英语四级阅读理解真题长难句分类解析(4)

　　4.举例作为插入语(显著词such as; for example; including etc.)

　　插入语主要起补充或说明的作用，我们在进行快速阅读的时候通常会把它省略，即忽略不看。但是，笔者在这里要提出的一点是，如果根据文章问题回原文定位句子时，如果定位的关键句子包含了以上插入语中的任何一种形式，则答案往往就在此处。例如：

　　原文：Finally, other people may give us instrumental supportfinancial aid, material resources, and needed servicesthat reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.

　　考题： Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of

　　A. instrumental support B. informational support

　　C. social companionship D. the strengthening of self-respect

　　(1)Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. (2005.1)

　　翻译：普通感冒患者的一些典型症状，如鼻塞、流鼻涕、喉咙发痒，发作比较缓慢，成人和青少年患者一般不会有发热症状。

　　(2)And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms. (2005.1)

　　翻译：一般来说，流感症状包括发烧、发冷、喉咙发痒、浑身疼痛，比普通感冒的症状来得突然和猛烈。

　　注意：举例有时可以换成短语，如介词短语、不定式短语等等;还可以换成有两个破折号引起的插入语成分。例如：

　　It is 37 years later. Stokoenow devoting his time to writing and editing books and jounals and to producing video materials on ASL and deaf cultureis having lunch at a caf near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution.

　　时间过了37年。现在Stoloe致力于撰写和编辑关于美国手语和聋哑人文化的书籍和杂志，以及制作相关的录像材料。