【外研英语，七省专用】2014《走向高考》英语一轮总复习（2016春出版）第一部分 教师讲义手册：选修七7-3

　　选修七　Module 3 　 Literature

　　What is literature indeed？ I came across this question raised by someone on the BBS， which immediately struck me and made me lost in thought， for I really found it hard to answer it， such a big question but do have something to do with the development of the literature.

　　What is literature indeed？ I'm sure even the greatest literatures in the world can not give a perfect answer to this question. Yeah， they did write significant masterpiece and some of them even get the Nobel Prize for literature， but they perhaps always just thought about the content of the story or the techniques they used in their works or even thought about how to meet the needs of the market， that is what kind of books will be well­accepted by the readers. Never does a person dare to give a exact definition of literature.

　　Maybe people should make excuse like this： a thousand of readers have their own images of Hamlet， so a thousand of people have their own opinions of literature， that is to say， in fact there's no need to discuss on this fussy question. But I consider it a excuse that humankind often made when touching on the essence of something. Neither do I know the answer to this question， but I just sometimes feel confused about some phenomena involved with this question.

　　1．教材原句：

　　“Never have_I_heard anything like it！”said Mr. Limbkins.

　　真题呈现

　　(全国卷)The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only________， but students became more interested in the lessons.

　　A．saved was teachers' energy

　　B．was teachers' energy saved

　　C．teachers' energy was saved

　　D．was saved teachers' energy

　　考题巧解　B　考查倒装。not only...but (also)．..连接两个并列的句子且置于句首时，not only所在的句子要用部分倒装，而but (also)所在的句子不倒装。句意：在教学中使用电脑，结果不仅节省了老师的精力而且也使得学生对上课更感兴趣。

　　2．教材原句：

　　“They'll hang that boy，” said a gentleman in a white jacket.

　　真题呈现

　　(北京高考)When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we________up, her voice had been full of life.

　　A．were hanging

　　　B．had hung

　　C．hung

　　D．would hang

　　考题巧解　C　考查时态。 by the time引导的时间状语从句中多用一般现在时和一般过去时，而主句中则多用现在完成时和过去完成时。

　　(Ⅰ)单词速记

　　A．联想记忆法

　　1．nutrition n．营养(作用)；滋养→________n．营养素；营养物→________adj.有营养的；营养丰富的

　　2．feed v．喂养；为……提供食品→feed sb./sth. ________sth.给(人或动物)食物→feed sth.________sb./sth.给……某物作为食物

　　3．whisper v．& n. 低声地说；耳语→________a whisper 轻声说

　　4．hang v．绞死；吊死；悬挂→hang ________抓紧→hang ________挂断电话→get the hang ________掌握，了解……用法

　　5．naughty adj.淘气的；调皮的→________adj.温和的

　　答案：1.nutrient；nutritious　2.on；to　3.in　4.on；up；of　5.mild

　　B．构词记忆法

　　1．accomplish v．完成(任务等)，取得(成功)→________ adj.才华高的→________n．成就；成绩

　　2．concern n．关心，担心→________prep.关于，涉及

　　3．serve v．端上(饭菜等)；服务→________n．服务→________n．仆人，佣人

　　4．healthy adj.健康的→________n．健康

　　5．intend v．打算→________n．意图

　　6．distribute v．分发，分配，分送→________n．分配，分发

　　7．accumulate v．积累→________n．积累

　　答案：1.accomplished；accomplishment　2.concerning　3.service；servant　4.health　5.intention　6.distribution　7.accumulation

