大学英语六级考试改错题最后冲刺攻略

　　随着2013年6月四六级考试的临近，同学们的复习也进入了最后的冲刺阶段。如何尽最大限度利用好这剩下的十多天时间提高自己的改错成绩。改错作为六级考试的重要组成部分,一直是很多同学比较头疼的一项,感觉要在那么短的时间内找出10个错误,实在不是一件容易的事.从得分情况来看,改错单项得分率一直不高,有的同学甚至表达了放弃的念头。

　　改错到底有多难?从本质上说,改错就是考查考生最基本的语法,词汇掌握情况,难度应该是适中的,因此同学们一定得加强基本功的训练.但到现在这个阶段,加强基本功实在是不怎么现实,如何迅速提高同学们六级改错的正确率才是摆在眼前的首要问题.我通过对2004年1月至2007年1月全部改错题目的仔细分析,发现其命题有着很强的规律性,一些考点更是屡考不爽,这就为同学们最后阶段迅速提高改错成绩提供了可能.笔者想通过本文来揭示六级改错题的一些命题规律,总结7大核心考点,以期对同学们最后的冲刺复习有所帮助：

　　1. 并列结构。

　　这主要是指由and或or连接的几个并列成分在形式上必须保持一致.这一考点在历年六级改错中出现频率相当高,同学们要给予相当的重视.

　　At the heart of the NEA survey is the belief inour democratic system depends on leaders who can think critically, analyze texts and writing clearly.这里的writing显然与think和analyze并列,因此应该用同样的形式,所以应该改成write.

　　Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect，faulty wiring in the brain-----not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment .这里的lazy应该与stupidity和a poor home environment并列,因此该用名词形式laziness.

　　Restrict yourself to one or two pages, and listing any publications or referees on a separate sheet.通过and将restrict和listing联系起来表示并列关系,所以listing应该用原形list.

　　How do you know how to act in a classroom,

　　or a department store, or toward a person who

　　smiles or laugh at you?

　　这里的smiles和laugh肯定应该用同样的形式,而前面的

　　a person又提示我们该使用第三人称单数,所以将laugh改成laughs.

　　Most experts believe this can continue even as

　　ifthe population doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding

　　10 billion people will not be easy for politics,

　　economic and environmental reasons.同样,这里的politics应该改成political和

　　economic, environmental并列。

　　(6)Elsewhere, rice experts in the Philippines are

　　producing a plant with few stems and more seeds.

　　few应该与more形成对应,所以应改成比较级形式fewer.

　　2.A--A型错误。

　　所谓A--A型错误,就是指六级改错命题经常将形容词与副词混淆.这时我们的任务就是将文中的形容词换成它的副词形式,或将副词换成形容词：

　　Science should not only befunin the same way

　　as playing a video game, but hard fun----a deep

　　feeling of connection made possibly only by

　　imaginative engagement.我们都知道make sth possible, possible做为宾语补足语，那用被动语态就是sth be made possible,所以这里的possibly应该改成possible.

　　Mass literacy is a relative new social goal.显然这里表示相对地意思,因此要将relative改成它的副词形式relatively.注意:relative改成 relatively不是第一次出现了，在04年1月的改错题中也出现过。

　　A good CV is your passport to an interview and,

　　ultimate, to the job you want. ultimate在两个逗号之间，肯定得用副词形式ultimately.

　　She says efforts are continuing to complete end

　　the disease.complete要改成副词形式completely修饰动词end。

　　The WHO has given multi-drug therapy to patients

　　freely for the last five years.可以看出这里freely想表示免费的意思,所以应该改成形容词形式free.

　　Culture is essentially to our humanness.be essential to是一个固定搭配,表示对...

　　很重要,所以essentially应该换成形容词essential.

　　Except for relative-isolated trouble spots like pres-

　　ent-day Somalia显然应该用副词relatively来修饰动词过去分词isolated,表示相对隔绝的。

　　注意:A--A题错误有一种变体题型AN.所谓AN题型,

　　就是指A与N之间的混淆,举例如下：

　　Now what started in schools across the country is

　　playing itself out on a nation stage and is possibly

　　having an impact on the reading habits of the Ameri-

　　can public.在国内舞台应该是on a national stage,在这里名词nation要改成它的形容词形式national。

　　Understanding the original of the negative attit-

　　udes towards science may help us to modify them.

　　表示起源显然要用名词形式

　　origin,这里用形容词original是错误的。

　　3.逻辑错误。

　　这种错误一般得根据上下文判断得出，分析这么多年六级改错的逻辑错误，答案无一例外都是将文中某个用错的词改成它的反义词或添上一个否定词，这里要求同学们掌握一些常用的否定词缀，如in-、un-等等，因为有的形容词加上否定词缀就变成了它的反义词,举例如下：

　　the leaders of our country are unconsciously

　　sending the message that reading may be connected

　　to desirable activities thatdesirable undesirable

　　The task of learning facts and concepts, one at a

　　time, makes learning laborious, boring and efficient.

　　efficient inefficient.本题中

　　efficient和laborious与boring并列,根据并列成分意思一致原则,也可以推断出这里的efficient应该换成它的反义词.

