GRE阅读长难句的典型结构

　　编辑点评： GRE阅读中的长难句往往是阅读理解的难点之一，这里就6个方面为大家揭示了长难句的典型结构，相信对大家阅读理解一定能起到帮助作用。

　　及物动词加介词：固定词组的固定搭配中，经常出现倒装情况，如：bring A to B，写作：bring to B A

　　例：Yet Waltzer s argument , however deficient , does point to one ofthe most serious weaknesses of capitalism-namely , that it brings topredominant positions in a society people who ,no matter howlegitimately they have earned their material rewards , often lack thoseother qualities that evoke affection or admiration.

　　类似的情况：throw over , insert into , import into , infer from, establish for, advocate as 等

　　及物动词加副词

　　例：make possible

　　3、省略的几种情况

　　重复的成分

　　让步转折的省略：如although

　　定语从句引导词的省略which

　　定语从句的引导词和系动词同时省略，变成后置定语

　　如：qualities essential in producing wealth

　　4、 短语被分割

　　如：such as, so that , too to , more than , from A to B , between A and B

　　5、多重否定

　　如：Despite these vague categories , one should not claimunequivocally that hostility between recognizable classes cannot belegitimately observed .

　　6、难句分析举例

　　Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatlyincreased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class , anelement in national life representing irresponsible wealth detachedfrom the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equallydetached from the responsible management of business.

　　Such large,impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased shareholders as a class, an element

　　本句是典型的非限定性定语从句，难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of结构限定，并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。分句an element landowners 又带有两个定语从句，一个是representing ，另一个是detached 可见，定语从句的难点在于经常省略 引导词+be 的结构，从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。

　　对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分，代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离，而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。