GRE阅读难句解读（二）

　　7.Is it not tyrannical，in Pascals sense，to insist that those whoexcel in sensitivity or the ability to express compassion meritequal wealth with those who excel in qualities essential in producing wealth?

　　如果坚持认为，那些擅长于敏感和善于表达怜悯之心的人，应获取与那些擅长于在物质财富创造过程中所不可或缺的品质的人同等的物质财富，这按帕斯卡尔的意思，难道就不也是专制暴政吗?

　　8.Yet Waizers argument，however deficient，does point to one ofthe most serious weak-nesses of capitalism-namely，that it brings topredominant positions in a society people who，no matter howlegitimately they have earned their material rewards，often lackthose　other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.

　　然则，沃尔泽的论点，无论它不充分到何种地步，确实揭示了资本主义体制中最严重的一个弱点，即它将某一类人置于社会中的显赫地位置，这类人无论以怎样合法的方式获得了其物质报偿，却常常缺乏其它那些能唤起他人受戴和钦佩的品质。

　　9. The appreciation of traditional oral American Indian literature hasbeen limited，hampered by poor translations and by the difficulty，evenin the rare culturally sensitive and aesthetically satisfyingtranslation，of completely conveying the originals versestructure，tone，andsyntax.对美国印第安人传统口头文学的欣赏，一直被质量低劣的翻译所限制和妨碍，并且即使是那种不可多得的既体现着文化敏感性，又在美学上令人满意的译作，也难以完全传递出原作的诗体结构、语调和句法。

　　10.Mores，which embodied each cultures ideal principles forgoverning every citizen， were developed in the belief that thefoundation of a community lies in the cultivation of individual powersto be placed in service to the community.

　　风俗习惯，体现了每一文化制约每个公民的理想准则，它是在这种信仰中发展而来的，即一个社会的基础在于个人能力的培养，并将这些个人能力置于对社会的服务之中。

　　11.Only in the case of the February Revolution do we lack　a usefuldescription of participants that might characterize it in the light ofwhat social history has taught us about the process of revolutionarymobilization.

　　唯独在二月革命这一情形中，我们缺乏一种有用的有关参加者的描述，而这一描述则有可能按照社会历史有关革命动员过程所教给我们的内容来勾画出这场革命的性质。

　　12.Anthropologists and others are on much firmer ground when theyattempt to describe the cultural norms for a small homogeneous tribeor village than when they undertake the formidable task of discoveringthe norms that exist in a complex modern nation state composed of manydisparate groups.

　　当人类学家和其他人试图去描述一个小规模的同一性质部落或村落的文化标准时，他们处在一种要坚实得多的基础上。相对而言，当他们着手从事这样一个艰巨的任务，即去揭示存在于一个复杂的、由许多彼此间毫无联系的群体所构成的现代单一民族的独立国家时，他们就具备一个同样坚实的基础。