美国习惯用语-第217讲:Ups and downs
今天我们要给大家讲的两个习惯用语是由两个很简单的字组成的。我们先来讲第一个:Ups and downs. 在一般情况下,up 和down都用做副词,但是在这个习惯用语里,它们都是名词,后面都还加上了s , 表示多数。Up的意思就是向上,在上面;down的意思就是向下,或在下面。Ups and downs 作为俗语就是指一个人的运气时好时坏,或是在某件事上成功和失败不断循环。换句话说,ups and downs就是起伏、波折。这是每个人都难免会遇到的。下面就是一个例子。
例句1: Mister White sure has had his ups and downs. He\'s made a fortune three times and then lost it all. But he doesn\'t have to worry - his wife is rich. When her father died last year, she inherited two million dollars.
这句话的意思是:白先生一生经历了不少起伏。他三次发了财,可是后来又全亏损了。但是,他不用担心,他太太很有钱。去年她爸爸去世的时候,她继承了两百万美元。
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虽然碰到起伏波折是常事,但是谁都喜欢万事顺顺当当,不要有波折。这是一个父亲在为自己的女儿担心。
例句2: Carol has had all sorts of ups and downs preparing for her wedding - problems with the wedding gown and so on. Then on the big day, the flowers and the cake didn\'t arrive on time. She\'s very upset - these aren\'t lucky signs for a marriage.
这位父亲说:卡罗尔在为婚礼做准备的过程中遇到许多波折,结婚礼服出了问题,以及其他不顺利的事。举行婚礼的那天,鲜花和蛋糕又没有准时送到。她非常不高兴。这些对婚姻来说都不是好的象征。
美国人的婚礼一般排场很大。要举办一个婚礼大约要在一年前开始准备,从找地点,发请帖一直到新娘定礼服、决定伴娘服、定鲜花、食品饮料、蛋糕等等细节很多。大多数的婚礼首先要举行教堂仪式,然后举行宴会,接着还要跳舞,新郎新娘切蛋糕,大家吃蛋糕等。让人难以理解的是绝大多数费用都是由女家来负担。
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现在我们来讲第二个习惯用语,这个习惯用语跟刚才讲的只差一个字。那就是:Down and out. Down and out就是一个人不仅没有工作、没有钱,而且也没有朋友帮忙。也就是中文里说的穷困潦到。
美国人的生活方式跟中国人的生活方式很不同。他们对理财的观念似乎也跟中国人不一样。也许跟美国历来的经济繁荣有关;美国人往往不在乎借钱。在美国,借钱买东西、出去旅行、装修和美化住房,然后再分期连本带利地还。这是很普遍的作法。下面这个例子是说一个人倒霉的经历。
例句3: Jeff used to have a very good job making enough money for a comfortable life. But he is a big spender and has never saved a penny. Last year, his company went broke and he lost his job. Now he\'s down and out.
这句话的意思是:杰夫以前有一个很好的工作,收入足够他舒舒服服地过日子。但是,他手脚很大,从来没有攒过一分钱。去年,他的公司破产了,他也丢了工作。现在,他是一贫如洗,什么也没了。
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有的人工作很辛苦,但是一直在挣扎。这样的人很受别人的同情。下面这个例子就是在说这样的一个人。
例句4: My friend Daniel has no education so it\'s hard for him to find a decent job and earn enough money for his family. Right now the poor guy is really down and out . I hope his children will help him out when they start working.
这句话的意思是:我的朋友丹尼尔没有受过教育,所以很难找到一个像样的工作,有足够的钱来养家活口。现在,可怜的旦尼尔真是处于穷困潦到的境况。但愿他的孩子开始工作后可以帮他一点忙。
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