　　(Ⅱ)短语突破

　　1．________ a．.. voice用……声音(说)，……声地

　　________ one's voice提高嗓门

　　2.刚一……就……

　　3．________ sth. to the attention of sb.使某人关注某事

　　pay attention ________集中注意力于

　　4．a ________amount of大量的

　　a deal ________许多，大量

　　5．feel ________ home无拘无束，自由自在

　　________ yourself at home 别拘束

　　6．be cruel ________sb. 对某人残酷

　　be ________to sb.对某人友好，体贴

　　7．a lack ________缺少

　　________ lack of因缺少……

　　8．distribute...________... 在……中分配……

　　assign sth.________sb. 分配……给……

　　答案：1.in；raise　2.than；when　3.bring；to　4.huge/large；of

　　5．at；make　6.to；kind　7.of；for/through　8.among；to

　　(Ⅲ)句型总结

　　经典句型

　　1．...they would sit ______________________(盯着锅看)with eager eyes，______________________(好像要把它吃下去)．

　　2．Oliver Twist and his companions slowly starved for three months until finally，they ______________________ __(饿得发疯了)．

　　3．There was one boy who was tall for his age，and __________________(不习惯总这么挨饿)，as his father had kept a small cook shop.

　　4．Not until at least thirty seconds had passed，__________________________(那个人才说出话来)．

　　5．______________________(男孩刚说出这些话)than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.

　　6．“__________________________(我从没听说过任何事情)like it！”said Mr.Limbkins.

　　答案：1.staring at the pot；as if they wanted to eat it　2.became quite wild with hunger　3.was not used to being hungry all the time　4.was the man able to speak　5.No sooner had the boy spoken these words　6.Never have I heard anything

　　典句仿写

　　no sooner...than...刚一……就……(用倒装结构)

　　仿写：他刚到家，天就下雨了。

　　_________________________________________________

　　否定副词never位于句首时句子用部分倒装结构

　　仿写：我从未看过如此好的电影。

　　_________________________________________________

　　答案：No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.

　　②Never have I seen such a good film.

　　(Ⅳ)教材设问

　　1．The room ________ the boys were fed was a large stone hall, with a large pot at one end.

　　A．which

　　B．that

　　C．in which

　　D．with which

　　2．Each boy was allowed one bowl of soup and no more, ________ special holidays when he was given another 60 grams of bread.

　　A．except for

　　B．except on

　　C．except in

　　D．except

　　3．The bowls never needed________， as the boys cleaned them with their spoons, ________ to eat every bit of soup.

　　A．being washed; trying

　　B．to be washed; to try

　　C．washing; trying

　　D．washing; to try

　　4．________ by his own courage, he said, “Please sir, I want some more.”

　　A．Frightened

　　B．Frightening

　　C．To frighten

　　D．Being frightened

　　1．scene n. 现场，情景，景色，(戏剧的)一场，布景

　　知识拓展

　　behind the scene 在后台；在幕后

　　on the scene 出现；登场

　　scene of accident 事故现场

　　辨析：scene, scenery, sight, view

　　1)scene是常用词，指局部的或周围的环境、风景、景色，尤其与观看者看法有关，也可指戏剧、电影、小说等的情景、布景。

　　2)scenery(集合名词)并非个别的风景，而是指该地区的整个风景。

　　3)sight作“景物，浏览胜地”解时常用复数形式，表示各种各样引起人兴趣的地方；作“情景，景象”时常用单数。

　　4)view是可数名词，表示从某处可见到的远景，着重点在你能够看到的部分。

　　①The police quickly reached the scene of the murder.

　　警察很快到达凶杀现场。

　　②We all enjoyed beautiful mountain scenery in the countryside.

　　我们都享受了乡村美丽的山景。

　　③The sunset is a beautiful sight.

　　日落是一种美丽的景象。

　　④You'll get a fine view of the town from the top of the hill.

　　从山顶上你可以相当清楚地看到城镇的风景。

　　即学即用

　　The happy________of children playing in the garden vanishes, and it is quiet again.

