【三维设计】2017届高三英语二轮复习（通用版）课时跟踪检测：1、2卷灵活拆组卷（4）（含解析）

　　Ⅰ、卷灵活拆组卷(四)第卷专练(满分70分).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

　　A

　　(2016·湖北省八校联考)We do not usually think about how our language works. Talking is such a natural, everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works. When we do study our language, though, we are often surprised that we are able to understand our conversations. Words can mean so many different things. However, it turns out that the speaking situation helps a lot in making language work.

　　First, the speaking situation helps make words more particular. For example, the word “dog” can describe a dog that a speaker saw in a dream. It can also be used to discuss a neighbor's dog. No language has a separate word for the idea “dog that I saw yesterday” and another word for the idea “dog that I saw in a dream”. This is because the speaking situation makes it clear what speakers mean when they use words. So, when you have a conversation with your neighbor, the knowledge that you have a dog tells your neighbor what the word “dog” probably means in that situation.

　　The speaking situation also helps make language clearer. For example, the word “bank” has two possible meanings. It can mean “a place where people keep money”， but it can also mean “the side of a river”. So the sentence “I went to the bank” is not clear. It could mean I went to the side of the river or it could mean I went to the place where my money is kept. However, if the speaker is talking about fishing or going to the mountains, others probably know that “bank” means “the side of a river”．

　　The things that speakers say may not always be clear. Sometimes the words are not very particular, but the speaking situation can provide the meaning. Other times words may have many meanings. Then the speaking situation limits the right meaning. This extra knowledge from the situation is very important to understand language.

　　1．The passage is mainly about ________.

　　A．the best time and place to talk to others

　　B．how the speaking situation helps language work

　　C．what to say in difficult situations

　　D．how our language works

　　2．According to the passage, we can safely say that ________.

　　A．the speaking situation does not affect the meaning of words

　　B．speaking is not very natural for most people

　　C．the speaking situation is not important

　　D．people often do not consider how talking works

　　3．By using the example of the word “dog”， the writer wants to show that ________.

　　A．a word may need to be explained in a conversation

　　B．a word may have different meanings

　　C．the speaking situation helps people understand the particular meaning of a word

　　D．the meaning of words is not particular

　　4．According to the passage, we can know the meaning of the word “bank” by referring to ________.

　　A．the time and the place where the conversation happens

　　B．the occupation of the person who uses the word

　　C．earlier or later parts of the conversation

　　D．a reliable dictionary

　　B

　　“How are things back at the office？” one of the gentlemen in my bicycle tour group asked me as we were nearing the end of another lengthy ride through Croatia's scenic countryside.

　　“I assume they are going fine，” I said. “I haven't had any contact and I don't plan to.”

　　“Your phone isn't on？” he asked, incredulously. “You haven't checked your email？”

　　“My phone is off and no, I'm not planning on checking email，” I said.

　　My wife Heidi and I took our children, Daniel and Rachel, on a two­week trip to Croatia, one of the most beautiful countries in the world. We made the choice to spend some of our money on this wonderful experience so we could spend time bonding with each other and the kids.

　　Why would I destroy the environment we had traveled thousands of miles to create by bringing my work environment into it? That would be counter­productive to everything I wanted out of this trip. If I had worked during this experience, I would have taken time away from my family and sent them the message that work takes priority over them.

　　In addition to sharing this incredible experience, I wanted to take us all out of the activity­driven world we live in. If I had

　　had my cell phone on and been constantly searching out a wireless connection to keep up with the office, I would just have brought that hyper­connected enviroment into the peaceful, meaningful world I was trying to create.

　　In addition to creating lifelong memories with my family, another wonderful thing happened as

　　a result of this bike trip. As we were returning home, I was flooded with new ideas. I came up with concepts for nine blog posts and several ideas that I want to incorporate into my business.

　　Taking time off restored and rejuvenated me and allowed my creative spirit to really come to the surface. How can you accomplish that goal if you simply move the source of that stress to a different location?

　　5．From the conversation at the beginning of the text, we can infer that________.

　　A．the author had no access to the Internet during the tour

　　B．the gentleman was quite concerned about the author's

　　work

　　C．the author's phone was off because he didn't want to be disturbed

　　D．the speakers both experienced an unpleasant bicycle tour in Croatia

　　6．One of the purposes of the author's Croatia's bicycle tour is________.

