　　5

　　There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas?music, acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.

　　A. Encourage kids to cook with you.

　　B. And we can’t forget science education.

　　C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

　　D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?

　　E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.

　　F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.

　　G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。孩子未来从事什么样工作？或许是现在从来就不曾有的工作。如何让孩子准备好将来的工作工作呢？文章给出了要让孩子做好准备的四个方面：好奇心；创造性；人际交往技巧和自我表达能力。

　　1. D从文章开头第一句的The jobs of the future have not yet been invented可以得知该篇文章就讲述如何让孩子应付将来工作的问题；并且结合本题后面的by helping them develop classic skill that will serve them可知作者给出应付将来工作的具体建议，因此本题要填 “如何帮助孩子准备好将来的工作”的问题，故选D。

　　2. A根据该空后面的What ingredients（配料） can we add to make these pancakes even better time?可知“要鼓励孩子一起烹饪”，故选A。

　　3. C根据孩子需要掌握的第二个需要具备的技能是创新性。从第三部分第一句的True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it的叙述是和C项“创造机会让孩子用新的方式来思考问题”是一致的。

　　4. F从本题后面的几个问题：Why do you thing she’s crying? Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?可知此处要填入“我们可以在我们的实际生活中这样做或者就故事的主角进行提问”。故选F。

　　5. G第四种必备技能是“自我表达”，因此要填入“能用有效的方式表达观点是一项有用的技能”，也就是G项。

　　【典例2】（2016·新课标全国II）

　　Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule

　　From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money, and time.

　　1

　　Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spent in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:

　　1. Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nothing ready to eat. So think ahead of the coming week. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials already?

　　2

　　2. Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread?

　　3

　　It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for future meal.

　　3.

　　4

　　This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.

　　Hopefully that gives you a good start.

　　5

　　And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!

　　A. Try new things.

　　B. Ability is easily improved.

　　C. Make three or four instead.

　　D. Understand your food better.

　　E. Cooking is a burden for many people.

　　F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.

　　G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.

　　【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在忙碌的生活中，怎样享受烹调的乐趣的几个具体的建议，如提前做好规划，一次多做点，尝试一些新鲜的做法等等。

　　1.B空格前面提到了三个原因：ability，money，and time空格后面提到了money是作者改天再讨论的话题，以及后面提到了怎样充分地利用时间，所以这里应该与第一项ability有关，因此选Ability is easily improved，前后呼应。

　　2.G 结合本段的小标题think ahead就是提前规划，同时结合段落中出现的think ahead of the coming week和后面问的这些问题，都是强调提前进行规划，将有助于省去将来的大量劳动，与G的信息一致。

　　3.C 结合本段的小标题，make your time worth it可知，有充分地利用你的时间，再根据空格前面的one可知，既然做一个是做，为什么不多做点呢？以备将来之用，因此与C的信息一致。

　　4.A这是一个小标题的试题。它需要概括全段的内容，结合空格后面的信息词surprise，experimentation，new ideas等可知与A的信息一致，建议尝试新东西。

　　5.F结合空格前面的a good start和后面的don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes可知，此处与F的信息，即“让做饭和生活成为一种享受，而不是负担”这种信息一致。

　　【技巧点拨】 分析文章结构，正确解答阅读填空试题

　　分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键。语篇由句子和语段构成，分析文章的层次包含整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，以及每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。而段落之间的衔接有两种方式，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。

　　专题热点集训十六短文改错、语法填空和阅读填空

　　Ⅰ短文改错

　　1. （2015·新课标全国Ⅰ）

　　When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.

　　2. （2015·新课标全国Ⅱ）

　　One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later. Tony saw parents. Mom said，“How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.

　　3. （2015·四川）

　　Hi，Janice，

　　It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.

　　As I tell you last time，I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and after school. We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time－wasting activity! In fact，I don't like to go anymore，so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me，would you talk to him?

　　Please help with me and give me some advice.

　　Grace

　　Ⅱ语法填空

　　1. （2015·新课标全国Ⅰ）

　　Yangshuo，China

　　It was raining lightly when I__1__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours __2__，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__(it) choking smog. Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.