　　A．scene

　　B．scenery

　　C．scarce

　　D．scare

　　答案：A　句意为：孩子们在公园里玩耍的情景消失了，公园又恢复了平静。

　　2．feed v. 喂养；饲养；养活；提供

　　知识拓展

　　feed on (动物)以……为主食

　　feed...on/with sth. 给……食物

　　feed sth. to sb./sth. 用某物喂某人/某物

　　feed A with B＝feed B into A 提供B给A

　　be fed up with 感到厌烦

　　助记

　　①Feed the food to the baby in small pieces.

　　用小块食品喂婴儿。

　　②Owls feed_on mice and other small animals.

　　猫头鹰以老鼠和其他小动物为食。

　　③The data is then fed_into a computer.

　　数据随后被输入电脑。

　　④I'm_fed_up_with this dull life!

　　我受够了这种枯燥的生活！

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　①Statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture showed that China has mainly relied on itself ________ (养活) its population of more than 1.3 billion.

　　②I'm ________ (厌烦) her complaining.

　　③Horses ________ (以……为主食) grass.

　　答案：①to feed　②fed up with　③feed on

　　3．serve vt. 端上，招待，为……服务，供给某人(饭菜等)vi. 服役，供职

　　知识拓展

　　serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务

　　serve as 充当；担任

　　serve sb. (with) sth.＝serve sth. to sb. 拿/用……招待/款待某人

　　①He served_as a witness at the wedding.

　　他在婚礼中当证婚人。

　　Have all the guests been_served_(with) food and drink?

　　给所有的客人都上了饭菜饮品了吗？

　　She has served the family faithfully for thirty years.

　　她为这个家忠心耿耿地操劳了30年。

　　点津

　　serve作“服务”讲时是及物动词，后直接接宾语，不加介词for。作“服役”讲时，常用作不及物动词。

　　链接

　　(1)service n. 服务，帮助

　　public services 公共服务

　　at your service 愿为您效劳，听候您的吩咐

　　(2)servant n. 仆人

　　civil servant 公务员

　　即学即用

　　The bad situation________warn people of importance of the environment protection.

　　A．serves to

　　B．serves for

　　C．serves as

　　D．services

　　答案：A　serve to do“被用来干……”；serve for“为……服务”；serve as“充当……”；由句意可知选A。

　　4．reward n. 酬谢；奖赏；赏金

　　vt. 给(某人)报酬，奖励(某人)

　　搭配

　　(1)as a reward of 作为对……的回报

　　in reward for sth. 为了酬谢或报答……

　　give/offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬

　　(2)reward sb. for sth. 为某事报答某人

　　reward sb. with sth. 用……报答/回报某人

　　①He received a medal in_reward_for his bravery.

　　他因勇敢获得了一枚奖章。

　　②We will offer_a_reward_of ten thousand dollars for information about the case.

　　如果有人提供有关这个案件的情报，我们愿意出一万美元赏金。

　　辨析：prize, award, reward

　　prize 通常表示“给予竞赛获胜或彩票中奖者的奖品与奖金” ，可以分等级，如一等奖、二等奖等。

　　award 指在学习或工作中达到了获奖所要求的条件而由官方或上级决定授予的奖励或荣誉。也可分等级。

　　reward 指对有功绩的报答或酬谢，在讽刺中可指“对坏事的报应”。

　　①My sister won the first prize for her singing.

　　我妹妹唱歌获一等奖。

　　He was granted a special award of, 1, 000 yuan for his outstanding work.

　　他因工作成绩卓越而获得特别奖一千元。

　　A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals.

　　巨额悬赏捉拿这些罪犯。

　　即学即用

　　选词填空(reward, award，prize)

　　His movie won several ________at the film festival，which was beyond his wildest dream.

　　My sister won the first ________ for her singing.

　　③The mayor has offered a ________ of $ 5,000 to whoever can capture the tiger alive or dead.

　　答案：awards　prize　reward

　　5．intend v．打算；意欲；想要

　　搭配

　　intend that... 打算……

　　intend doing sth./to do sth. 打算做某事

　　intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事

　　be intended/meant for 专门为……/专门给……

　　had intended to do... 本来打算做……

　　①Let's ask him what he intends_us_to_do.