　　A．to spend some time creating closer ties with his family

　　B．to experience a primitive life without phone calls

　　C．to tell his family that his work is more important for him

　　D．to escape from his boring work environment at the office

　　7．What would the author probably do after returning home from their bike trip?

　　A．He would be busy with all his office work again.

　　B．He would be caught in a big flood of new businesses.

　　C．He would have many new fresh ideas for his business.

　　D．He would make up for his missing blog posts during the journey.

　　8．The underlined word “rejuvenated” in the last paragraph means “________”．

　　A．get one exhausted

　　B．drive one mad

　　C．cause one to lose temper

　　D．make one more energetic

　　C

　　(2016·河北省“五个一名校联盟”质检)

　　Assistant Professor in Musical Theatre Dance

　　Wichita State University seeks a full­time, 9­month assistant professor, beginning in August. Applicants are required to have a degree in dance area, teaching experience at a professional or college level, ability to direct and teach stage movement. The salary depends on qualifications and experience.

　　For complete information visit http：//finearts. wichita. edu.

　　Full Professor in Theatre and Dance

　　The Department of Theatre and Dance at the University of California at San Diego(http：//www. theatre. ucsd. edu) is seeking an experienced theatre artist in lighting design. Applicants must work for us for at least one year. Significant professional experience is required. This position is expected to teach at both graduate and undergraduate levels.

　　A review of applications will start on June 1st. Application deadline: September 1st.

　　Technical Director in Performing and Fine Arts

　　DeSales University's Performing and Fine Arts Department seeks a highly skilled, professional technical director. The position is a 10­month staff position with the possibility of summer employment with the Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival. Professional experience is required; MFA is preferred.

　　Please email materials to john.bell@desales. edu. Screening of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled.

　　Assistant Director — Media Resources Center

　　Maryland Institute College of Art is seeking an assistant director of Media Resources Center in the Academic Affairs Division.

　　Qualifications for the position include a degree in Art History or related fields with knowledge of art and design history, library experience, excellent interpersonal communication skills and familiarity with photoshop and scanning.

　　A review of applications will begin immediately; job announcements will remain open until the position is filled. Applicants are required to work for us at least 11 months and can send emails to jobs@ mica. edu. The salary differs depending on your experience. Please include your desired salary in your application letter.

　　9．If an applicant has 9.5­month free time, he or she can pay close attention to the ad of ________.

　　A．Full Professor in Theatre and Dance

　　B．Assistant Professor in Musical Theatre Dance

　　C．Technical Director in Performing and Fine Arts

　　D．Assistant Director — Media Resources Center

　　10．If you have excellent interpersonal communication skills, you can apply to ________.

　　A．Wichita State University

　　B．the University of California

　　C．DeSales University

　　D．Maryland Institute College of Art

　　11．According to the advertisements, we can learn that ________.

　　A．all the jobs mentioned in the text require experience

　　B．all the jobs mentioned above promise a good salary

　　C．all the reviews of applications will begin immediately

　　D．all the job announcements will remain open until the positions are filled

　　D

　　Earlier this year, the social media website Facebook announced that it would work with several news organisations — including The New York Times, The Guardian,

　　and the BBC — to place news stories directly into users' personal Facebook webpage. Stories published using Facebook Instant Articles will load more quickly and keep the style of the original publisher, who will keep all the advertising income the stories earn at least for now. The deal shows how important social media has become to news organisations, and is a clear sign of how the world of news is changing and has been for a while.

　　When Google News began in 2002, many saw it as the death of the newspaper. It had no human editor. Instead Google used and still uses a secret computer program that selects and displays news stories according to the reader's personal interests. More recently, Associated Press and Yahoo! have been publishing computerwritten articles. Both use special software to automatically produce stories about company financial results and sports reports — areas where the quality of writing is felt to be of secondary importance to the accuracy of the data.

　　Should we be worried about such developments? I think we should. One concern is that Fackbook, Google and other social media websites see journalism as a sideline, a way of putting people in front of advertisements. It isn't their primary function —

　　so if it stops making them lots of money, they're likely to stop doing it.

　　There's also a concern that computerwritten articles are not actually journalism at all, because what a human news team produces is actually quite complex. A wellwritten news story puts information in context, offers a voice to each side of an argument and brings the public new knowledge.

　　Though economics and speed of delivery mean readers will probably choose a computerwritten story over a carefully shaped article — at least for daily news — I don't think computers will be writing any indepth articles for a while yet.

　　12．What is the main purpose of the article?

　　A．To report on a new computer service offered by Facebook.