　　I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__(painting). Instead，I'd head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away__6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city.

　　Yangshuo__7__(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers __8__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

　　2. (2015·全国新课标卷Ⅱ）

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition” a house without __4__(use) electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat__5__(slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house. When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__(cool) the house during the hot day: __7__ the same time，they warm up again for the night. This cycle __8__(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures. As __9__(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly __10__ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

　　3.（2015·上海）

　　(A)

　　Gift from a stranger

　　My local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient，but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a white(25). I was in a good mood，I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot－it was a tight fit.

　　Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good，I(26)(empty)my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.

　　Just as I approached my car，I saw the woman I'd let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me(27) odd look— half puzzled，half intent(热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car，I saw the same lady(28)(look)in at me. “Hello，” she said，hesitantly. “This(29) sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins. You are just so much(30) her. You helped those people，I noticed，and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.”(31)(shock)，I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause，I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was(32)(nice)gift I'd ever received，and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck，a warm reminder of human kindness.

　　(B)

　　Ask Helpful Hannah

　　Dear Helpful Hannah，

　　I'd got a problem with my husband，Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago，and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge(33)(check)for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He's so addicted to it that he just can't stand the idea(34)there may be an important text. He can't help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves(35)any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn't. The temptation to see(36)is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop(37)(ignore)me，he says，“In a minute，” but still checks to see if(38) has posted something new on the internet. Our life(39)(interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home，he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.

　　I recently read an article about “nomophobia”(40)is a real illness people can suffer from: the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn't have his phone with him，even for a short time.

　　Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!

　　Sick and Tired Sadie

　　Ⅲ阅读填空

　　1.（2015·全国新课标卷Ⅰ）

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Building Trust in a Relationship Again

　　gh the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

　　A. Learn to really trust yourself.

　　B. It is putting confidence in someone.

　　C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

　　D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.

　　E. They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.

　　F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

　　G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.

　　2.(2015·全国新课标卷Ⅱ）

　　Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs. __1__，buy the best－fitting，best－built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double－check the fit. __2__. As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

　　During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day. __3__，it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. __4__. After two weeks，start timing yourself. __5__. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

　　A. After six days

　　B. For a good marathon runner

　　C. Before you begin your training

　　D. With each day，increase the distance by a half mile

　　E. If they still feel good，you can begin running in them

　　F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

　　G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time

　　3.(2015·北京）

　　This Way to Dreamland

　　Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what's happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy.__1__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.

　　But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __2__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

　　So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?

　　First，understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__3__ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you're daydreaming，try to do it while you are involved in another task－preferably something simple，like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings.

　　It's also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”，being focused，is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__4__

　　Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.__5__

　　Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

　　A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.

　　B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.

　　C. Without wandering minds，we wouldn't have relatively，Coke or Post－it notes.

　　D. At one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.

　　E. It involves slow，steady breathing for self－control that helps people stay calm and attentive.

　　F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand.

