2016年高考英语总复习：5-2《Unit 2 The environment》课件（牛津译林版）

　　As far as I'm concerned

　　convinced

　　to vote

　　convince

　　of

　　Buried in the sands

　　four times the size of

　　is three times what it was

　　Do be more careful

　　some of which

　　Unit 2　The environment

　　Large areas of the world are damaged by 1.________waste. Many places have been destroyed and many plants and animals have died. Factories produce large 2.________of poisonous chemicals. The waste goes into the 3.________ and flows into our water. Many rivers are full of chemicals and many sea creatures are killed. Being 4.________as being against the environment. Many sea creatures are being 5.________out by fishing boats. Knowing that a healthy environment and a 6.________ economy should be possible at the same time. Human beings keep producing more and more people and they need more food to eat. People are very concerned about the environment. Controlling the amount of polluting factories and industries produce. Spending money repairing the damage they cause. 7.________ Trying to cut back on production. Recycling may be the key to helping both sides. Reducing the amount of things we make and buy. 8.________more effective laws to preserve the environment. Controlling how many trees are cut down.

　　Controlling fish boats. Thinking more about recycling. Factories have to 10.________ higher taxes if they pollute the environment. 9.________people about environmentally friendly ways of living. Creating more jobs and helping the economy at the same time. survived from

　　debated

　　In the debate

　　express himself

　　by express

　　a great deal of

　　lay

　　► 易混辨析 lay/lie 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 意义 lay laid laid laying 产卵；放置 lie lay lain lying 位于，躺 lie lied lied lying 说谎

　　Ⅰ.单词拓展

　　1．________ vt.&vi.回收利用

　　2．________ n．管子，管道

　　3．________ adj.贪婪的，贪心的

　　4．________ n．(尤指上层)商界上员；企业家

　　5．________ n．责任，职责

　　6．________ n．看法；信念自我诊断：

　　1.recycle　2.pipe　3.greedy　4.businessman　5.responsibility　6.belief　

　　7．________ adj.环境的

　　8．________ vt.&vi.经营；动手术

　　9．________ n．赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分

　　10．________ n．数量

　　11．________ adj.原始的，未经加工或处理的

　　12．________ n．海味，海鲜7.environmental　8.operate　9.credit　10.quantity　11.raw　12.seafood

　　13．________ adj.愿意的，乐意的

　　14．________ n．税，税款

　　15．________ n．商品，货品

　　16．________ n．环境保护论者，环境论者→__________adj.环境的，与环境有关的→________n．环境，周围状况

　　17．________ n．&vi.辩论，争论，争辩→________v．(近义词)争辩13.willing　14.tax　15.goods　16.environmentalist　environmental　environment　17.debate　argue

　　18．________ n．保护；保存→________v．保护

　　19．________ adj.工业的→________n．工业，制造业

　　20．________ n．污染→________vt.污染→________adj.遭受污染的，被污染的

　　21．________ n．责任，职责→________adj.负有责任的，应承担责任的

　　22．________ adj.有效的→________n．有效，结果，影响18.preservation　preserve　19.industrial　industry　20.pollution　pollute　polluted　21.responsibility　responsible　22.effective　effect

　　23．________ vt.使失望→________adj.失望的→________adj.令人失望的→________n.

　　24．________ n．可耻的事(或人)；羞耻；羞愧→________adj.可耻的，丢脸的

　　25．________ vt.建立→________n．机构，单位；建立，设立

　　23.disappoint　disappointed　disappointing　disappointment　24.shame　shameful　25.establish　establishment　

　　26．________ vt.危及→________n．危险→________adj.危险的

　　27．________vt.保留，保存→________n．保留；预定

　　28．________vt.禁止→________v．(近义词)禁止26.endanger　danger　dangerous　27.reserve　reservation　28.prohibit　ban

　　Ⅱ.短语记忆

　　1．________________　对……关心

　　2．________________

　　与……有关

　　3．________________

　　把……看作

　　4．________________

　　记在心上

　　5．________________

　　致力于，献身于

　　6．________________

　　挑选出1.be concerned about　2.be concerned with　3.think of...as...　4.keep in mind　5.be devoted to6．pick out

　　7．________________

　　用尽

　　8．________________

　　排放

　　9．________________

　　放出；泄露；出租

　　10．________________

　　让……沮丧

　　11．________________

　　尤其，特别

　　12．________________

　　尽自己的职责

　　13．________________

　　在……中起重要作用7.use up　8.let off　9.let out　10.let down　11.in particular　12.do one's part　13.play an important part in

　　Ⅲ.句型搜索

　　1．______________Ms Lin Shuiqing，from the Green Society，and Mr Qian Liwei，__________________.

