2014考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案(八)

　　Thirty-two people watched kitty Genovese being killed right beneaththeir windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not oneeven called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feelingabout one s fellow man? 　　Not so, say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men wentbeyond the headlines to probe the reasons why people didn t act. They foundthat a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has tonotice that is an emergency. 　　Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side-walk. Is hehaving a heart attack? Is he in a coma from diabetes? Or ishe about to sleep off a drunk? 　　Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak in the airconditioning? Is itsteam pipes? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It s notalways easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. 　　Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency mustfeel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the personwon t get the help he needs. 　　The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people arearound. They had college students in to betested. Some came alone. Some camewith one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist startedthem off on thetests. Then she went into the next room. A curtain dividedthetesting roomand the room into which she went. Soon the students heard ascream, the noise of file cabinets falling and a cry for help. All of this hadbeen pre-recorded on a tape-recorder. 　　Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted tohelp. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students ingroups, none helped. 　　In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feelthat others will act. They, themselves, needn t. They do not feel any directresponsibility. 　　Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes.Scientists found that the people were emotional, they sweated, they hadtrembling hands. They felt the other person s trouble. But they did not act.They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those theywere with. 　　36. The purpose of this passage is. 　　A) to explain why people fail to act in emergencies 　　B) to explain when people wil act in emergencies 　　C) to explain what people will do in emergencies 　　D) to explain how people feel in emergencies 　　37. Which of the following is NOT true? 　　A) When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that thereis a real emergency. 　　B) When a person tries to help others, he should know whether heyare worth his help. 　　C) A person must take the full responsibility for the safety ofthose in emergencies if he wants to help. 　　D) A person with a heart attack needs the most. 　　38. The researchers have conducted an experiment to prove thatpeople will act in emergencies when. 　　A) they are in pairsB) they are in groups 　　C) they are alone D) they are with their friends 　　39. The main reason why people fail to act when they stay togetheris that. 　　A) they are afraid of emergencies 　　B) they are reluctant to get themselves involved 　　C) others will act if they themselves hesitate 　　D) they do not have any direct responsibility for those who needhelp 　　40. The author suggests that. 　　A) we shouldn t blame a person if he fails to act in emergencies 　　B) a person must feel guilty if he fails to help 　　C) people should be responsible for themselves in emergencies 　　D) when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway 　　Passage 8 　　36.B37.C38.C39.D40.A