2016届牛津英语第二轮复习 限时训练 第23讲 短文和表格信息的理解

　　第二十三讲　短文和表格信息的理解

　　(1)(10 min.)

　　(2011·湖南卷)A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertainment. For teenagers, many informative resources on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teenagers, because they can help make one's life easier.

　　Education websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a college. Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doing homework. Some can help find the right schools based on one's interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each of the colleges or the specific activities that occur at a certain school.

　　Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, jazz and country. One can type in a song，category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. Then, the listener can make multiple playlists without creating an account(账户) with the site.

　　There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums or create an account with the website to upload their art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art projects that people have created on display for the rest of the world.

　　Truly informative resources are offered on the Internet. The best suggestion one can receive is to try to look for new websites that can help in the educational, music, or art area, so one can become well­rounded and informed.

　　Truly Helpful Websites for Teenagers

　　Many 1.__________ are available on various websites.

　　Ⅰ. Educational sites: helping one 2.__________ and search for a college

　　·Study for tests, explain a lesson, and do homework

　　·Find the right school that one 3.__________

　　·Learn information about college social life and 4.__________

　　Ⅱ. Free music sites: 5.__________ to diversify musical tastes

　　·Listen to all types of music

　　·Type in a song, category, or artist to get an entire catalog

　　·Make multiple playlists 6.__________

　　Ⅲ. 7.__________： helping one appreciate and create works

　　·View photos and works from mediums

　　· 8.__________ for others to see

　　· 9.__________ on display

　　Helpful websites can make teenagers 10.__________

　　(2)(12 min.)

　　(2010·湖南卷)An apprenticeship is a form of on­the­job training that combines workplace experience and classroom learning. It can last anywhere from one to six years, but four years is typical for most. An apprentice spends the majority of the time in a workplace environment learning the practical skills of a career from a journeyman — someone who has done the job for many years. The rest of the apprentice's time is spent in a classroom environment learning the theoretical skills the career requires. Being an apprentice is a full­time undertaking.

　　One of the advantages of apprenticeship is that it does not cost apprentices anything. The companies that hire them pay for school. What's more, it offers apprentices an “earn while you learn” opportunity. They usually start out at half the pay of a journeyman, and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies. Near the end of the apprenticeship, their wages are usually 90 percent of what a journeyman would receive. Apprenticeship also pays off for employers. It can offer employers a pool of well­trained workers to draw from.

　　Despite the advantages, apprentices are usually required to work during the day and attend classes at night, which leaves little time for anything else. Sometimes, they might be laid off(下岗) if business for the employers is slow.

　　Once they have completed the apprenticeship and become journeymen, they receive a nationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again. Some journeymen continue employment with the companies they apprenticed with; others go onto different companies or become self­employed contractors.

　　(3)(13 min.)

　　(衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考试卷)

　　An altimeter(测高计)is an instrument used in an airplane to tell the pilot how high he is flying. The altimeter used in most airplanes is a kind of barometer(气压计),

　　which, like barometers found in ordinary homes, is a measuring instrument for air pressure. The weight of the atmosphere presses downwards everywhere. At sea level this pressure is more than 14 pounds on every square inch of the surface. The higher you go into the air, the lower the air pressure is. An altimeter measures this air pressure to show the altitude of the airplane, or, how high it is above sea level.

　　But the altimeter does not show how high the plane is above the ground. A plane might be flying at an altitude of 15, 000 feet, but it would be only a thousand feet or so above the ground if the land in that area happened to be 14, 000 feet above sea level.

　　The pilot adjusts his altimeter to the actual sea­level pressure before setting out from the airport and then corrects it in flight according to new information given to him by radio. He flies high enough to be above any mountain he may pass on his course. The barometer altimeter is correct within about 300 feet.

　　Another kind of altimeter, the radio altimeter, makes use of radio reflections. It calculates the height of the flying plane by sending out electrical signals to the surface below and measuring the time required for them to bounce back(反弹). It is correct within 15 feet over water, but is not reliable over land. Big planes usually have both kinds of altimeter.Title: 1. ____________

　　2. ____________ An instrument used in an airplane to tell the pilot 3. ____________ of the craft.

　　4. ____________

　　5. ____________

　　The radio altimeter

　　How it works by 6. ____________ to show the altitude of the airplane, or the height above sea level by giving out 7. ____________to the surface below and measuring the time required for them to bounce back

　　How to

　　8. ____________ adjust it to the actual sea­level pressure before the plane 9. ____________.

　　correct it in flight according to new information.

　　/

　　Requirements within 10. ____________ within 15 feet over water

　　(4)(12 min.)

　　(师大附中2012届高三月考)

　　What is e­learning? E­learning is essentially the computer and network­enabled transfer of skills and knowledge, whose content is delivered via the Internet, audio or video tape, satellite TV, and CD­ROM.

　　E­learning dates back to the early 1960s when Stanford University psychology professors Patrick Suppes experimented with using computers to teach math. As early as 1997 William D. Graziadei published an article which described developing an overall strategy for technology­based course development and management for an educational system. Today people are using many technologies in e­learning, blogs and virtual classrooms included.

　　There are different types of e­learning that are available. Some educational experts suggest that different types or forms of e­learning can be considered as a continuum, from no e­learning, i．e. no use of computers or the Internet for teaching and learning, through classroom aids, such as making classroom lecture Powerpoint slides available to students and through a course website, to laptop programs, where students are required to bring laptops to class and use them as part of a face­to­face class, to mixed learning, where classroom time is reduced but not eliminated, with more time devoted to online learning, to fully online learning, which is a form of distance education.

　　Due to the effectiveness of e­learning methods, this type of learning methodology is rapidly becoming popular among schools. By 2006, 3.5 million students had participated in learning courses through the Internet at institutions of higher education in the United States. Alien and Seamen claim that almost a quarter of all students in post­secondary education were taking fully online courses in 2008, and a report by Ambient Insight Research suggests that in 2009, 44 per cent of post­secondary students in the USA were taking some or all of their courses online, and some professors predicted that this figure would have been doubled by 2016. Thus it can be seen that e­learning is moving rapidly from the margins to being a predominant form of postsecondary education.

　　E­learning has created a new paradise in education and it has greatly complemented our traditional methods and thus it has brought students a lot of advantages. We expect much more growth in adoptions of it in schools.

　　An 1. ____________ to E­learning

　　Ⅰ. Definition: Transfer of skills and knowledge 2. ________ of computer and network, etc.

　　Ⅱ. History of E­learning:

　　·In the early 1960s: An experiment 3. ____________ conducted by using computers

　　·As early as 1997: 4. ____________ developing an overall strategy published

　　·Today: Many technologies 5. ____________ in e­learning

　　Ⅲ. Types of E­learning Services:

　　·6. ____________ : Laptops used as part of a face­to­face class

　　·Mixed learning: 7. ____________ and more time spent online

　　·Fully online learning: A form of distance education

　　Ⅳ. The 8. ____________ in Higher Education

　　·By 2006: 3.5 million students participating in online learning

　　·In 2008: 25% of all students taking fully online education

　　·In 2009: 44% of students taking all their courses online

　　·By 2016: 9. ____________ of students taking online courses

　　Ⅴ. More growth in adoptions of e­learning is wanted because it can get students 10. ____________ it.