邻避效应 NIMBY

　　最近，微博上有人撰文分析启东排海项目遭抗议是因为“邻避效应”，也就是英语中的not in my backyard（NIMBY）。今天，咱们就来说说这个表达。

　　NIMBY or Nimby is an acronym for the phrase "not in my backyard". The term is used pejoratively to describe opposition by residents to a proposal for a new development close to them, developments that are generally needed in the society. Opposing residents themselves are sometimes called Nimbies.

　　NIMBY或Nimby是英文短语not in my backyard（别在我家后院）的词首字母缩写，这个表达多以贬义的意味指那些因为某个社会建设项目要修在自家附近而对此表示反对的公众意见，即“邻避效应”。这些表示反对的居民有时被称作Nimbies。

　　Projects likely to be opposed include but are not limited to chemical plants, industrial parks, military bases, desalination plants, landfills, incinerators, power plants, prisons, nuclear waste dumps, sports stadiums, etc.

　　有可能遭遇邻避效应的项目包括但不限于：化工厂、工业园、军事基地、海水淡化处理厂、垃圾填埋场、垃圾焚烧厂、发电站、监狱、核废料掩埋场、体育场，等等。

　　NIMBY is also used more generally to describe people who advocate some proposal (for example, austerity measures including budget cuts, tax increases, downsizing), but oppose implementing it in a way that would require sacrifice on their part.

　　NIMBY也用来指那些发出某项倡议（例如削减预算、增税或减员），但如果该倡议危及自身利益又会反对其实施的人们。