　　B．To advise readers against reading computerwritten news.

　　C．To express concerns about recent trends in online news.

　　D．To describe the process of online news reporting.

　　13．Computerwritten news reports have so far focused on sports and finance because ________.

　　A．these are the most popular topics for online readers

　　B．there are fewer journalists specialising in these areas

　　C．information on these topics is more easily available

　　D．writing style is less important than accuracy in these

　　areas

　　14．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

　　A．Journalism.　B．Advertising.

　　C．Facebook.

　　D．Business.

　　15．In Paragraph 4, which of the following is mentioned as a characteristic of a wellwritten news article?

　　A．The information presented is up to date.

　　B．The author's opinion is clear.

　　C．Different views on the topic are presented.

　　D．The language used is vivid.

　　Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

　　(2016·合肥市质检)

　　How to Help a Teenager Make Good Decisions

　　Habitually poor decision­making is actually common in teenagers. Naturally, such a habit makes parent­teen cooperation difficult, especially when a parent wants his teen to do what a “responsible adolescent” would do. A poor decision­making teenager can never run away from his responsibilities. __16__

　　•Distinguish real problems from acts of pure “teenagerism”. Teens often make poor decisions simply because they don't have the experiences. By making small and harmless mistakes, like a recently­developed habit of careless consuming, a teen learns good decision­making skills on his own via self­correction. __17__ Don't think the teen is making bad decisions just to challenge you. It's more likely it is out of a real inability to determine what's best for him.

　　•__18__ Tell your teen you understand his decisions while simply emphasizing that you don't have to agree with his decisions or treat his views as valid. By not judging his opinions, tastes

　　or style, you are opening the road to better communication and problem­solving opportunities.

　　•Set clear expectations.

　　__19__ For example, if your teen refuses to study for his math final because “math is pointless”， explain that you expect him to perform well in school, even in the “pointless” classes. Because you've already tolerated his opinion without trying to change his viewpoint, you two can easily agree that math isn't so useful, yet avoid saying “Let's just give up on math, then.”

　　•Find a middle ground. Trade insignificant freedoms, such as clothing style for the promise that he'll live up to academic and family responsibilities.

　　__20__ Not only does giving up a bit of control solve many conflicts, but the extra freedom you give him can also improve his decision­making.

　　A．Show tolerance.

　　B．Learn to solve problems.

　　C．Point out your expectations and his responsibilities.

　　D．If your teen could realize it, allow him to be himself.

　　E．A responsible adolescent must have role models to learn from.

　　F．Therefore, it's important to guide them with problem­solving strategies.

　　G．Next time, he'll be more likely to think twice before making his buying decision.

　　Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

　　(2016·江西省重点中学盟校联合模拟)Whenever my child caused me to change my schedule, I thought to myself，“ We don't have time for this.” __21__， the two words I most commonly spoke to my child were：“Hurry up.” But my promise to __22__ was made almost three years ago, and I began my journey to grasp what __23__ in life. My younger daughter is my living __24__ of why I must keep trying. In fact, the other day, she reminded me once again.

　　The two of us had taken a bike ride to the __25__. After buying a cool treat for my daughter, she sat down at a table in __26__ admiring the ice cream she held in her hand. Suddenly a look of worry __27__ on her face.“Do I have to rush, Mama？”

　　I could have __28__. Perhaps the pains of a __29__ life don't ever completely disappear, I thought sadly. As my child looked up at me waiting to know __30__ she could take her time, I knew I had a(n) __31__. I could sit there __32__

　　about the number of times when I rushed my child through life ... or I could celebrate the fact that today I'm trying to do things __33__. I chose to live in today.

　　“You don't have to rush. Just take your time.” I said in a(n) __34__ way. Her whole face instantly brightened and her shoulders __35__. And so we sat side by side talking about things that interested us.

　　When she got to the last bite, she held out a spoonful of ice crystals and sweet juice for me.“I __36__ the last bite for you, Mama，” my daughter said __37__. As I let the icy goodness put out my thirst, I __38__ I just got the deal of a lifetime. I gave my child a little time ... and __39__，

　　she

　　gave me her last bite and reminded me that things taste sweeter and love is __40__ to get when you stop rushing through life.