　　和我在一起的嘉宾是来自绿色社团的林水清小姐和商业拓展顾问——钱立伟先生。

　　2．It is our duty________________production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.

　　尽量削减生产和减少制造和购买物品的数量是我们的职责。1.With me are　a business development consultant

　　2．to try to cut back on

　　3．______________you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.

　　很清楚你对我们的环境现状很担忧。

　　4．__________I'm here to say is ________having worked with many environmental consultants，I know________a healthy environment and development should be possible at the same time.

　　在这里我想说的是，我一直和很多环保咨询师合作，所以我知道，健康的环境和发展是可能同时并存的。

　　3.It is clear that　4.What　that　that

　　5．Ms Lin ________we should cut back on __________things we produce ________save the environment.

　　林小姐建议我们为保护环境应缩减生产数量。5.suggested　the quantity of　in order to

　　Ⅳ.课本链接(根据课文信息填空)

　　The economy or the environment—must we choose？

　　Lin Shuiqing Qian Liwei

　　自我诊断：

　　1.industrial　2.amounts　3.atmosphere　4.regarded　5.wiped　6.stable　7.Suggestions　8.Needing　9.Teaching　10.pay

　　第一板块　词汇精讲

　　1．survival n．生存

　　【教材原句】A healthy environment is important for our survival.

　　一个健康的环境对于我们的生存是很重要的。

　　Life is a chain of moments of enjoyment，not only about survival.

　　生活是一连串享受快乐的时刻，而不仅仅是为了生存。

　　There seemed no hope of survival.

　　似乎没有了生存的希望。

　　► 归纳拓展

　　survive v．继续生存

　　survive from sth./on sth.存活，继续存在

　　survivor n．幸存者

　　Some strange customs have                                    earlier times.

　　有些奇怪的风俗是从很早以前留存下来的。

　　2．debate n．&vi.辩论，争论，讨论

　　【教材原句】Today's debate question is，‘The economy or the environment—must we choose？’

　　我们今天辩论的话题是“要经济还是要环境——我们必须做出抉择吗？”

　　After a long debate，the House of Commons approved the bill.

　　经过长时间的辩论，下议院通过了议案。

　　How much this explains their behavior，though，is a subject of debate.

　　但这对他们的行为能解释多少仍是个有争议的问题。

　　This is a question that they have often                   .

　　这是个他们常讨论的问题。

　　This point has no room to debate.

　　这一点是没有争论余地的。

　　                            ，the two sides argued about the environment and the host suggested that they should discuss this problem later.

　　在辩论中，双方关于环境问题进行了激烈的争执，然后主持人建议以后再讨论这个问题。

　　3．express

　　【教材原句】If you have any questions or comments，you can use this time to express them.

　　如果大家有任何问题或评论，可以利用这段时间来发表见解。

　　(1)vt.意为“表达”“表示”等，通常不接双宾语。

　　He expressed his thanks to her.

　　他对她表示了谢意。

　　► 归纳拓展

　　(1)express oneself表达自己的意思、思想、感情等。

　　(2)express其后一般不接that­从句，但可接疑问词引导的从句。

　　He is still unable to                                      in English.

　　他还不能用英语表达自己的意思。

　　I can't express(to you)how grateful I am for your help.

　　你对我的帮助，我感激不尽。

　　(2)adj.表示运送或传递等迅速的或快捷的。

　　an express train(快车)，an express letter(快信)

　　(3)adv.表示用快递寄送或乘快车等。

　　The parcel was sent express.

　　这包裹是用快递寄的。

　　(4)n.表示快车或快递等。

　　The letter was sent                        .

　　这信是用快递寄的。

　　4．amount n．数量，总额

　　【教材原句】Factories produce large amounts of harmful chemicals.

　　很多工厂都在排放大量有害的化学物质。

　　The body cannot tolerate such large amounts of radiation.

　　身体经不住那么多的辐射。

　　► 归纳拓展

　　表示“大量”的短语

　　(1)常修饰可数名词：a great/good many，a(large，great)number of，many a

　　(2)常修饰不可数名词：a great/good deal of，a great amount of

　　(3)常修饰可数或不可数名词：a lot of，lots of，plenty of，a large/great quantity of ，quantities of

　　A large amount of practice is necessary to learn English well.

　　要学好英语，大量的练习是必要的。

　　A good many young men left their jobs voluntarily.

　　许多男青年自愿地离开了他们的工作。

　　After several years' self study he acquired                                     knowledge.

