贵州省贵阳市2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮阅读训练（15）附答案

　　贵阳市2014高考英语（新人教版）一轮阅读训练（15）附答案

　　课时作业(十五)　[必修3　Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”](限时：45分钟)Long long ago, there was a small village．This village had a

　　tradition．At the beginning of every year, any boy who had reached the age of majority 成年 was given land and money to build a home．The boy had to

　　his home before winter．If his home failed to endure the cold weather in winter, the villagers could not

　　him in any way．

　　One __, Paul and Marc reached their majority．They

　　their land and money and decided to search nearby villages for ideas on building their homes．In each village, they found the nicest

　　and talked to the owners．Each owner gladly offered

　　．

　　After Mar saw several homes, he

　　8

　　the best ideas and went back to his own land．Paul, __, continued collecting more ideas．Soon he had so many great ideas that he began to

　　some of them．But he always believed he could find even better ideas in the next village．

　　Marc began building his home．He had several false starts,

　　his home gradually rose from his land．By fallMarc had finished his home．It wasn't perfectut it was strong and he could

　　12

　　it later. Paul enjoyed all the beautiful homes and 13

　　with home owners．The first snow came and Paul, realizing he was running out of time,

　　back to his land．He built the best home he could in the time he had, but it was

　　．The first winter storm destroyed his home and he froze to

　　．The villagers mourned for him．

　　Marc

　　the winter．Each year, Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better．He became a leader in the village,

　　a family, and lived a happy, content life．

　　We all build and improve our own mental homes．It’s

　　and fun for us to search for ideas from other mental home owners, but we only improve our own mental home if we actually

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　　the best ideas．

　　．A．strange

　　B．hopeful

　　C．literary

　　D．cultural．A．find

　　B．make

　　C．complete

　　D．buy. A．help

　　B．encourage

　　C．scold

　　D．persuade．A．winter

　　B．summer

　　C．autumn

　　D．spring．A．exchanged B．received C．recognized D．advice．A．girls B．jobs C．houses D．presents．A．rooms B．drinks C．attention D．advice．A．expected B．gathered C．created D．understood．A．similarly B．finally C．however D．furthermore．A．forget B．believe C．replace D．doubt．A．because B．although C．but D．so

　　．A．repair B．rebuild C．sell D．improve

　　．A．conversations B．achievements C．struggles D．arguments

　　．A．drove B．rushed C．flew D．moved

　　．A．weak B．funny C．small D．amazing

　　．A．blindness B．death C．sadness D．illness

　　．A．experienced B．loved C．survived D．spent

　　．A．brought B．earned C．contacted D．raised

　　．A．slow B．easy C．dangerous D．special

　　．A．realize B．bring C．collect D．apply

　　．strange (奇怪的)符合语境。语境为：很久很久以前，有一个小村庄有着一个奇怪的传统。每到年初，已成年的男孩就会拿到一块地和资金(自己动手)去修建自己的房屋。hopeful

　　有希望的；literary 文艺的，书本的；cultural文化的。

　　2．By fall, Marc had finished his home． A 考查动词词义辨析。 倒数第三段“The first winter storm destroyed his home and he froze to

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　　．The villagers mourned for him．．At the beginning of every year)拿到一块地和资金的，四个选项中只有spring(春天)符合境。

　　5．exchange 交换；recognize 认出，承认；advise 建议，忠告。

　　6．．Soon he had so many great ideas that he began to 10

　　some of them．．Marc 参观了几栋房子，把房主们提供的建议搜集起来，所以选gather。意思是：搜集。9空后的“continued collecting more ideas”有同义词复现。expect 期待，预料；create

　　创造；understand理解。

　　9．Marc开始建房，而Paul 却仍在继续搜集如何建房的建议，两者之间是转折关系，所以用however。

　　10．believe 认为，相信；replace代替；doubt怀疑。

　　11．He had several false starts”和“his home gradually rose from his land”之间是转折关系，所以用but。

　　12．Each year, Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better．make his own home look better，说的就是他所修的房子可以在建成后随时改良，所以用improve。repair 修理、修补； rebuild重建；sell卖。

　　13．In each village, they found the nicest

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　　and talked to the owners．conversations，意思是：谈话、会话。

　　14．The first winter storm destroyed his home”可以看出，由于动工时间较晚，时间紧，他修的房子不牢固，所以选weak，意思是：不牢固的。Funny滑稽的；small小的；amazing令人吃惊的。

　　16. B 考查名词辨析。下一句“The villagers mourned for him”告诉我们，村民们都去哀悼他，由此可知他被冻死了，所以选death。

　　17. C 考查动词辨析。这里指的是Marc由于修好了房子，顺利渡过了冬天，所以用survive，意思是：从困境中挺过来。

　　18. D 考查动词辨析。raise 养育。句意为：(后来)他成了村里的领导，养育了一家人，幸福满意的生活着。如果把 A 项后加上up，也是正确的。

　　19. B 考查形容词辨析。上面的故事告诉我们，建议和想法的寻找是简单的，而实践才是困难的，所以选easy。

　　20. D考查动词辨析。这里指的是最好的想法的“应用”，所以选apply。

　　阅读理解

　　Some unusual words describe how a person spends his or her time. For example, someone who likes to spend a lot of time sitting or lying down while watching television is sometimes called a couch potato. A couch is a piece of furniture that people sit on while watching television.

　　Robert Armstrong, an artist from California, developed the term “couch potato” in 1976. Several years later, he listed the term as a trademark with the United States government. Mr Armstrong also helped write a funny book about life as a full­time television watcher. It is called the Official Couch Potato Handbook.

　　Couch potatoes enjoy watching television just as mouse potatoes enjoy working on computers. A computer mouse is the device that moves the pointer, or cursor on a computer screen. The description of mouse potato became popular in 1993. American writer Alice Kahn is said to have invented the term to describe young people who spend a lot of time using computers.

　　Too much time inside the house using a computer or watching television can cause someone to get cabin fever. A cabin is a simple house usually built far away from the city. People go to a cabin to relax and enjoy quiet time.

　　Cabin fever is not really a disease. However, people can experience boredom and restlessness if they spend too much time inside their homes. This is especially true during the winter when it is too cold or snowy to do things outside. Often children get cabin fever if they cannot go outside to play. So do their parents. This happens when there is so much snow that schools and even offices and stores are closed.

　　Some people enjoy spending a lot of time in their homes to make them nice places to live. This is called nesting or cocooning. Birds build nests out of sticks to hold their eggs and baby birds. Some insects build cocoons around themselves for protection while they grow and change. Nests and cocoons provide security for wildlife. So people like the idea of nests and cocoons, too.

　　The terms cocooning and nesting became popular more than twenty years ago. They describe people buying their first homes and filling them with many things. These people then had children.

　　Now these children are grown璾p and have left the nest. They are in college. Or they are married and starting families of their own far away.Now these parents are living alone without children in their empty nests. They

　　have become empty nesters.

　　16．Which of the following was first used?

　　A．Couch potato.

　　B．Cocooning.

　　C．Mouse potato.

　　D．Nesting.

　　17．________refers to a person who spends much time on computer.

　　A．A couch potato

　　B．A nester

　　C．A mouse potato

　　D．An empty nester

　　18．Why can most people easily get cabin fever in winter?

　　A．Because they are addicted to computer games.

　　B．Because they would like to play outside.

　　C．Because it is so cold that they couldn't go outside.

　　D．Because they are too busy at work or school.

　　19．What's the passage mainly about?

　　A．How to get rid of cabin fever.

　　B．How people become nesters or empty nesters.

　　C．How to spend your leisure time.

　　D．The origin of some words.

　　B

　　German researchers said older people tend to be portrayed negatively in society. Although they are often described as wise, they are also shown as being slow and forgetful.

　　揕iving in a youth centered culture, fthey may appreciate a boost in self­esteem.That's why they prefer the negative stories about younger people, who are seen as having a higher status in our society，” said Dr Silvia Knobloch­Westerwick，of Ohio State University.

　　Knobloch­Westerwick and her co­author Matthias Hastall, of Zeppelin University in Friedrichshafen, Germany, studied 276 German adults, including 178 aged 18 to 30 and 98 between 55 and 60. Their findings are published in the journal Communication.

　　All the adults in the study were shown what they were led to believe was a test version of a new online news magazine.They were also given limited time to look over either a negative or a positive version of 10 pre­selected articles.