　　21．A.HoweverB．Instead

　　C．Therefore

　　D．Besides

　　22．A.speed up

　　B．slow down

　　C．give up

　　D．keep on

　　23．A.works

　　B．happens

　　C．minds

　　D．matters

　　24．A.reminder

　　B．message

　　C．example

　　D．guide

　　25．A.church

　　B．park

　　C．supermarket

　　D．school

　　26．A.relief

　　B．sorrow

　　C．advance

　　D．delight

　　27．A.brought in

　　B．turned up

　　C．went by

　　D．made up

　　28．A.cried

　　B．hated

　　C．wondered

　　D．regretted

　　29．A.difficult

　　B．desperate

　　C．hurried

　　D．terrified

　　30．A.when

　　B．if

　　C．how

　　D．what

　　31．A.duty

　　B．chance

　　C．choice

　　D．idea

　　32．A.thinking

　　B．complaining

　　C．worrying

　　D．talking

　　33．A.differently B．vividly

　　C．perfectly

　　D．casually

　　34．A.angry B．obvious

　　C．gentle

　　D．cautious

　　35．A.raised

　　B．relaxed

　　C．shook

　　D．trembled

　　36．A.saved

　　B．tasted

　　C．purchased

　　D．rushed

　　37．A.frequently

　　B．carefully

　　C．proudly

　　D．slowly

　　38．A.realized

　　B．imagined

　　C．expected

　　D．remembered

　　39．A.in contrast

　　B．in return

　　C．in charge

　　D．in control

　　40．A.harder

　　B．better

　　C．closer

　　D．easier

　　、卷灵活拆组卷(四)第卷专练(满分50分).语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

　　(2016·南宁市适应性检测)The famous painting done by Leonardo Da Vinci that everyone calls the Mona Lisa is not really called that. __1__ (it) real title is La Gioconda.

　　The woman in __2__ painting was the wife of a man named Francesco del Gioconda, so the painting was titled __3__ its creator La Gioconda. It was known for a time as the Madonna Lisa,

　　__4__ may explain why it has its present name.

　　Leonardo created this painting over many years, __5__ (begin) in 1503. When he finished, it is debated by historians. During this time, he also was painting many other things, building sculptures, and making new __6__ (invention).

　　As for her famous smile, art historians still debate why she is smiling and __7__that smile represents. Everyone who sees the painting __8__ (probable) has his or her own ideas.

　　One last thing: Have you ever noticed that the woman in this

　　famous painting__9__(have) no eyebrows? It's true. Look closely. Women at that time were considered more beautiful if they had their eyebrows __10__(shave).

　　1．____________　2.____________　3.____________　4.____________　5.____________

　　6.____________7.____________　8.____________　9.____________　10.____________

　　.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

　　(2016·昆明市第一中学考前适应性训练) One morning, Mr. Green was about to take a walk while he received a call, saying that his daughter was coming at 3 o'clock by air. So Mr. Green went to the airport to pick out her after lunch. The plane punctual arrived. The passengers got off one after others. The last one had been come out, but Mr. Green couldn't find his daughter. Just then, he felt someone pat him on his back. When looking around，he saw a young man standing there with his arms folding. The young man took off his sunglass and hat. What made Mr. Green surprised was it was just his daughter, who wore a suit of woman's clothes. She smiled to her dad,

　　“Did I surprise you？”

　　.书面表达(满分25分)

　　(2016·河北省三市联考)假定你是高三学生李华，你的一位外国笔友Dick在英语学习中经常犯一些小错误，为此他发电子邮件给你，希望你结合自身学习经历谈谈体会。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件：

　　1．对待犯错的态度；

　　2．减少犯错误的方法；

　　3．你的相关经历和感受。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Dick，I'm writing to share some ideas about mistakes.-------------------------------------------------------

　　-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

　　Yours sincerely，Li Hua

　　Ⅰ、卷灵活拆组卷(四)

　　第卷专练

　　.阅读理解

　　A

　　语篇解读：本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。

　　1．选B　主旨大意题。本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。故选B。

　　2．选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We do not usually think

　　... how it actually works”可知，选D。

　　3．选C　推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句话“First, the speaking situation helps make words more particular”和下文的“For example”可知，下文正是用dog一词举例来论证第二段的第一句话。故选C。

　　4．选C　细节理解题。根据第三段所讲，作者用bank一词举例说明对话中这个词之前或之后的部分决定了这个词的含义。故选C。

　　B

　　语篇解读：作者去克罗地亚旅游时完全放下了手头的工作，尽情地游玩并且他还产生了很多新的灵感。

　　5．选C　推理判断题。在文章开头的对话中，作者说他把手机关机，并且没有检查电子邮件。再结合下文内容可知，他这样做是为了更好地和家人一起旅游，由此可以推断出，他不开手机是因为不想被打扰。