　　经过几年的自学，他得到了不少知识。

　　A lot of big trees were blown down last night.

　　昨天晚上许多大树被刮倒了。

　　Pleny of food was left for the next two weeks.

　　未来两个星期的食物足够了。

　　5．lay vt.产卵；下蛋；放置，摆放

　　【教材原句】These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs.

　　这些捕捞船捕捞大量的鱼而不给它们产卵的时间。

　　Some fish are very fertile；they lay thousands of eggs.

　　有些鱼非常多产，能产成千上万的卵。

　　Please           the table for dinner.请摆放桌子准备吃饭。

　　► 巧学助记

　　破译lie/lay

　　There lay a boy lying that the cock laid an egg in his house.

　　那儿躺着一个小男孩撒谎说公鸡在他家下了一只蛋。

　　6．result in导致，引起

　　【教材原句】This will result_in a smaller number of fish left for us to eat in the future.

　　这就导致以后供我们食用的鱼的数量会更少。

　　Be certain that any released hot water does not result in bodily injury or property damage.

　　要确保任何释放出来的热水不会导致人体伤害或财产损失。His carelessness resulted in his failure in entering his ideal college.

　　他的粗心导致他没进入他理想的大学。

　　►易混辨析

　　result in/result from/as a result(of)

　　(1)result in引起；导致；产生，侧重于结果，即in后面接导致的结果。

　　(2)result from起因于；由……产生；是……的结果，更侧重于强调起因，即from后面接事情的起因。

　　(3)as a result(of)结果；由于，因为

　　The accident resulted in three people being killed.

　　这起事故导致三人丧生。

　　Everything has resulted from

　　his efforts.

　　一切都是他努力的结果。

　　7．be concerned about关心，挂念

　　【教材原句】It is clear that you are very concerned_about the present situation of our environment.

　　很显然，你对我们的环境现状很担忧。

　　Please don't be concerned about me.请不要为我担心。

　　► 归纳拓展

　　be concerned with牵涉到，与……有关，参与

　　be concerned in和……有牵连

　　as far as...be concerned就……而言，依……之见

　　My nose often bleeds.Is it concerned with my illness?

　　我的鼻子老流血。这与我的病情有关吗？

　　                                                             ，the whole idea is crazy.

　　在我看来，这一想法十分荒唐。

　　8．convince vt.使确信，信服

　　【教材原句】While reading or listening to a debate，remember that each speaker's speech is meant to convince you.

　　在读或听一场辩论时，切记每个发言者都试图在说服你。

　　What she said convinced me that I was wrong.

　　她的一番话使我认识到我错了。

　　► 归纳拓展

　　convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事

　　convince(sb./oneself)that使(某人/自己)相信……

　　convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事

　　What                         you                  for them?

　　究竟是什么让你愿意投他们的票？

　　How can I                    you        her honesty?

　　我怎么才能使你相信她很诚实呢？

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．Which trade show would be the most________(有益的)for us to attend?

　　答案：beneficial

　　2．What are the________(责任)of a tourist guide?

　　答案：responsibilities

　　3．We have________(建立)diplomatic relations with many countries.

　　答案：established

　　4．I would like to express my________(感激)to you all.

　　答案：appreciation

　　5．Building the proposed new road would be________(环境地)damaging.

　　答案：environmentally

　　6．The temperature in Kunming usually________(在某范围内变化)between 15℃ and 25℃.

　　答案：ranges

　　7．Now shall we get down to the matters________(有关的)shipping?

　　答案：concerning

　　8．Her exam results were________(令人失望的)but she tried to put a brave face on it.

　　答案：disappointing

　　9．The wind energy________(资源)is also rich in Xinjiang.

　　答案：resource

　　10．A new town has grown up in this________(工业的)district.

　　答案：industrial

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　1．National spirit is the moral kingpin on which a nation relies for________and development.

　　A．survival　B．life

　　C．increase

　　D．growth

　　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：民族精神是一个民族赖以生存和发展的精神支撑。survival意为“生存”；life意为“生活”；increase意为“增加”；growth意为“生长”。故选A。

　　答案：A

　　2．The manager had fallen asleep where he________，without undressing.

　　A．was laying

　　B．was lying

　　C．had laid

　　D．had lied

　　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：经理没脱衣服就在他躺的地方睡着了。lie作“躺”讲，分词形式为lying。故选B。

　　答案：B

　　3．The wounded girl is still________where she was________.

　　A．laying；laid

　　B．lying；laid

　　C．laid；laying

　　D．lying；lain

　　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：那个受伤的姑娘仍旧躺在她被放置的地方。第一空lie作“躺”讲，其现在分词应是lying；第二空用lay(放置)的过去分词形式。故选B。

　　答案：B

　　4．Politicians will be________this bill over this week.

　　A．debating

　　B．quarrelling

　　C．arguing

　　D．discussing

　　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：政治家们将在本周晚些时候讨论这个议案。指正式的讨论，一般用debate。故选A。

　　答案：A

　　5．The scientist________that there would be a rainstorm the next week，and it did happen.

　　A．predicted

　　B．varied

　　C．observed

　　D．debated

　　解析：句意：科学家预言说下周要有暴风雨，果然应验了。predict预言；vary不同；observe观察；debate辩论。故选A。

　　答案：A

　　6．There is________coal in this area.

　　A．a great deal

　　B．a lots of

　　C．quite a few

　　D．a large amount of

　　解析：coal为不可数名词，A项和B项都是结构性的错误；C项只修饰可数名词复数。a large amount of修饰不可数名词。故选D。

　　答案：D

　　7．________student failed in the test.

　　A．Many

　　B．Many a

　　C．Quite a little

　　D．A large quantity of

　　解析：many a＋名词单数，表示“许多”；many和a large quantity of修饰可数名词的复数形式。故选B。

　　答案：B

　　8．________money has been spent on the environmental protection.

　　A．A great deal

　　B．A great deal of

　　C．A lot

　　D．Quite a few

　　解析：考查名词限定词。句意：在环境保护上投入了大量的金钱。a great deal of修饰不可数名词money。故选B。

　　答案：B

　　9．She is concerned________your safety.

　　A．with

　　B．in

　　C．about

　　D．at

　　解析：考查介词短语。句意：她担心你的安全。be concerned with(in)意为“牵涉，涉及”；be concerned about意为“关心，挂念”。故选C。

　　答案：C

　　10．Although the used car seems in good________，it cannot run too fast.

　　A．position

　　B．situation

　　C．condition

　　D．occasion

　　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：尽管这旧车看起来状况很好，但不能开得太快。in good condition状况良好，故选C。

　　答案：C

　　11．You can't________her of your sincerity.

　　A．warn

　　B．remind

　　C．persuade

　　D．convince

　　解析：句意：无论怎么样你也无法使她相信你是真心实意的。warn sb.of sth.警告某人当心某事；remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事；persuade sb.of sth.说服某人某事；convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事。故选D。

　　答案：D

　　Ⅲ.完成句子

　　1．我终日与他争辩不休，但说服不了他。

　　I argued with him all day without being able to________him.

　　答案：convince

　　2．但那种声音又清晰地传来，使他确信这不是自己的幻觉。

　　The sound was repeated distinctly enough to________him________its reality.

　　答案：convince；of

　　3．Hard work will________(导向)success.

　　答案：result in

　　4．This will________(导致)schoolchildren working under greater pressure.

　　答案：result in

　　5．This very successful effort did not________(起因于)breaking through of technology.

　　答案：result from

　　6．Nothing will________(是……的结果)their airy plans.

　　答案：result from

　　7．________(结果)，Gu Yue won the final match.

　　答案：As a result

　　8．大家在会上畅所欲言。

　　Everyone is free to________ ________at the meeting.

　　答案：express themselves

　　9．他向我们表达了他对新老师的看法。

　　He________________ he had been thinking of his new teacher.

　　答案：expressed to us what

　　10．All the people________(涉及到)this case will be questioned by the police.

　　答案：concerned with

　　11．____________(在我看来)，the novel is not well worth reading.

　　答案：As far as I'm concerned

　　第二板块　句型巧析

　　1．With_me_are_Ms_Lin_Shuiqing，from the Green Society，and Mr Qian Liwei，a business development consultant.和我一起的嘉宾是来自绿色社团的林水清小姐和商业拓展顾问钱立伟先生。

　　本句是一个倒装句，因为句子主语过长，为了避免头重脚轻，所以采取倒装的形式。正常语序为：Ms Lin Shuiqing，from the Green Society，and Mr Qian Liwei，a business development consultant are with me.。

　　► 归纳拓展

　　倒装结构

　　(1)为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装。

　　(2)there be句型中(be可换成live，lie等表示状态的动词)，要用完全倒装。

　　(3)地点副词away，down，in，off，out，over，round，up等位于句首，且主语是名词时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常是表示动态的不及物动词。

　　(4)有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装。

　　Among these people was his friend Jim.

　　他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。

　　There are a lot of people in the hall.