　　Each story was also paired with a photograph depicting(描绘) someone of either the younger or the older age group.more likely to choose to read negative articles about those younger than themselves. They also tended to show less interest in articles about older people, whether negative or positive.

　　But younger people preferred to read positive articles about other young people.

　　According to Knobloch璚esterwick, rolder people's preference for negative news about their younger counterparts can be explained by their place in society.

　　揈verybody likes a self璭steem boost. For young people,

　　ythough, it's almost automatic. Youth is considered important in society，” she said.

　　After reading the articles, the participants completed a questionnaire designed to measure levels of self­esteem. Unlike their younger counterparts, the self­esteem of older people rose after they read a negative article about younger people.

　　Although the study was done in Germany, Knobloch­Westerwick believes nationality and the national characteristics are not important.

　　20．What do older people think of themselves, according to the text?

　　A．They are behind the times.

　　B．They are always forgetful.

　　C．Their self­esteem is challenged in a youth centered culture.

　　D．They should have a higher status than the young in society.

　　21．What can be learned from the study?

　　A．The old enjoy reading negative stories about the young.

　　B．The old are interested in negative articles about other old people.

　　C．The old are likely to read positive articles about other old people.

　　D．The young like reading negative articles about other young people.

　　22．According to Knobloch­Westerwick, if a similar study were done in other countries, ________．

　　A．the result would be unreasonable

　　B．the result would be quite different

　　C．the findings would be completely the same

　　D．much the same result would be found

　　Ⅲ.书面表达是一个致力于消除家长和孩子之间沟通障碍的网站。假设你叫David，是一名中学生，在该网站兼职。请你针对Katherine(一位高考考生的母亲)提1.劝Katherine不要焦虑，并说明原因；站在学生的角度给她建议。要求：1.词数：120左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：family ties 亲情

　　Katherine 20：00 Jan. 21st, 2012，I am getting more and more anxious about my son's studies. However, I am always wondering what I can do to help him. Could you please give me some suggestions？

　　David 9：30 Jan. 22nd, 2012，bring out an easier time in your family during your son's preparation for his college entrance exam.

　　参考答案

　　课时作业(十五)本文着重介绍了英语中一些词的来历。　细节理解题。由第二段第一句Robert Armstrong, an artist from California, developed the term“couch potato” in 1976可知，couch potato是在1976年第一次被使用，因此A项正确。第三段第三句The description of mouse potato became popular in 1993.告诉我们mouse potato在1993年才流行，倒数第二段告诉我们cocooning和nesting是20多年前才开始流行的。　细节理解题。由第三段第一句Couch potatoes enjoy watching television just as mouse potatoes enjoy working on computers.可知答案。　细节理解题。由第五段第三句This is especially true during the winter when it is too cold or snowy to do things outside.可知答案。　主旨大意题。根据本文主要内容可知答案。研究人员发现，在当今以年轻人为中心的社会中，老年人的自尊受到挑20．C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的Living in a youth centered culture，they may appreciate a boost in self­esteem.可推知答案。　细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的The researchers found that older people were more likely to choose to read negative articles about those younger than themselves.可知答案。　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的信息…believes nationality and the national characteristics are not important.可知答案。：　9：30 Jan. 222012

　　Dear Katherine，but it is not the only challenge we'll have to face. As a senior student myself, I think there are several things you can do for your son. First of all, get to know what he is interested in and help him set a proper goal. Besides, believe in him and encourage him to believe in himself. Lastly, please spare some time to listen to him. The more he communicates with others, the less pressure he'll have.

　　I hope what is suggested above will bring out an easier time in your family during your son's preparation for his college entrance exam.

　　课后阅读-------Fully insured  全保险

　　Insurance companies are normally willing to insure anything. Insuring public or private property is a standard practice in most countries in the world. If, however, you were holding an open air garden party or a fete it would be equally possible to insure yourself in the event of bad weather. Needless to say, the bigger the risk an insurance company takes, the higher the premium you will have to pay. It is not uncommon to hear that a shipping company has made a claim for the cost of salvaging a sunken ship. But the claim made by a local authority to recover the cost of salvaging a sunken pie dish must surely be unique.

　　Admittedly it was an unusual pie dish, for it was eighteen feet long and six feet wide. It had been purchased by a local authority so that an enormous pie could be baked for an annual fair. The pie committee decided that the best way to transport the dish would be by canal, so they insured it for the trip. Shortly after it was launched, the pie committee went to a local inn to celebrate. At the same time, a number of teenagers climbed on to the dish and held a little party of their own. Dancing proved to be more than the dish could bear, for during the party it capsized and sank in seven feet of water.

　　The pie committee telephoned a local garage owner who arrived in a recovery truck to salvage the pie dish. Shivering in their wet clothes, the teenagers looked on while three men dived repeatedly into the water to locate the dish. They had little difficulty in finding it, but hauling it out of the water proved to be a serious problem. The sides of the dish were so smooth that it was almost impossible to attach hawsers and chains to the rim without damaging it. Eventually chains were fixed to one end of the dish and a powerful winch was put into operation. The dish rose to the surface and was gently drawn towards the canal bank. For one agonizing moment, the dish was perched precariously on the bank of the canal, but it suddenly overbalanced and slid back into the water. The men were now obliged to try once more. This time they fixed heavy metal clamps to both sides of the dish so that they could fasten the chains. The dish now had to be lifted vertically because one edge was resting against the side of the canal. The winch was again put into operation and one of the men started up the truck. Several minutes later, the dish was successfully hauled above the surface of the water. Water streamed in torrents over its sides with such force that it set up a huge wave in the canal. There was a danger that the wave would rebound off the other side of the bank and send the dish plunging into the water again. By working at tremendous speed, the men managed to get the dish on to dry land before the wave returned.

　　保险公司一般说来愿意承保一切东西。承办公共财产或私人财产保险是世界上大部分国家的正常业务。如果你要举办一次露天游园会或盛宴，为避免碰上不好的天气而遭受损失也同样可以保险。不用说，保险公司承担风险越大，你付的保险费也就越高。航运公司为打捞沉船而提出索赔，这是常有的事，但某地当局为打捞一只焙制馅饼的盘子提出索赔，倒是件新鲜事儿。

　　这个馅饼盘子确实少见，有18英尺长，6英尺宽。某地方当局买下它用来焙制一个巨大的馅饼为一年一度交易会助兴。馅饼委员会确认运输这只盘子的最佳方案是通过运河水运。于是，他们对这只盘子的运输安全投了保。盘子下水后不久，馅饼委员会成员们来到当地一家小酒店庆贺。就在这个时候，许多十几岁的孩子爬上盘子举行他们自己的集会。他们跳起了舞，盘子难以承受。舞会进行过程中，盘子倾覆，沉入了7英尺深的水中。

　　馅饼委员会给当地汽车修理库老板打电话，他闻讯后开着一辆急修车前来打捞盘子。那些孩子们穿着湿衣服哆嗦，看着3个工人轮番潜入水中以确定盘子的位置。他们没费多大事儿就找到了盘子，可是把盘子捞出却是一个很大的难题。盘子四边十分光滑，要在盘边拴上绳索或链条而同时又不损坏它是很难办到的。不过，他们终于将链条固定在盘子的一端，一台大功率的绞车开动起来。盘子慢慢浮出水面，被轻轻地拽向运河岸边。在令人忐忑不安的瞬间，盘子晃晃悠悠地上了岸，但它突然失去了平衡，又跌回水中。工人们只得再来一次。这次，他们用沉重的金属夹子把盘子夹住，以便往盘子上安装铁链。这次，盘子必须垂直吊出水面，因为盘子的一边紧靠着运河河岸。绞盘机再次启动，一位工人发动了急修车的引擎。几分钟后，盘子被成功地拽出了水面。波浪从盘子两侧急涌而出，在运河里掀起一股大浪。但是当波浪从河对岸折回来时，就有再次把盘子拖进水里的危险。工人们动作迅速，终于赶在那股大浪返回之前把盘子拽到了岸上。

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　　(2)(25 min.)

　　(2012·师大附中月考)请你简要概述图中所述资讯事件，并针对路人的反应发表自己的看法，如果你是在场的路人之一，你会怎么做？

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　　参考范文

　　One possible version：

　　Since 13th Oct., 2011, China has been captivated by the distressing case of two­year­old girl Xiao Yueyue, who was coldly ignored by passers­by as she lay bleeding in the street after being struck by a delivery van. Video shared widely across social media documented the incident in horrifying detail, including at least 18 people walking past Xiao Yueyue's body without so much as a glance.