　　6．选A　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“We made the choice

　　...with each other and the kids”可知，作者是想借此机会增进与家人之间的感情。

　　7．选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“As we were returning home ... incorporate into my business”可知，作者在旅游结束回家以后有了很多新的想法，而且他还想把这些想法运用到工作中去。

　　8．选D　词义猜测题。本句中的“restored”与画线词“rejuvenated”同义，结合下文中的“allowed my creative spirit to really come to the surface”可知，休息之后，作者有了更多具有创造性的想法。由此可推知，休息使人精力更加充沛。

　　C

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。介绍了4个工作的相关招聘信息。

　　9．选B　细节理解题。根据第一个广告Assistant Professor in Musical Theatre Dance的第一句“Wichita State University

　　... in August”并结合题干可知，有九个半月的空闲可以申请这个职位。故选B。

　　10．选D　细节理解题。根据最后一个招聘广告下的“Maryland Institute College of Art”和“Qualifications for the position include

　　...with photoshop and scanning”可知，擅长人际交往的人可以申请这个学院的职位，故选D项。

　　11．选A　细节理解题。根据文章的整体内容可知，每个职位都要求申请人有一定的工作经验，故选A。

　　D

　　语篇解读：脸谱网启用资讯发布平台，合作媒体包括《纽约时报》、《卫报》和英国广播公司(BBC)。

　　12．选C　写作意图题。本文主要讲述了脸谱网启用资讯发布平台，合作媒体包括《纽约时报》、《卫报》和英国广播公司(BBC)。根据第三段中的“Should we be worried about such developments? I think we should”可知，作者写本文是为了表达对这一发展趋势的担心。故选C。

　　13．选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Both use special software

　　...accuracy of the data”可知，资讯之所以主要报道金融和体育运动方面，是因为它们对写作方式要求不高。故选D。

　　14．选A　代词指代题。根据“One concern is that Facebook

　　...in front of advertisements”可知，作者认为它们把资讯业当副业；接下来说“它不是它们的主要功能”。故本处“It”指的是资讯业(journalism)。故选A。

　　15．选C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A wellwritten news story

　　...new knowledge”可知，一篇好的资讯报道会反映各方的心声，呈现不同的观点。故选C。

　　.阅读七选五

　　语篇解读：本文介绍了如何才能帮助青少年作出正确的决定。

　　16．选F　不擅长作决定的青少年很普遍，家长希望他们的孩子做一个有责任心的青少年应该做的事情，所以选F项“因此，用解决问题的策略引导他们很重要”。

　　17．选G　通过犯一些小而无害的错误，比如最近形成的粗心消费的习惯，青少年通过自我改正学到了良好的决策技能。G项“下一次，在作出购买决定时他更可能三思”符合语境。故选G。

　　18．选A　当你强调你不同意他的决定或你认为他的观点不正当时，告诉你的孩子你理解他的决定，所以A项“表现出宽容”符合语境。故选A。

　　19．选C　根据本段的主题句“Set clear expectations”及下文的例子可知，C项“指出你的期望和孩子的责任”符合语境。故选C。

　　20．选D　根据空前的一句可知选D项“如果你的孩子实现了他的承诺，那就允许他做他自己想做的事情”。

　　.完形填空

　　语篇解读：作者是一个总是觉得时间不够用的人。女儿的一个小小的举动让作者意识到慢下来的生活更有意义。

　　21．选C　根据第一句话中的“We don't have time for this”可知，作者总是觉得时间不够用。因此作者经常对孩子说的话就是“快点”。

　　22．选B　作者总是督促孩子抓紧时间，但是差不多三年前作者决定(让生活)“慢下来”。本空与上一句的“Hurry up”形成对比。

　　23．选D　根据语境，此处指作者想抓住生活中重要的事情。

　　24．选A　作者的小女儿就是一个活生生的提醒物，提醒作者为什么要坚持尝试让生活慢下来。reminder意为“起提醒作用的东西”。下句的“reminded me once again”是提示。