　　大厅里有很多人。

　　Away went the runners.

　　赛跑选手们跑远了。

　　                                             was an ancient village.

　　一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。

　　2．The world's population has grown by six_times_what it was in 1800.目前世界人口与1800年的相比已经增长到那时的六倍。

　　1)本句使用了倍数表达法。

　　2)倍数表达法有以下五种句式结构：

　　(1)“A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B”。

　　This tree is three times as tall as that one.

　　这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。

　　(2)“A＋be＋倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋B”。

　　The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.

　　长江差不多比珠江长两倍。

　　(3)“A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词＋of＋B”。

　　The newly broadened square is                                             the previous one.

　　新扩建的广场是以前的四倍大。

　　(4)“The＋名词＋of＋A＋be＋倍数＋that＋of＋B”。

　　The population of this city is four times that of that one.

　　这个城市的人口是那个城市人口的四倍。

　　(5)“The＋名词＋倍数＋名词性从句”。

　　The production this year                                                    last year.

　　今年的产量是去年的三倍。

　　3．However，I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.但是，我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品，减少原材料的使用，因为原材料的供应正变得越来越紧张。

　　1)do用在肯定句或否定句以及祈使句中表示强调。

　　He did come here yesterday to visit you，but you were out.

　　他昨天确实来看你了，但你不在。

　　                                          while you are crossing the road.

　　过马路时务必细心。

　　2)of which引导的非限制性定语从句。

　　He told us a lot of stories，                                    were interesting.

　　他给我们讲了许多故事，其中一些是很有趣的。

　　【点津】

　　whose和of which/whom

　　二者都可引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作定语。

　　(1)whose可以代指人或物，放在名词前作定语。

　　(2)of which/whom放在名词后，也可放在不定代词后表示范围，作后置定语。which指物，whom指人。

　　The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

　　门坏的教室将会被修理好。(whose door＝the door of which)

　　单项填空

　　1．Tom，________here on time.I have something urgent to do.

　　A．isB．do be

　　C．does be

　　D．has been

　　解析：考查祈使句。句意：汤姆，务必准时来这里。我有急事要做。题干中Tom有“，”表明这是一个祈使句，祈使句必须要动词原形开头。故选B。

　　答案：B

　　2．(2012年天津卷)I wish to thank Professor Smith，without________help I would never have got this far.

　　A．who

　　B．whose

　　C．whom

　　D．which

　　解析：考查定语从句。句意：我要感谢Smith教授，没有他的帮助我决不会取得今天的成就。先行词为Professor Smith，与后面的名词help构成逻辑上的所属关系，故用whose来引导定语从句，所以答案为B。

　　答案：B

　　3．What a table！I've never seen such a thing before.It is______it is long.

　　A．half not as wide as B．wide not as half as

　　C．not half as wide as

　　D．as wide as not half

　　解析：考查倍数表达法。句意：这样的桌子！我从来没有见过。它的宽还不及长的一半。句子的结构是“...＋基数词＋times＋as＋原级＋as...”，故选C。

　　答案：C

　　4．At a rough estimate，Nigeria is________Great Britain.

　　A．three times the size as

　　B．the size three times of

　　C．three times as the size of

　　D．three times the size of

　　解析：句意：据粗略估计，尼日利亚是大不列颠大小的三倍。倍数句型的结构为：three times the size of。故选D。

　　答案：D

　　5．For a moment nothing happened.Then________all shouting together.

　　A．voices had come

　　B．came voices

　　C．voices would come

　　D．did voices come

　　解析：副词then位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装，故选B。

　　答案：B

　　6．—Listen，there________.

　　—Oh，yes.There________.

　　A．goes the bell；it goes

　　B．goes the bell；goes it

　　C．the bell goes；it goes

　　D．the bell goes；goes it

　　解析：当there用在句首，并且主语为名词时要倒装，但主语是人称代词时，句子不倒装。故选A。

　　答案：A

　　7．On the opposite wall________one map________dozens of pictures.

　　A．hang；including

　　B．are hung；together with

　　C．is hanged；with

　　D．is hanging；as well as

　　解析：作状语的介词短语放在句首，句子要用完全倒装；又由于hang作“(某物)悬挂在”讲时是不及物动词，不用于被动语态，排除B和C；又因one map与dozens of pictures没有包含关系，故排除A。

　　答案：D

　　8．(2011年陕西)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be________the present one.

　　A．as three times big as

　　B．three times as big as

　　C．as big as three times

　　D．as big three times as

　　解析：考查倍数的表达法。

　　答案：B