　　咱们去问问他打算让我们怎么办。

　　The chair was_intended_for you, but she took it away.

　　那把椅子原本是为你准备的，但是被她拿走了。

　　链接

　　intention n．意图；目的；打算

　　have no intention of doing sth. 无意做某事，不打算做某事

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the company.

　　他打算让他的女儿经营公司。

　　②句型转换

　　I intended_to_have_caught the early train，but I didn't.

　　＝I ________ ________ to catch the early train，but I didn't.

　　我本打算赶早班的火车，但没赶上。

　　答案：intended his daughter to manage　had intended

　　6．accomplish vt. 完成(任务等)；取得成功

　　辨析： accomplish, complete, finish, achieve

　　1)accomplish常接task, journey, voyage等名词，有时兼有“达成(效果)”之意。

　　2)complete比accomplish具体，可接建筑、工程、书籍等名词，指“按预期目的把未完成的工作经过进一步的努力使之完成”，主要含义是“补足缺少的部分”。

　　3)finish在许多情况下可与complete换用，但不如complete正式，常含有认真仔细地完成工作的最后阶段的精工修饰，使之完美的意思。

　　4)achieve多指排除困难，完成宏伟计划或大业。

　　①I accomplished two hours' work before dinner.

　　我在吃饭前完成了两个小时的工作。

　　②I have_finished the book.

　　我已读完了这本书。

　　③You should accomplish the task within the allotted time.

　　你们必须在规定时间内完成这项任务。

　　④The building took two years to complete.

　　这幢大楼花了两年才建成。

　　⑤Women have_achieved equality in our country.

　　在我国妇女已取得平等地位。

　　即学即用

　　I only need one more card to ________ the set.

　　A．accomplish

　　B．to complete

　　C．achieve

　　D．contain

　　7．pick out 精心挑选；认出来；找出，认识到；使显著

　　知识拓展

　　pick at sth. 磨蹭着吃

　　pick sth. off 去除；剪除

　　pick over sth.仔细检查……以选出想要的东西，甄选

　　①It was easy to pick_out Bob's father.

　　鲍勃的父亲很容易被认出来。

　　②He picked_out a moody chord on his guitar.

　　他缓慢地拨动吉他弹奏起忧伤的和弦。

　　即学即用

　　________ all the words in the poem that suggest despair.

　　A．Find outB．SelectC．Pick outD．Look up

　　8．no sooner...than... 刚一……就……

　　知识拓展

　　表示“一……就……”的结构

　　1)hardly...when/scarcely...when/no sooner...than，注意句子主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；hardly/scarcely/no sooner位于句首时，用倒装语序。

　　2)as soon as; the moment/minute/instant...；immediately/instantly

　　3)on＋名词/动名词

　　on his arrival他一到就……

　　on hearing the news 一听到这消息就……

　　4)at＋名词

　　at the sight of 一看到……就……

　　①No_sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.

　　他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。

　　②I came as_soon_as I heard the news.

　　我一听到消息马上就来了。

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　________ ________ ________ ________ the football match ________ it began to rain.

　　他们刚开始足球赛，天就下起雨来。

　　单元语法精讲精练

　　倒装句

　　英语中句子的正常语序是主语在前，谓语在后，有时为了语法结构的需要(如一些疑问句)或是为了强调，将谓语全部或一部分放在主语之前，主谓倒置，构成倒装句。如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫完全倒装；如果只把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，则构成部分倒装。

　　即学即用

　　In the lecture hall ________.

　　A．a professor sits

　　B．sits a professor

　　C．does a professor sit

　　D．sitting a professor

　　答案：B　考查倒装句。句意：报告厅里坐着一位教授。本题中表示地点的介词短语置于句首，以示强调，句子的主语又是名词，设空处应该用完全倒装形式。再结合语境来判断选项B正确。