连接原则
高口翻译难度的侧重点在近几年发生了一个转换:从以前追求成语、俗语到现在语体、语言风格的怪异,比如老舍和钱钟书的自传。语言的绝对难度不难,但是形式游散,不容易连接成逻辑感强烈的英语。英语重形合,汉语重意合。所以连接原则首先要求考生具备强烈的逻辑使命感,多加连词,两三句之内就要考虑句群的关系,其次考生还要具备合句和缩句的能力,抓住主要谓语,最后换序译法也是考生必需的技能,有时突出重点,调整句序,也是必不可少的。
书无所不读,全无所惑,并不着急,教书做事,均甚认真,往往吃亏,也不后悔。
Not vexed by reading comprehensively though futilely, I deal seriously with teaching and handling affairs and have no regret for suffering losses.
中国加入世界贸易组织的谈判已经进行了15年了。中国的立场始终如一。
China has been engaged in the talks for entry into the WTO for 15 years with its consistent stance.
减少of原则
汉译英中,一出现的许多学生立马想到of的架构,这种思维模式主要是受到了所属关系的影响。of在英语当中主要是所属关系,而的 不仅有所属关系,而且有包含关系等,因此我们在翻译中要看清句子的主主语真正意义上的主语,而不必选择句子的次主语语法上的主语。比如在第一个例子中,主主语是楼,而次主语才是质量,因此如把此句翻成The quality of the building is poor. 虽然也没有错,在考试中也不一定会扣分,但还是显得比较业余。另外在最后一个例子中,译文如译成The development of our relations has made us not only close fiends but also brothers,就显得特别地功利,好像表示我们关系的发展使我们成为兄弟了,而不是我们的关系。总而言之,我们并不是要刻意地减少of架构,而是把一些非定语关系的of架构转化为其它成分。
楼的质量不好。
The building is not well built.
经济全球化的深入发展和科学技术的迅猛进步
the furthering economic globalization and rapid/swift/speedy/prompt development of science and technology
中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。
A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries.
我们之间关系的发展,使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友,而且成为兄弟。
Our relations have so grown that bind us not only as close friends but also as brothers.
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