　　25．选C　根据下一句话中的“buying a cool treat”可知，作者和女儿去的是超市。

　　26．选D　作者给女儿买了冷饮之后，女儿非常高兴。句中的“admiring the ice cream”是提示。in delight“高兴地”。

　　27．选B　突然之间一丝担心的神情出现在女儿的脸上，短语turn up意为“出现”，符合语境。

　　28．选A　女儿的话触动了作者的心，作者感到很伤心，所以当时就有一种想要哭出来的感觉。与下句话中的“thought sadly”相符。

　　29．选C　结合第一段的内容可知，作者总是催促孩子们抓紧时间，一直在紧张忙碌中度过。而a hurried life正是对这种生活的总结，符合语境。

　　30．选B　这时候孩子看着作者的脸，想要知道这次作者是否会催促她，也就是是否自己能够慢下来。

　　31．选C　根据下文中的“I could”“or I could”“I chose to live in today”可知，choice“选择”符合语境。

　　32．选A　根据语境可知，此处指的应是作者可以坐在那儿回想(thinking)曾经有多少次她催促孩子。

　　33．选A　根据本段最后一句话可知，作者要作出的决定就是活在当下，活在今天，不再像以前那样忙忙碌碌。这是完全不同的处事方式，所以用differently。

　　34．选C　作者对孩子说尽管放松，不需要赶时间的时候，心里已经明白了自己以前的做法是不对的，所以是以一种温柔的方式对女儿说的。

　　35．选B　作者女儿的脸上立刻放出了光芒，而且因为高兴她的双肩也放松了，所以用relaxed。

　　36．选A　根据本句中的“the last bite”可知，作者的女儿把最后一口冰激凌留给了作者。save“(为某人)保留”，符合语境。

　　37．选C　女儿和作者在一起度过了轻松而惬意的时光，现在女儿为妈妈着想，说话的时候满带着骄傲。

　　38．选A　根据后面的“I just got the deal of a lifetime”可知，此处指的应是作者意识到自己今天做了一生中最值得的一笔交易。realize“意识到”符合语境。

　　39．选B　作者给了女儿一点可以轻松度过的时间，而作为回报，作者享受了女儿为自己留的冰激凌。in return意为“作为回报”，符合语境。

　　40．选D　女儿的小小的举动提醒了作者，如果我们都放松步伐，事情会变得更甜蜜，爱也会来得更容易。

　　第卷专练

　　.语法填空

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。描述了达·芬奇的名画《蒙娜丽莎》的由来以及其中的一些细节，并对这幅画作出了一些评价。

　　1．Its　根据句型结构分析可知，空格处作定语，修饰主语“title”，所以用形容词性物主代词。故填Its。注意首字母大写。

　　2．the　文章的开头就提到了“The famous painting”，这里再一次提到，故填the，表示特指。

　　3．by　根据前面的被动语态“was titled”可知，后面的“its creator”是动作的执行者，故用by表示方式。

　　4．which　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。

　　5．beginning　此处指达·芬奇从1503年开始画这幅画。begin与句子谓语created之间无连词，表示主动，故用begin的现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填beginning。

　　6．inventions　空格前无冠词和数词修饰，invention是可数名词，所以要用其复数形式。故填inventions。

　　7．what　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，指内容。故填what。

　　8．probably　此处用probable的副词形式修饰动词has。故填probably。

　　9．has　分析句子结构可知，宾语从句的主语是“the woman”， “in this famous painting”是后置定语修饰“the woman”，have是谓语动词，所以根据主谓一致可知，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has。

　　10．shaved　分析句子结构可知，动词shave在此处作宾语补足语，与宾语“their eyebrows”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。have sth. done为固定结构，意为“使某物被……”。故填shaved。

　　.短文改错

　　第一句：while→when

　　第二句：out→up

　　第三句：punctual→punctually

　　第四句：others→another

　　第五句：去掉been

　　第六句：his→the

　　第七句：folding→folded

　　第八句：sunglass→sunglasses

　　第九句：it前加that; woman's→man's

　　.书面表达

　　参考范文：

　　Dear Dick，

　　I'm writing to share some ideas about mistakes. Making mistakes is not terrible, but how we handle them does matter. The right attitude towards making mistakes is to admit it honestly and learn from them. Here are tips to help you make fewer mistakes when learning English. Firstly, develop a habit of reading English aloud. Secondly, follow your teachers and focus on the lectures in class. Finally, you should review your lessons, correcting mistakes. Only if we admit our making mistakes and learn from them can we improve and make a difference.

　　Last term, most of us failed in the English exam. We were shocked, but afterwards, I studied my answer sheet which had been marked and commented by our teacher. I surely recognized many mistakes in grammar. Since then I have paid special attention to those mistakes. Believe it or not, I am a top student in English in my class.

　　Wish you great progress!

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua