英语四级考试翻译特训的练习及答案(3)

　　训练三

　　1. If you want to _______________，you must work hard，make efforts and get prepared.

　　2. The successful person _____________to meet opportunities as they duly arrive.

　　3. a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.

　　4. No other reproduction in any form is permitted .

　　5. The environmental effect of this new factory .

　　6. This is yet _________________ .

　　7. His scientific works _______________.

　　8. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces，_____________.

　　9. He is optimistic ________________.

　　10. Work in all fields should be subordinated to and ________________.

　　11. Henry has prepared a party for his girlfriend，______________.

　　12. The identical twins resemble each other___________________.

　　13. I would rather join you in research work____________________.

　　14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language，they can communicate with adults ________________.

　　15. Although I liked the appearance of the house，_____________was the beautiful view through the window.

　　答案与解析

　　1.【答案】achieve something or fulfill your ambitions

　　本题考查短语搭配。取得成就可以有这样的表达：make achievements或achieve something，前者成就作名词，后者作动词。实现雄心壮志中实现可选用realize，fulfill，此外makecome true，carryout也有实现梦想/理想之意。

　　2.【答案】always makes adequate preparations

　　作准备的表达有：prepare make preparations for充分的可选形容词有：enough，sufficient，adequate，而well-prepared多在句中充当表语成分，如：His counsel was well-prepared.他的律师做了充分准备。

　　3.【答案】All that is needed is

　　此句不要受汉语思维的影响用only来翻译，唯一要做的，其实是你所需要做的一切。

　　4.【答案】without written permission from the publishing house

　　①介词短语：without written permission表示未经允许②written permission表示允许③the publishing house表示出版社。

　　5.【答案】is most clearly observable in the surrounding field and river

　　①is most clearly observable表示完全可以看出来，句型The effect ofisobservable.表示的效果是可以看出的②surrounding field and river表示周围的田野和河流。

　　6.【答案】another common point between the people of our two countries

　　本题通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。虽然原文没有和between相对应的词，但是共同点是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果，所以增补between之后，符合英语表达习惯。增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一。

　　7.【答案】were widely read in English-speaking countries

　　这句话易被错译为were widely read in English countries。原文中英语国家的含义是讲英语的国家。又如：我卖掉了彩电。I sold out my color TV.这句译文错误在于，没弄清彩电的含义。其有两层意思：一是指具体的实物，即彩色电视机color TV set;二是指屏幕上出现的影像，即彩色电视color TV。这都体现了英汉表达差异。

　　8.【答案】and so does reform

　　考点有二：①考查词性转移。原文中解放用作动词，生产力作宾语。译文中处理成名词短语对生产力的解放。②考查省译法。我们不能把原文译成and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces，这种结构显得累赘。为避免重复，可选用and so does来代替这个动宾结构。

　　9.【答案】about the present development of information industry

　　对表示乐观可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。这句话不能译成about the status of the present development of information industry。状况是一个范畴词，没有实际含义，可省略不译。

　　10.【答案】serve the economic development

　　服务于即为服务，所以要用serve sb./sth.的结构，不能译成be served to。进程也是一个范畴词，可以省略不译。另外，be subordinated to是一个固定结构，含义是从属于隶属于。

　　11.【答案】only to be told that she couldnt come by then

　　本题考查对only+不定式结构的掌握。此结构相当于一个结果状语，意为结果却，表示事情的发展与预料相反。如：He rushed all the way to the station only to miss the train.他一路奔跑赶到车站，可是车已经开走了。

　　12.【答案】in appearance but not in character

　　①in appearance表示外表，往往包括衣着，而looks 复数形式表示容貌，单数形式则表示表情、神色，尤指高兴时的表情;②in character表示性格。

　　13.【答案】than go on holiday to the seaside

　　①虚拟语气：than go on holiday表示不如，其结构为：主语+would rather+动词谓语+than+动词原形，表示宁可、与其不如，不愿。②on holiday表示度假。③seaside表示海滨。

　　14.【答案】through facial expressions and by making noises

　　本题要注意介词的选择。同样是表示方法途径，前后的介词选择却有不同，考生要注意比较和记忆。

　　15.【答案】what really made me decide to buy it

　　本题考查对what引导的主语从句的掌握。根据句子结构，前半句是although引导的让步状语从句，而主句中只有系表结构，缺少主语，故需要翻译的部分应该是一个主语从句。