　　But in the Information Age, no one can get by

　　with knowing how to read well and understand

　　increasingly complex material.with without.这里句子主语用了no one表示否定,而整个句子表示肯定的意思,所以后面必然要用一个否定词without

　　与no one构成双重否定表示肯定。

　　Initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented

　　CV could mean acceptance, regardless of whats in

　　it.acceptance rejection

　　the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music,

　　literature, philosophy, or history. unfamiliar familiar

　　Except for relatively-isolated trouble spots like

　　present-day Somalia, and occasional years of good

　　harvests, the worlds food crisis has remained just

　　around the corner.good

　　poor/bad

　　Get someone to check for spelling and grammatic-

　　al errors, because a spell-checker will pick up every

　　mistake.根据上下文,这里应该表示不能挑出每个错误，所以在pick up之前要加上否定词not.

　　4.-ing型与-ed型改错题。

　　此类题一般是动词后面少了ing或ed,这种题经常出现,值得注意。

　　-ing型改错题分两种情况:介词后面或某些动词后面跟着的动词需要使用该动词的-ing形式用一个逗号将一个动词与其逻辑主语分开,该动词需要用-ing分词形式,举例如下：

　　The House proposal would have barred the federal

　　government from demand library records.这里的demand应该改成demanding,

　　bar/stop/prevent sth from doing为固定搭配,介词from后面的动词必须使用其-ing形式。

　　As a result, too many kids passed through school

　　without mastering the printed page.介词后面跟的动词通常都要加-ing形式,所以这里的master应该改成mastering.

　　Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject

　　pile.avoid后面跟动词要加-ing, 所以end改成ending.

　　This modern treatment will cure leprosy in 6 to 12

　　months, depend on the form of the disease.一个逗号将depend on和其逻辑主语this modern treatment分开,因此depend要用其现在分词形式

　　depending.

　　Culture refers to the social heritage of a people----

　　the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting

　　that characterize a population or society, include the

　　expression of these patterns in material things.和上一题一样,这里的include同样得用分词形式including.

　　-ed型改错:

　　If you have to send one, make sure it is one taking

　　in a professional setting这里的one指代前文的photo,我们都知道照相用take a photo,

　　所以这里的one和take应该表示被动关系,所以应该用take的过去分词taken做后置定语。

　　The rule here is to keep it factual and truthful-----

　　exaggerations usually get find out.表示被发现显然要用过去分词found out.

　　注意:-ed型改错从本质上说就是要能发现动词与其逻辑主语的关系,动词是施动者,而其逻辑主语接收动词发出的动作.这和被动语态实际上是一个道理,下面举几个被动语态的题:

　　The day the NEA report released.这个报告被发表,所以在report和released之间要加上was.

　　Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as

　　well-----and not getting help.

　　受到影响显然要用被动语态,所以affecting要改成过去式affected.值得注意的是,affect是改错命题专家比较偏爱的一个词,在05年1月的改错中考查了effect与affect的区别,大家对这个词要好好掌握。

　　The members of the alliance against leprosy plan to target the countries which still threatened by

　　leprosy.这里的the countries作为逻辑主语,与后面的动词threaten成被动关系,而且后面句子的形式threatened by leprosy也提示我们这里应该在threate-

　　ned的前面加上系动词are.

　　5.单复数错误与主谓不一致错误。

　　这个考点在六级改错中出现的也很频繁,同学们对这种错误也比较熟悉,做题时一定得仔细观察句子的主语：

　　Most education system neglect exploration, under-

　　standing and reflection.句子的主语是education system，而前面的most和后面的neglect都提示我们这里主语应该是个复数,所以将system改成systems.

　　There is therefore a need for resources and

　　methods of teaching that facilitates a deep under-

　　standing of science in an enjoyable way.这里facilitates前面跟的主语是resources and methods of teaching,主语是复数,所以根据主谓一致原则,要把facilitates改成facilitate。

　　New screening tests are identifying children at

　　risk before they get discouraged by year of frustra-

　　tion and failure.表示多年的沮丧与失败是一个复数的概念,因此要把year改成years.

　　physical object like cooking pots, computers and

　　bathtubs.这里的主语是physical object，也就是后面的那么些东西,因为不止一样东西,所以object得用复数形式objects.

　　There is no guarantee that plant breeders can cont-

　　inue to develop new, higher-yielding crop在形容词前没有不定冠词,所以可以认为这里的crop表示一个复数概念,因此用crops.

　　6.指代错误与冠词错误。

　　同单复数一样,解指代错误题也要关注指代的对象到底是单数还是复数:

　　During the 1980s culture wars, school systems

　　across the country pulled some books from library

　　shelves because its content was deemed by parents

　　and teachers to be inappropriate.这里its指代前面的some books，所以物主代词应该是

　　their而不是its.

　　As a result, children memorize processes such as

　　mathematical formulas or the periodic table, only to

　　forget it shortly afterwards.

　　容易发现it指代前面的processes，因为是复数,所以该用复数的宾格them.

　　At same time地球人都知道的at the same time是固定短语。

　　in first paragraph序数词前面要加the，这是初中的知识。

　　a number of leprosy cases around the world has

　　been cut by ninety percent during the past ten years.

　　表示数量多少应该用the number of

　　The fast-growing populations demand for food,

　　they warned, would soon exceed their supply这里的their指代population，而人口是一个单数的概念,所以物主代词要用its.