　　G. Therefore，it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone.

　　专题热点集训十六短文改错、语法填空和阅读填空

　　参考答案与解析

　　Ⅰ短文改错

　　1. （2015·新课标全国Ⅰ）

　　该题重点考查基础知识的应用，注意名词单复数、动词人称、形容词和副词的变化、时态、语态等基础知识。

　　1. think→ thought 【命题意图】考查时态。

　　【解题思路】根据前文when I was a child判断这是发生在过去的事情。

　　2. countryside前加the 【命题意图】考查冠词。

　　【解题思路】根据词组in the countryside判断countryside前加the。

　　3. or→ and 【命题意图】考查连词。

　　【解题思路】前一分句the air is clean和下文的the mountains are green是并列关系。

　　4. on→ with 【命题意图】考查介词。

　　【解题思路】with the development of随着……的发展。

　　5. shown前的been去掉 【命题意图】考查语态。

　　【解题思路】此处句子的主语studies是shown的动作执行者，应用主动语态。故去掉been。

　　6. seriously → serious 【命题意图】考查形容词。

　　【解题思路】problem是名词，应用形容词修饰。

　　7. airs→ air 【命题意图】考查名词。

　　【解题思路】air是不可数名词，没有复数形式。

　　8. Much → Many 【命题意图】考查形容词。

　　【解题思路】此处的rare animals是可数名词，应用many修饰。

　　【技巧点拨】牢记可数名词复数的修饰词和不可数名词的修饰词。

　　9. found→ find

　　【命题意图】考查动词。

　　【解题思路】根据情态动词must后应跟动词原形，we是find的动作执行者。

　　10. your→ our/the 【命题意图】考查代词/冠词。

　　【解题思路】该句的主语是we，environment前可加our或定冠词the。

　　2015·全国新卷课标Ⅱ）

　　【思路点拨】该题重点考查基础知识的应用，注意名词单复数，动词人称，形容词和副词的变化，时态、语态等基础知识。

　　1. parent→ parents 【命题意图】考查名词。

　　【解题思路】parent一般指父母二人，常用复数形式。

　　2. on→in 【命题意图】考查介词。

　　【解题思路】在一个橱窗内应用in a shop window。

　　3. so后的very去掉 【命题意图】考查副词。

　　【解题思路】句型so...that...中so是副词，形容词前不可再加very等副词修饰，故so后的very去掉。

　　4. looks → looking 【命题意图】考查非谓语动词。

　　【解题思路】after是介词，该句的主语是look的执行者。

　　5. where → that或去掉where 【命题意图】考查宾语从句。

　　【解题思路】此处是宾语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，应用that引导或者省去引导词。

　　6. begun → began 【命题意图】考查动词形式。

　　【解题思路】began与前面的was scared是并列的谓语动词，在人称和时态上应保持一致，句子的主语Tony是began的动作执行者。

　　7. telling → told 【命题意图】考查动词时态。

　　【解题思路】told与前面的saw是并列的谓语动词，在人称和时态上应保持一致。

　　【易错警示】该题容易将telling看成与crying并列而出现错误。判断该题主要参考主语，told是主语发出的动作，不是him。

　　8. a → the 【命题意图】考查冠词。

　　【解题思路】此处的shop是第二次出现，应用定冠词。

　　9. parents前加his 【命题意图】考查代词。

　　【解题思路】本句的主语是Tony，应用his作parents的定语。故parents前加his。

　　10. terrible→ terribly 【命题意图】考查副词。

　　【解题思路】worried是形容词，应用副词修饰。

　　【技巧点拨】形容词修饰名词或在不定代词后修饰不定代词，如：A very clever boy一个非常聪明的男孩；something serious严重的事情；副词修饰形容词或动词以及介词短语：thank you very much非常感谢您(very much为副词短语修饰动词thank)，terribly sorry非常遗憾等。

