In 1983 alcohol provided $ 12. 2 billion in taxes, but cost the nation $ 89. 5 billion in lost employment and productivity, health care, property loss and crime, as well as immeasurable damage to the family lives of those involved.
As these costs have become clearer, Americans have started drinking less, a Readers Digest/Gallup Survey reveals, and a smaller proportion than at any time since 1969 report drinking at all. Of the 1516 adults 18 and older interviewed across the country, 65 percent drink beer, wine or hard liquor at least occasionallythis is down from 71 percent in 1977. Twenty-nine percent say they have cut back on their consumption over the past five years, while only 11 percent say they drink more. In the 18-to-29 age group, however, 21 percent have increased consumption.
Of those who drink, 68 percent classify themselves as light drinkers, 26 percent say they drink moderately, and only one percent admit they are heavy drinkers. However, these self-assessments are based on a variety of interpretations. A Maryland man who viewed himself an average drinker was surprised when he read information indicating that he was an alcoholic; he thought drinking ten cans of beer at a sitting affected only his weight.
Surveys commissioned by the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services define heavy drinkingthe point over which harm is scientifically measurableas one ounce of absolute alcohol daily. This is the amount contained in slightly more than two 12-ounce cans of beer, two 6-ounce glasses of table wine , or two l1/2-ounce jiggers of hard liquor . Based on those figures, HHS surveys classify nine percent of adults as heavy drinkers, with men outnumbering women three or four to one.
Why do people drink? When queried in another Gallup poll, 54 percent said they did it for social reasons, 18 percent drank for relaxation, 16 percent because they enjoy it, while 10 percent drank only on special occasions. You cant go to a party with a certain circle of friends and not have any drinks, said a California housewife. Its mostly habitwe get together, we drink. An Illinois executive drinks to unwind after work. With people screaming at you all day, you need a couple of whiskies to become civilized again.
Of those who drink for conviviality or relaxation, most feel they could give it up without ill effect. However, studies by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism indicate that 21 percent of even moderate drinkers become psychologically dependent on alcohol: they think they need it. Another 14 percent are symptomatic drinkers, meaning they are physically dependent and have difficulty in controlling their drinking, suffer blackouts, skip meals while drinking, sneak偷偷地拿) drinks, etc.
Cyclists make Olympic history, 400-year-old shark 英国自行车运动员创英奥运历史,400岁格陵兰鲨鱼
To lie through your teeth 睁眼说瞎话
Alligator takes boy and Tate Modern extension 鳄鱼拖走小男孩,泰特现代美术馆扩建完工
Zika virus and the A4 waist challenge 寨卡病毒,“A4腰挑战”
Diabetes warning and Queen at 90 糖尿病激增引忧, 英国女王90岁生日
Earth-like planet, Pink cockatoo dies at 83 类地行星,83岁风头鹦鹉逝世
Indian state introduces 'fat tax' 印度一省拟征收“脂肪税”
California wildfires and cloned animals 加利福尼亚州野火,克隆动物衰老过程正常
Darkness over Indonesia and the 'fifth Beatle' dies 印度尼西亚日全食,“第五位披头士”去世
Brexit and Hockney's art 英国脱欧公投后进展,大卫·霍克尼艺术展
Axe to grind 别有用心
IOC on Russian doping and hot June 奥委会就涉俄兴奋剂事件报告进展,六月高温破纪录
Zuma in court and stressed horses 南非总统受审和马的精神压力
Ebola outbreak and brain injuries 埃博拉疫情,脑部创伤
Phelps makes history and marine species 菲尔普斯创造历史,海洋新物种
In good nick 品质好、没有损坏
Russian athletes and friendly robots 俄罗斯运动员服用兴奋剂,“合作机器人”
Close, but no cigar 几近成功
Canada wildfire and NASA discovery 加拿大林火,美国国家航空航天局发现系外行星
Counting elephants, Australian Elvis 空中数大象,澳大利亚“猫王节”
The cost of protecting the environment, Juno space probe 保护环境付出的代价,“朱诺”木星探测器
Solar superpower, female commander and hospital demolished 太阳能超级大国,女海军司令官和著名医院化为废墟
Mars bars and baby gorilla 火星巧克力棒和大猩猩产幼子
A bitter pill to swallow 不得不吞的苦药
To make a monkey out of me 捉弄我
World's longest tunnel and a strange kind of race 世界最长铁路隧道,扛羊毛袋比赛
UN female, New flag and Apollo 11 倡议提名女秘书长,新西兰换国旗和阿波罗11号再创历史
Big Ben and gorilla surprise 维修大本钟,大猩猩生子
Zika virus, Rare whale filmed in Australia 寨卡病毒传播风险,澳大利亚拍到罕见鲸鱼影像
India's sewer workers and British school standards 印度下水道工人施工安全,英国在校生学习成绩下降
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