考生拿到考卷的时候,首先关注的点就是应该怎么做题目,做题的顺序分别是什么。在阅读部分,特别是四级,35分钟做四篇文章的时间相对紧张,有相当一部分是4+5或5+4的模式,即花4分钟看文章,花5分钟做题目。或者花5分钟看文章,4分钟做题目,这个相对不是特别合理。因为在时间非常有限的情况下,我们需要非常有效率地看文章,要带有目的性。
建议考生拿到考卷时先看题目,再看问题。可采用1+4+4的模式,即用1分钟时间把后面的题目看一下,了解到是考什么方向,考词汇,还是考推理,还是考细节。做了这样一个分析以后,考生在看文章的时候就会非常有目的性,阅读的任务也会非常明确。所以建议大家先看后面的题干。需要注意的是,看题干即可,后面这四个选项就不用看了,因为四个选项各自有迷惑性,看多了反而会影响思维。在看完题干之后, 就可以用大致4分钟时间把文章看一下,再用4-5分钟时间把后面的题目做完。只要你第1分钟是有效的,看文章之后,就会非常有方向感。如果看文章是有方向感的,后面做题目,当然也非常有效率。
找准信号词一目十行
在文章的浏览(即略读,skimming)过程中,对文中信息重要性的判断可以帮助考生快速有效地了解段落的大意。在浏览过程中,考生可以通过寻找信号词来区分重要信息和非重要信息。
下列是阅读过程中几类常见的信号词:
提示下文所涉及的重要信息:The main/important point/conclusion/reason The point to note here
提示下文的结构框架:There are three major reasons
but和however表示对比,常常用来提示重要信息,例如:The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate.
在文中提问可以突出问题后的答案,提示考生答案中有重要信息,例如:Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood.
有时,为了保证读者完全理解自己的观点,作者会在文中反复提出自己的观点,例如:Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
文章的结论通常是非常重要的,因此,考生要在文中寻找提示结论的信号词,例如:Therefore the result, In conclusion, we can conclude, One of the primary conclusions
举例是为了帮助读者理解某一个观点,因此,文中的例子并不是浏览文章时的重要信息。在阅读过程中,以下词组提示读者下文仅仅是举例部分信息。For example/instance like,Such as these include
在段落浏览时,考生在看到信号词后,应不断对下文信息做出相应的判断,比如:The main reason for(提示:下文信息重要)there duction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures. For example,(提示:下文信息不重要,仅仅是为了用来证明前面的观点)in SriLanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria. Why (提示:问题的答案中有考生应关注的重点)is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer(提示:这只是众多答案中的一种,并不是最重要的)is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point(提示:but后面的是非常重要的信息). For birth control programmers to be successful, a change in attitude is required, where as death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words,(提示:这里是作者想要强调的重要信息)the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
让写作增色的好句子
Time flies.时光易逝。
One today is worth two tomorrows. 一个今天胜似两个明天。
When an opportunity is neglected, it never comes back to you. 机不可失,时不再来。
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
Wisdom is more to be envied than riches. 知识可羡,胜于财富。
It is good to learn at another mans cost. 前车可鉴。
Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。
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