　　3.（2015·四川）

　　1. want后加to 【解题思路】不定式误用。want to do想做某事。

　　2. tell改为told 【解题思路】时态误用。根据last time可知应用一般过去时。

　　3. friend改为friends 【解题思路】名词单复数误用。“三个新朋友”应用名词复数。

　　4. sing改为singing 【解题思路】动名词误用。spend time doing花时间做某事。

　　5. many改为much 【解题思路】代指不可数名词“很多钱”，应用much。

　　6. so改为but 【解题思路】并列连词误用。两句之间为转折关系，应用but。

　　7. How改为What 【解题思路】疑问词误用。本处意为“你认为我应该做什么”。

　　8. are改为were 【解题思路】虚拟语气误用。与当前事实相反，if虚拟从句应用一般过去时，be动词一律用were。

　　9. him改为them 【解题思路】代词误用。代指“三个新朋友”应用them。

　　10. 去掉help后面的with 【解题思路】介词误用。help为及物动词，直接加宾语，应去掉with。

　　Ⅱ语法填空

　　1. 文章主要介绍了中国云南阳朔的自然美景。

　　1. arrived 【命题意图】考查时态。

　　【解题思路】根据上下文语境可知应用一般过去时，故填arrived。

　　2. before/earlier 【命题意图】考查副词。

　　【解题思路】根据空前的a few hours和空后的had been home判断应是几个小时之前，故填before/earlier。

　　3. its 【命题意图】考查代词。

　　【解题思路】根据空后的名词短语choking smog判断应用it的形容词性物主代词形式，故填its。

　　4. that/which 【命题意图】考查定语从句。

　　【解题思路】根据空前的先行词waters以及空后的定语从句中缺少主语判断可知填that/which。

　　5. paintings 【命题意图】考查名词。

　　【解题思路】根据空前的so many判断可知空格是名词复数，故填paintings。

　　6. by 【命题意图】考查代词。

　　【解题思路】根据by car“乘小汽车”和前文的an hour away判断填by。

　　7. is 【命题意图】考查时态。

　　【解题思路】此处介绍阳朔的客观事实情况，应用一般现在时，故填is。

　　【易错警示】前面第一段是叙述过去的事实，这里叙述的是客观现实，往往让考生误以为是过去时。

　　8. conducted 【命题意图】考查非谓语动词。

　　【解题思路】travellers是conducted的动作承受者，应用过去分词短语作状语。故填conducted。

　　【举一反三】－ed分词作定语：－ed分词作定语一般表示一个被动或已经完成的动作，－ing分词表示一个主动或正在进行的动作，－ing分词的被动式则表示一个正在被进行的动作。像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。

　　9. regularly 【命题意图】考查副词。

　　【解题思路】空后arranges是动词，应填副词形式，故填regularly。

　　10. living 【命题意图】考查非谓语动词。

　　【解题思路】根据people是live的动作执行者判断填living。

　　【举一反三】－ing分词作定语：① 单个的－ing分词作定语一般前置，说明名词的性质、特征或用途等，－ing短语作定语一般后置；强调动作的单个－ing分词也常后置。② －ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在说话时该动作正在进行，否则，要用从句作定语。

　　2. 文章主要介绍的是美国西南部土著印第安人建造的adobe dwellings的优势和环保功能。

　　1. built 【命题意图】考查非谓语动词。

　　【解题思路】built修饰名词，the adobe dwellings是build的动作承受者，应用过去分词修饰，该句的谓语动词是are admired，故填built。

　　2. the 【命题意图】考查冠词。

　　【解题思路】根据空后形容词最高级most modern判断，形容词的最高级前应用定冠词the。

　　【举一反三】定冠词the的用法：①表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：He bought an English－Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good.②用于单数可数名词前，表示整体或类别。如：The panda is a rare animal.此句等于：A panda is a rare animal. ＝ Pandas are rare animals.③用来表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：the sun，the moon，the sky，the earth，the world等。④用于表示阶级，党派的名词前。如：the Chinese Communist Party，the working class the proletariat 无产阶级。⑤ 常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。用于许多江海，山脉，群岛等名词前：A. The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific Ocean. B. 用于由普通名词构成的国名：The People's Republic of China the United States. C. 用于机关，团体，朝代，时代，报刊杂志等名词前： the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty the People's Daily. ⑥用于表示方位的名词前。如：the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left.

　　【技巧点拨】牢记定冠词的常见用法并灵活应用。

　　3. ability 【命题意图】考查名词。

　　【解题思路】根据空前的their判断应用able的名词形式，故填ability。

　　4. using 【命题意图】考查非谓语动词。

　　【解题思路】根据空前是without判断应用动词的－ing形式，故填using。

　　5. slowly 【命题意图】考查副词。

　　【解题思路】根据空前的动词短语give out that heat判断应用副词修饰，故填slowly。

　　6. to cool 【命题意图】考查非谓语动词。

　　【解题思路】根据句型“be ＋ 形容词＋enough ＋不定式”判断填to cool。

　　7. at 【命题意图】考查介词。

　　【解题思路】根据固定短语at the same time判断填at。

　　8. goes 【命题意图】考查主谓一致。

　　【解题思路】根据前后语境可知应用一般现在时，主语为the cycle，谓语动词应用单数第三人称，故填goes。

　　9. natural 【命题意图】考查形容词。

　　【解题思路】空后architect是名词，应填形容词形式，故填natural。

　　10. how 【命题意图】考查宾语从句。

　　【解题思路】根据空后的宾语从句中缺少方式状语判断填how。

　　3.（2015·上海）

　　(A)