　　In my eyes, those 18 people have shamed the whole of China. Owing to the new complexities of Chinese social life, people had lost their reverence for life and felt indifferent or even cold about life or death.

　　Any one of us might become the ‘passer­by’ at the side of Xiao Yueyue. If I were one of them, I would stop, move her out of the center of the road, or extend a hand of comfort, carrying her away from danger. Everybody should examine his own conscience: if we were in the same situation next time, how could we help ourselves? Only by lifting a hand to help others, we save ourselves.

　　*************************************************************结束

　　阅读理解

　　There lived a king who liked art.One day an artist offered to paint the most beautiful picture in the world on the wall of his palace.

　　So the king said，“All right，you may work on one of the walls in the new hall.”

　　Just then，another artist said，“Please allow me to work on the opposite wall.I shall make exactly what that man will make on the opposite wall.Moreover，I shall do so without looking at his work.I would even request you to have a thick curtain put up between the two walls so that either of us cannot see the other.”

　　Everyone in the king’s court，including the king and the first artist was intrigued.So the king decided to give the second artist a chance.

　　The following day，a thick curtain was put in place and both the artists got to work.The first artist brought a regular supply of paint，oil and water.But the second one would come with a cloth and a bucket of water every day.

　　A month later the first artist said that his work was completed and invited the king to come.

　　So the king sent a message to the second artist，saying he was coming to see their works that evening.

　　After seeing the first artist’s wall，the king was very impressed with the painting and gave him a huge sum of money as a reward.He then asked some people to remove the curtain.

　　The same painting was seen on the opposite wall too! It was exactly like the one on the first wall.But the second artist had not seen what was going on，on the other side of the curtain.

　　The king gave the second artist a double reward，and then asked，“I am indeed very happy with your work.But how did you do it？”

　　The man said simply，“It’s very easy！I just polished(擦亮) the wall every day！”

　　It was a wall made of white marble(大理石)! The fellow polished it till it shone like a mirror.The reflection of the painting across the room showed up in it!

　　16．The underlined word “intrigued” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．

　　A．surprisedB．puzzled

　　C．fascinatedD．shocked

　　17．A thick curtain was put up between the two walls to ________.

　　A．help them concentrate on their works

　　B．keep the first artist’s painting secret

　　C．prevent their paintings from being seen by the king

　　D．make it hard for them to exchange ideas

　　18．Why did the king give the second artist more money?

　　A．He promised to give him a reward.

　　B．His painting was the best ever seen.

　　C．He painted better than the first artist.

　　D．The king thought he was very clever.

　　19．How was the king feeling when he saw the second wall?

　　A．Satisfied and curious.

　　B．Fascinated and doubtful.

　　C．Surprised and excited.

　　D．Delighted and excited.

　　20．The best title of the text is “________”．

　　A．Two ArtistsB．A King Who Loved Art

　　C．Whose Painting Is BetterD．The Paintings on the Wall

　　Ⅲ.假设你是某健康杂志的医学顾问Dr.Helper，一名叫李华的中学生来信说，她所在的班级近视的学生超过总数的一半，而且大多数学生的视力越来越差，她感到非常担心。请你针对她所说的情况，结合下面要点，用英语给李华回信，告诉她应该如何保护视力。

　　★注意让眼睛休息

　　★坚持做眼保健操(每天至少两次)

　　★定期做视力检查(每年至少一次)

　　★卧床或乘车时不要看书

　　★不要用手揉眼睛

　　★如无必要，不要戴有色眼镜

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．不能逐条翻译；

　　4．开头已给出，但不计入总词数。

　　Dear Li Hua，

　　You’re very kind to care about your classmates.________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　C

　　17.B

　　18.D

　　19.A

　　20.D

　　参考范文If you want to protect your eyesight, I advise you to let your eyes rest after a certain amount of time of work.You should do eye exercises every day, at least twice a day.You should go to the hospital to have an eyesight examination regularly, at least once a year.You mustn’t read while lying in bed, in too bright or dark light or in a moving vehicle.You’d better not rub your eyes with your hands,and it is bad for your eyesight if you wear coloured glasses.

　　I hope my advice can help you and your classmates.

　　Yours,

　　Dr.Helper