　　本文是篇记叙文。作者“赠人玫瑰，手有余香”，因为心情好，让一位女士将车停在本来自己可以停车的车位；走出超市后，又帮助了一个流浪者。女士被作者的精神所感动将自己母亲本打算捐给慈善协会的装有一条金项链的盒子送给了作者。

　　1. As/Because/Since 【命题意图】考查连词用法。

　　【解题思路】be in a good mood心情好。作者因为当时心情很好，于是让那位女士将车停在本来自己可以停车的车位里。此空填的连词表示“原因”，引导原因状语从句。所以答案为As/Because/Since。

　　【易错警示】本题易填So或And，填错的原因是以为本句是承接前句的。此空前面是句号，作者让这位女士将车停在此车位的原因不是此空的前句所述而是因为自己当时心情很好。

　　2. emptied 【命题意图】考查动词的用法。

　　【解题思路】此空是本句的谓语动词，本句是一个主语和两个并列谓语组成的简单句。根据第二个谓语动词的形式helped可知此空也要用过去式，意思为“倒空，掏空”。所以答案为emptied。

　　【易错警示】本题考生可能填成was empty。empty很多是时候是作为一个形容词“空的”表示一个物体的状态，而空前的主语是I，英语中很多形容词都可以作及物动词。例如Come in and warm yourself by the fire.“进来烤火暖和暖和吧”。I emptied out my pockets but could not find out my keys.我掏空了口袋但是并没有找到钥匙。 He emptied his glass and asked for a refill. 他清空了玻璃杯要求重新倒满。He emptied the ashtrays, washed the glasses and went to bed.他倒掉烟灰缸里的灰，洗完杯子就上床睡觉了。

　　3. an 【命题意图】考查冠词用法。

　　【解题思路】give sb sth给某人某物；an odd look一种奇怪的表情。odd 读音以元音音素开头。所以填an。

　　4. looking 【命题意图】考查动词用法。

　　【解题思路】固定短语see sb doing sth看见某人在做某事。作者正要上车时看到那位女士在看着自己。

　　【易错警示】本题容易填成look。see sb do sth意思是“看见某人做了某事”。

　　【举一反三】see sb doing sth 看见某人做某事(其中一部分过程)，如：

　　When I passed her room, I saw her cleaning her room.(看到一部分)

　　see sb do sth 看见某人做某事(全部过程或全过程持续时间很短)，如：

　　I saw him pick an apple.(pick an apple持续时间很短)

　　I saw him go into the room.(强调全部过程)

　　see sb do sth 改成被动为：sb be seen to do sth，

　　see sb to do sth不符合英语表达习惯。

　　5. might/may

　　【命题意图】考查情态动词。

　　【解题思路】句意：这听起来可能有些疯狂。根据句意结合上下文可知答案。

　　6. like 【命题意图】考查介词用法。

　　【解题思路】此句的意思是：你恰好非常像她。女士认为作者像她母亲一样都有着助人为乐的精神。like sb像某人一样，所以答案为like。

　　7. Shocked 【命题意图】考查非谓语动词用法。

　　【解题思路】此空是动词shock的非谓语形式，用此过去分词形式表示“感到惊讶”，是主语I的一种状态。所以本题答案为shocked。

　　【举一反三】I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我很震惊。

　　8. the nicest 【命题意图】考查形容词用法。

　　【解题思路】句意：这是我收到过的最好的礼物。gift后有个定语从句限定来表示名词所在的范围内的特指，因此，此空不能填表示泛指的a nice。此处表示形容词的最高级，从后半句was from a complete stranger也能得以验证此空表示最高级的意思。所以答案填the nicest。

　　(B)

　　本文是篇书信体的应用文。在信中，作者叙述了她丈夫的“手机依赖症”给他们旅途带来了很多的困扰。

　　1. to check 【命题意图】考查非谓语动词。

　　【解题思路】句意：他总是有要看手机信息的冲动。此空为动词不定式作后置定语。所以答案为to check。

　　【易错警示】本题易填成check。错填的原因是受have sb do sth“让某人做某事”的影响，此词组中的have是使役动词“使，让”，而本句中的have是“有”的意思。

　　2. that 【命题意图】考查同位语从句。

　　【解题思路】此空是that引导的一个同位语从句，表示idea 的具体内容。

　　【举一反三】关于同位语从句

　　同位语部分是个句子，就是同位语从句，这种用法比较“固定”。

　　(1)在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。

　　I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。

　　(2)可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words(消息)，possibility, decision等(一般的“抽象”名词都可用)。

　　I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。

　　(3) 英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that，whether，连接代词what，who。连接副词how，when，where等。(注：if不能引导同位语从句。)

　　He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。

　　(4)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。

　　The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想起敌人可能已经逃出城了。

　　3. as if/as though 【命题意图】考查连词用法。

　　【解题思路】句意：他有点无聊时就需要看看手机的信息，即使他自己也知道他不该那么做。此空是as if/as though引导的方式状语从句。所以答案as if/as though。

　　【举一反三】as if, as though

　　这两个复合从属连词的用法和意义完全一样，但as if 在当代英语中比 as though 普通得多。

　　1)as if 引出的方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时，通常用直陈语气。如：

　　It looks as if they have succeeded in the experiment.看来他们好像试验成功了。

　　2) as if 引出的方式状语从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观想象或夸大性的比喻时，通常用虚拟语气。从句中谓语动词一般用过去时，be动词常用were，但在现代英语中也常见到单数 was的情况。如：

　　The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.这位满头长发的男青年看上去像个女的。

　　The injured man acted as if nothing had happened to him.这位受伤的男子表现得好像没发生什么事一样。

　　3)as if 引出的方式状语从句，当主句谓语是过去时态时，从句谓语形式常常没有什么特殊之处。如：

　　The lady felt as if she lost something.这位女士觉得好像丢了什么东西。

　　He was singing as though / if he hadn't had / didn't have a care in the world.他唱着歌，似乎无忧无虑。

　　4)as if 引导的同一从句中所用的时态不同，意思往往不同。请比较：

　　* The clown looks as if he were ill.那个小丑好像害病似的。(虚拟语气)

　　* The clown looked as if he had been ill.那个小丑过去好像生过病。(过去生过病或虚拟语气)

　　4. who 【命题意图】考查代词的用法。

　　【解题思路】句意：那种想知道谁正在联系他的诱惑真的十分强烈。此空是who引导的see后面的宾语从句。所以答案who。

　　5. ignoring 【命题意图】考查动词的用法。

　　【解题思路】stop doing sth停止正在做的事情；stop to do sth停下来去做某事。作者的丈夫经常玩手机而忽视了她，她希望丈夫不要这样做，就是“停止忽视我”的意思。所以答案为ignoring。

　　【方法点拨】stop to do sth 意思是“停下来开始做另外一件事”，如： He stop to clean his room. stop doing sth 意思是“停止做某事”，如： He stop cleaning his room.

　　6. someone/somebody 【命题意图】考查不定代词用法。

　　【解题思路】句意：但是他仍然忍不住要去看看网上是否有某个人发了什么新内容。someone/somebody以及后面的something 都是表示泛指的不定代词。所以答案为someone/somebody。

　　7. has been interrupted/is being interrupted/is interrupted 【命题意图】考查动词时态。

　　【解题思路】句意：我们的生活受到了干扰。用现在完成时或现在进行时或一般现在时，都符合本句的意思，但都要用其被动形式。

　　8. which 【命题意图】考查定语从句。

　　【解题思路】这里是which引导的非限制性定语从句来补充说明前面的“nomophobia”。

　　Ⅲ阅读填空

　　1.【文章大意文章大意